Birthdays:
1980 ~ Anna Chlumsky (née Anna Maria Chlumsky), American actress. She was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1973 ~ Holly Marie Combs, American actress. She is best known for her role as Kelly Brock on the television drama Picket Fences. She was born in San Diego, California.
1968 ~ Brendan Fraser (né Brendan James Fraser), Canadian-American actor. He was born in Indianapolis, Indiana.
1967 ~ Marie Françoise Ouedraogo, Burkinabé mathematician.
1965 ~ Katarina Witt, German figure skater. She won 2 Olympic gold medals for East Germany ~ first in the 1984 Olympics in Sarajevo, and then at the 1988 Games in Calgary.
1963 ~ Terri Schiavo (née Therese Marie Schindler, d. Mar. 31, 2005), American medical patient who was the center of a wrenching right-to-die dispute. In 1990, she suffered from a cardiac arrest, and suffered irreparable brain damage due to the lack of oxygen to her brain. She never recovered conscientiousness and was left in a comatose state. Her husband and her parents found themselves on opposite sides of a dispute when her husband wanted to remove her feeding tube. After years of legal battling, the feeding tube was removed and she died 13 days later at age 41.
1960 ~ Daryl Hannah (née Daryl Christine Hannah), American actress. She was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1960 ~ Julianne Moore (née Julie Anne Smith), American actress. She was born in Fort Bragg, North Carolina.
1948 ~ Ozzy Osbourne (né John Michael Osbourne), English singer and member of the band, Black Sabbath.
1938 ~ Sally Shlaer (d. Nov. 12, 1998), American mathematician. She died 21 days before her 60th birthday.
1933 ~ Paul J. Crutzen (né Paul Jozef Crutzen), Dutch chemist and recipient of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He is best known for his work in climate change research. He was born in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
1930 ~ Jean-Luc Godard, French film director. He was born in Paris, France.
1927 ~ Andy Williams (né Howard Andrew Williams; d. Sept. 25, 2012), American singer who was the last of the great easy-listening crooners. He died of cancer at age 84.
1924 ~ John Backus (né John Warner Backus; d. Mar. 17, 2007), American mathematician and computer scientist. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died at age 82 in Ashland, Oregon.
1922 ~ Henry A. Grunwald (né Heinz Anatole Grünwald; d. Feb. 26, 2005), Austrian-born American journalist and editor who reinvented Time magazine. He was born in Vienna, Austria. He died at age 82 in New York, New York.
1921 ~ John Doar (né John Andrew Doar; d. Nov. 11, 2014), American civil rights lawyer who fought segregation and drafted the articles of impeachment against President Richard Nixon. He died 3 weeks before his 93rd birthday.
1900 ~ Richard Kuhn (né Richard Johann Kuhn; d. Aug. 1, 1967), Austrian biochemist and recipient of the 1938 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. During World War II, he collaborated with high-ranking Nazi officials and denounced three of his Jewish co-workers. He was 66 years old at the time of his death.
1895 ~ Anna Freud (d. Oct. 9, 1982), Austrian-born British psychoanalyst and daughter of Sigmund Freud. She died at age 86.
1888 ~ Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog (d. July 25, 1959), Polish rabbi. He was the Chief Rabbi of Ireland from 1919 through 1936. He also served as the Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of the British Mandate of Palestine from 1936 until 1948. He was born in Lomza, Poland. He died at age 70 in Jerusalem, Israel.
1886 ~ Manne Siegbahn (né Karl Manne Siegbahn; d. Sept. 26, 1978), Swedish physicist and recipient of the 1924 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died at age 91.
1859 ~ Martin Lomasney (né Martin Michael Lomasney; d. Aug. 12, 1933), American politician. He was known as the political boss of Boston, West End. He served as a Massachusetts State Senator from 1896 to 1897. He was born and died in Boston, Massachusetts. He died of pneumonia at age 73.
1857 ~ Joseph Conrad (né Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski; d. Aug. 3, 1924), Polish-born British writer. He is best known for his novel Lord Jim, as well as stories of the sea. He died at age 66.
1842 ~ Charles Alfred Pillsbury (d. Sept. 17, 1899), American businessman and co-founder of the Pillsbury company. He was born in Warner, New Hampshire. He died of heart disease at age 56 in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
1842 ~ Ellen H. Swallow Richards (née Ellen Henrietta Swallow; d. Mar. 30, 1911), American industrial and environmental chemist. She was the first woman admitted to MIT. After her graduation, she became MIT’s first female instructor. She was born in Dunstable, Massachusetts. She died at age 68 in Boston, Massachusetts.
1842 ~ Phoebe Hearst (née Phoebe Elizabeth Apperson; d. Apr. 13, 1919), American philanthropist. She was the mother of William Randolph Hearst. She died of the Spanish Flu at age 76.
1826 ~ George B. McCellan (né George Brinton McCellan; d. Oct. 29, 1885), American Union Civil War General. Following the Civil War, he served as the 24th Governor of New Jersey, from January 1878 until January 1881. He died of a heart attack at age 58.
1766 ~ Barbara Fritchie (née Barbara Hauer; d. Dec. 18, 1862), American Civil War Unionist. John Greenleaf Whittier wrote a poem about her defending the Union Flag during the Civil War. She was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. She died 15 days after her 96th birthday in Frederick, Maryland.
1755 ~ Gilbert Stuart (né Gilbert Charles Stewart; d. July 9, 1828), American painter, best known for his portrayal of George Washington. He died in Boston, Massachusetts at age 72.
1616 ~ John Wallis (b. Nov. 8, 1703), English mathematician. He died less than a month before his 87th birthday.
1596 ~ Niccolò Amati (d. Apr. 12, 1684), Italian instrument and violin maker. He was the grandson of Andrea Amati, the founder of the Amati family of violin makers. He died at age 87.
1368 ~ King Charles VI of France (d. Oct. 21, 1422). He was known as Charles the Beloved. He reigned from September 1380 ~ until his death 42 years later. During his reign, he suffered numerous bouts of mental illness. He was married to Isabeau of Bavaria (1370 ~ 1435). He died at age 53.
Events that Changed the World:
2012 ~ Typhoon Bopha struck the Philippines causing massive damage and killing at least 475 people.
1997 ~ In Ottawa, Canada, the Ottawa Treaty was signed by representatives from 121 countries. The treaty prohibited the manufacture and deployment of anti-personnel landmines. The United States, Russia and the People’s Republic of China did not sign the treaty.
1984 ~ A cloud of methyl isocyanate from a leak at the Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal, India, killed nearly 4,000 people and injured hundreds of thousands more. The Bhopal disaster remains one of the world’s word industrial disasters in history.
1982 ~ A soil sample taken from Times Beach, Missouri was discovered to contain over 300 times the safe level of dioxin.
1979 ~ The Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (1902 ~ 1989) became the first Supreme Leader of Iran.
1967 ~ Dr. Christiaan Barnard (1922 ~ 2001) and his team performed the first human heart transplant at the Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. Louis Washkansky (1913 ~ 1967), a Lithuanian Jew, had serious heart failure. The procedure was entirely experimental and Mr. Washkansky lived only 2 weeks following the transplant.
1960 ~ The musical Camelot made its debut at the Majestic Theater on Broadway. This play became associated with the Kennedy administration.
1927 ~ The first Laurel and Hardy film was released. It was called Putting Pants on Philip.
1912 ~ Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, and Serbia signed an armistice with the Ottoman Empire granting a temporary halt to the First Balkan War. When the armistice expired in February 1913, the hostilities resumed.
1910 ~ George Claude (1870 ~ 1960) demonstrated modern neon lighting at the Paris Motor Show.
1818 ~ Illinois became the 21st State of the Union.
1775 ~ John Paul Jones (1747 ~ 1792) hoisted the Grand Union Flag (the precursor to what would become the American Stars and Stripes), on his ship, the USS Alfred, which became the first vessel to fly the flag.
Good-Byes:
2017 ~ John B. Anderson (né John Bayard Anderson; b. Feb. 15, 1922), American politician and one-time presidential candidate. He ran as in Independent in the 1980 presidential election. He was born in Rockford, Illinois. He died at age 95 in Washington, D.C.
2015 ~ Scott Weiland (né Scott Richard Kline, b. Oct. 27, 1967), American rock star and frontman for the Stone Temple Pilots who struggled with drug addiction. He died at age 48 of a drug overdose.
2014 ~ James Stewart (né James Drewry Stewart; b. Mar. 29, 1941), Canadian mathematician. He died of multiple myeloma at age 73
2014 ~ Nathaniel Branden (né Nathan Blumenthal, b. Apr. 9, 1930), Canadian-American psychologist who became Ayn Rand’s lover. He died at age 84.
2010 ~ Cora Sadosky (b. May 23, 1940), Argentinian mathematician. She died at age 70.
2009 ~ Richard Todd (né Richard Andrew Palethrope Todd; b. June 11, 1919), Irish-born actor who played dashing roles. He died at age 90.
2004 ~ Shiing-Shen Chern (b. Oct. 28, 1911), Chinese mathematician. He died at age 93.
1999 ~ Madeline Kahn (née Madeline Gail Wolfson; b. Sept. 29, 1942), American actress. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts. She died at age 57 of ovarian cancer.
1994 ~ Elizabeth Glaser (née Elizabeth Meyer; b. Nov. 11, 1947), American AIDS activist. She died 22 days after her 47th birthday.
1993 ~ Lewis Thomas (b. Nov. 25, 1913), American physician and etymologist. He died of cancer 8 days after his 80th birthday.
1984 ~ Vladimir Abramovich Rokhlin (b. Aug. 23, 1919), Soviet mathematician. He died at age 65.
1981 ~ Walter Knott (né Walter Marvin Knott; b. Dec. 11, 1889), American farmer and creator of Knott’s Berry Farm amusement park in California. He died 8 days before his 92nd birthday.
1973 ~ Adolfo Ruiz Cortines (b. Dec. 30, 1890), President of Mexico. He was President from December 1952 through November 1958. He died 27 days before his 83rd birthday.
1939 ~ Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll (née Louisa Caroline Alberta; b. Mar. 18, 1848), sixth child and fourth daughter of Queen Victoria. She married John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll in 1871. The couple had no children. She died at age 91.
1935 ~ Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom (b. July 6, 1868). She was the daughter of King Edward VII and younger sister of King George V. She died at age 67.
1926 ~ Charles Ringling (né Charles Edward Ringling; b. Dec. 2, 1863), American circus owner and co-founder of the Ringling Brothers Circus. He was born in McGregor, Iowa. He died the day after his 63rd birthday in Sarasota, Florida.
1919 ~ August Renoir (né Pierre-August Renoir; b. Feb. 25, 1841), French impressionist painter and sculptor. He died at age 78.
1910 ~ Mary Baker Eddy (b. July 16, 1821), American religious leader and founder of the Christian Science movement. She was born in Bow, New Hampshire. She died in Newton, Massachusetts at age 89.
1894 ~ Robert Louis Stevenson (né Robert Louis Balfour Stevenson; b. Nov. 13, 1850), Scottish writer best known for such children’s adventure novels as Treasure Island and Kidnapped. He died 20 days after his 44th birthday.
1888 ~ Carl Zeiss (b. Sept. 11, 1816), German lens maker and founder of the Optical Instrument. He died at age 72.
1839 ~ King Frederick VI of Denmark (b. Jan. 29, 1768), King of Denmark from Mar. 13, 1808 until Dec. 3, 1839 and King of Norway from Mar. 13, 1808 until May 17, 1814. He was married to Marie Hesse-Kassel. He was of the House of Oldenburg. He died at age 71.
1815 ~ John Carroll (b. Jan. 8, 1735), American archbishop and founder of Georgetown University. He died at age 80.
1691 ~ Katherine Jones, Viscountess Ranelagh (b. Mar. 22, 1615), Anglo-Irish scientist and chemist. She was the sister of Robert Boyle and assisted him in his work in chemistry. She died at age 76.
1552 ~ Saint Francis Xavier (né Francisco de Jasso y Azpiliceuta, b. Apr. 7, 1506). Spanish missionary and co-founder of the Society of Jesus. He died of a fever at age 46.
1533 ~ Vasili III Ivanovich, Grand Prince of Moscow (b. Mar. 25, 1479). He governed over Moscow from November 1505 until his death 28 years later. He died at age 54.
1154 ~ Pope Anastasius IV (né Corrado Demetri della Suburra; b. 1073). He was Pope from July 8, 1153 until his death a year and a half later. The date of his birth is not known.
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