Birthdays:
1986 ~ Lady Gaga, (née Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta), American singer and musician. She was born in New York, New York.
1981 ~ Julia Stiles (née Julia O’Hara Stiles), American actress. She was born in New York, New York.
1977 ~ Lauren Weisberger, American novelist. She is best known for her novel The Devil Wears Prada. She was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania.
1970 ~ Vince Vaughn (né Vince Anthony Vaughn), American actor. He was born in Minneapolis, Missouri.
1968 ~ Max Perlich, American actor. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio.
1955 ~ Reba McEntire (née Reba Nell McEntire), American singer-songwriter. She was born in McAlester, Oklahoma.
1948 ~ Dianne Wiest (née Dianne Evelyn Wiest), American actress. She was born in Kansas City, Missouri.
1946 ~ Henry Paulson (né Henry Merritt Paulson, Jr.), American economist and 74th United States Secretary of the Treasury. He served under President George W. Bush from July 2006 until January 2009. He was born in Palm Beach, Florida.
1946 ~ Alejandro Toledo, 48th President of Peru. He served as President from July 2001 until July 2006.
1944 ~ Ken Howard (né Kenneth Joseph Howard, Jr.; b. Mar. 23, 2016), American actor. He died 5 days before his 72nd birthday.
1942 ~ Daniel Dennett (né Daniel Clement Dannett, III), American philosopher, cognitive scientist and writer. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts.
1936 ~ Mario Vargas Llosa, 1st Marquis of Vargas Llosa, Peruvian author and recipient of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was born in Arequipa, Peru.
1930 ~ Jerome Isaac Friedman, American physicist and recipient of the 1990 Nobel Prize in Physics for showing an internal structure for protons, later known as quarks. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1928 ~ Alexander Grothendieck (d. Nov. 13, 2014), German-born French mathematician. He was a leader in algebraic geometry. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1966. He died at age 86.
1928 ~ Zbrigniew Brzezinski (né Zbigniew Kazimierz Brzezinski; d. May 26, 2017), Polish-born American political scientist who served as the United States National Security Advisor under President Jimmy Carter from January 1977 until January 1981. He was the 10th United States National Security Advisor. His daughter, Mike Brzizinski, is a co-anchor on the MSNBC news show, Morning Joe. He died at age 89.
1926 ~ Doña María del Rosario Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart y de Silva, 18th Duchess of Alba (d. Nov. 20, 2014). She died at age 88.
1921 ~ Jerzy Bielecki (d. Oct. 20, 2011), Polish Catholic social worker who was sent to Auschwitz on suspicion of being a resistance fighter. While in the concentration camp, he met and fell in love with Cyla Cybulaska, a Polish Jew. The two escaped from Auschwitz, but were separated for 39 years. He was 90 years old at the time of his death.
1914 ~ Edmund Muskie (né Edmund Sixtus Muskie; d. Mar. 26, 1914), American politician and long-term senator from Maine. He also served as the 58th United States Secretary of State under President Jimmy Carter from May 1980 until January 1981. He died 2 days before his 82nd birthday.
1910 ~ Queen Ingrid of Sweden (d. Nov. 7, 2000). She became the Queen consort of Demark after her marriage to King Frederick IX of Denmark. She died at age 90.
1909 ~ Nelson Algren (né Nelson Ahlgren Abraham; d. May 9, 1981), American writer. He is best known for his book, The Man with the Golden Arm. He died at age 72.
1907 ~ Swifty Lazar (né Samuel Lazar, also known as Irving Paul Lazar; d. Dec. 30, 1993), American talent agent. He died at age 86 from complications of diabetes.
1905 ~ Marlin Perkins (né Richard Marlin Perkins; d. June 14, 1986), American zoologist and television host of Wild Kingdom. He died of cancer. He was 81 years old at the time of his death.
1899 ~ Gussie Anheuser Busch (né August Anheuser Busch; d. Sept. 29, 1989), American brewer and grandson of the founder of the Anheuser-Busch brewing company. He died at age 90.
1895 ~ Christian Herter (né Christian Archibald Herter; d. Dec. 30, 1966), 53rd United States Secretary of State. He served under President Dwight David Eisenhower from April 1959 until January 1961. He also was the 1st United States Trade Representative under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson from December 1962 through December 1966. He had earlier served as the 59th Governor of Massachusetts from January 1953 to January 1957. He was 71 years old at the time of his death.
1892 ~ Corneille Heymans (d. July 18, 1968), Belgian physiologist and recipient of the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for showing how blood pressure and the oxygen content of blood are transmitted to the brain. He died of a stroke at age 76.
1868 ~ Maxim Gorky (né Alexei Maximovich Peshkov; d. June 18, 1936), Russian author. His birthday is sometimes shown in accordance with the Julian calendar, which would be March 16. He was 68 years old.
1862 ~ Aristide Briand (d. Mar. 7, 1932), French politician and recipient of the 1926 Nobel Peace Prize. He also served several non-consecutives terms as the Prime Minister of France. He died 21 days before his 70th birthday.
1847 ~ Gyula Farkas (d. Dec. 27, 1930), Hungarian mathematician. He died at age 83.
1836 ~ Frederick Pabst (né Johann Gottlieb Friedrich Pabst; d. Jan. 1, 1904), German-born American brewer and founder of the Pabst Brewing Company. He was 67 years old.
1708 ~ Hannah Glasse (d. Sept. 1, 1770), English cookbook writer. She is best known for her book The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy. She died at age 62.
1652 ~ Samuel Sewall (d. Jan. 1, 1730), American judge best known for presiding over the Salem Witch trials. He later apologized for his actions in those trials. He died at age 77.
1613 ~ Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang (d. Jan. 27, 1688), Chinese Grand Empress Dowager of the Qing Dynasty. She was the 4th wife of Hong Taiji, 1st Emperor of the Qing dynasty. She died at age 74.
1515 ~ St. Teresa of Ávila (d. Oct. 4, 1582), Spanish nun, mystic and saint. She died at age 67.
1472 ~ Fra Bartolomeo (d. Oct. 31, 1517), Italian artist. He died at age 45.
931 ~ Liu Chengyou (d. Jan. 2, 951), Chinese Emperor of the Later Han dynasty. He was the second and last emperor of the short-lived Later Han dynasty. He reigned from March 948 until his death 3 years later. He was killed at age 19.
Events that Changed the World:
2005 ~ An 8.7 magnitude earthquake, known as the 2005 Sumatra earthquake, hit Indonesia.
1990 ~ Jesse Owens (1913 ~ 1980) was posthumously awarded the Congressional Gold Medal.
1979 ~ The Three Mile Island nuclear reactor, just outside of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, failed causing a major meltdown, creating the United States’ worst commercial nuclear accident.
1970 ~ The 7.2 magnitude Gediz earthquake in western Turkey killed over 1000 people and injured over 1200 individuals.
1959 ~ The State Council of the People’s Republic of China dissolved the Government of Tibet.
1933 ~ The Imperial Airways biplane City of Liverpool is believed to be the first airline to be lost to sabotage or terrorism. It is believed that a passenger set a fire aboard during flight causing the crash. All 15 passengers and flight crew were killed.
1930 ~ The names of the cities of Constantinople and Angora in Turkey were changed to Istanbul and Ankara, respectively.
1920 ~ A tornado outbreak, which occurred on Palm Sunday, affected the Great Lakes area and the southern States.
1865 ~ The first hospital ambulance service in the United States began operating in Cincinnati, Ohio.
1854 ~ France and Britain declared war on Russia during the Crimean War.
1814 ~ During the War of 1812, in the Battle of Valparaíso off the coast of Chile, two American naval vessels were captured by two British naval vessels.
Good-Byes:
2017 ~ Lou Duva (né Louis Duva, b. May 28, 1922), American scrappy boxing manager who trained champs. He managed such boxing champions as Evander Holyfield and Darren van Horn over a 7-decade career. He died at age 94.
2014 ~ Jeremiah Denton, Jr. (né Jeremiah Andrew Denton, Jr.; b. July 15, 1924), the American Admiral POW who defied his captors. He later became a United States Senator from Alabama from 1981 to 1987. He died at age 89.
2014 ~ Lorenzo Semple (né Lorenzo Elliot Semple; b. Mar. 27, 1923), American screen writer who made Batman funny on the television series. He died one day after his 91st birthday.
2013 ~ Elwin Wilson (b. Sept. 17, 1936), American Klansman who apologized to his victims. In the early 1960s, he participated in beatings of individuals, including Freedom Rider John Lewis. His actions later haunted him and nearly 50 years later, he made a formal, public apology. He died at age 76.
2012 ~ Earl Scruggs (né Earl Eugene Scruggs; b. Jan. 6, 1924), American virtuoso who popularized the banjo. He was known for bluegrass music. He died at age 88.
2009 ~ Maurice Jarre (né Maurice-Alexis Jarre, b. Sept. 13, 1924), French composer. Many of his compositions were in movies. He was 84 years old.
2006 ~ Caspar Weinberger (né Caspar Willard Weinberger, b. Aug. 18, 1917), American politician and 15th United States Secretary of Defense. He served as Secretary of Defense under President Ronald Reagan from January 1981 until November 1987. He had previously served as the 10th United States Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare under Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. He died of pneumonia at age 88 in Bangor, Maine.
2004 ~ Sir Peter Ustinov (né Peter Alexander Freiherr von Ustinov; b. Apr. 16, 1921), British actor. He died 19 days before his 83rd birthday.
1994 ~ Eugène Ionesco (b. Nov. 26, 1909), Romanian-Franch playwright. He was born in Slatina, Romania. He died at age 84 in Paris, France.
1987 ~ Maria von Trapp (b. Jan. 26, 1905), Austrian-born singer and subject of the movie, The Sound of Music. She was the stepmother and matriarch of the Von Trapp Family. She died at 82.
1985 ~ Marc Chagall (né Moishe Shagal; b. July 7, 1887), Russian-born painter. He is best known as one of the world’s preeminent Jewish artists and is best known for creating the Jerusalem windows at the Hadassah Medical Center in Jerusalem. His father was a fish merchant, so he often incorporated fish into his work to honor his father. He died at age 97.
1982 ~ William Giauque (né William Francis Giauque; b. May 12, 1895), Canadian-born American chemist and recipient of the 1949 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 86.
1979 ~ Emmett Kelly (né Emmett Leo Kelly; b. Dec. 9, 1898), American clown. He died of myocardial infarction at age 80.
1969 ~ Dwight David Eisenhower (b. Oct. 14, 1890), American General and 34th President of the United States. He served as President from January 1953 until January 1961. He had previously served as the 1st Supreme Allied Commander of Europe from April 1951 until May 1952. He was also the 16th Chief of Staff of the Army under President Harry S Truman, from November 1945 until February 1948. He was born in Denison, Texas. He died of heart failure at age 78 in Washington, D.C.
1969 ~ Aryeh Levin (b. Mar. 22, 1885), Lithuanian Orthodox rabbi. He died 6 days after his 84th birthday.
1957 ~ Christopher Morley (b. May 5, 1890), American journalist. He died at age 66.
1953 ~ Jim Thorpe (né James Francis Thorpe; b. May 28, 1887), Native American athlete and Olympian Gold Medalist. He won gold medals at the 1912 Olympics, however, after it was learned that he had briefly played professional football, he was stripped of his medals. In 1983, the medals restored his Olympic medals. The exact date in May of his birth is unknown and is sometimes recorded as May 22. He died at age 65.
1943 ~ Sergei Rachmaninoff (b. Apr. 1, 1873), Russian composer, pianist and conductor. He died 4 days before his 70th birthday.
1941 ~ Virginia Woolf (née Adeline Virginia Stephen; b. Jan. 25, 1882), English writer. She was born in London, England. She died by suicide by drowning at age 59 in Lewes, England.
1929 ~ Katharine Lee Bates (b. Aug. 12, 1859), American songwriter. She composed America the Beautiful in 1893 while admiring the view from the top of Pike’s Peak in Colorado. She was born in Falmouth, Massachusetts and died in Wellesley, Massachusetts at age 69.
1910 ~ David Josiah Brewer (b. June 20, 1837), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Benjamin Harrison. He served on the Court from December 1889 until his death on this date 21 years later. He replaced Stanley Matthews on the Court. He was succeeded by Charles Hughes. He was born in Izmir, Turkey. He died in Washington, D.C., at age 72.
1893 ~ Edmund Kirby Smith (b. May 16, 1824), Confederate General during the American Civil War. A dormitory at Louisiana State University was named in his honor. He died of pneumonia at age 68.
1881 ~ Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (b. Mar. 21, 1839), Russian composer. He is best known for his opera Boris Godunov. He died 7 days after his 42nd birthday.
1874 ~ Peter Andreas Hansen (b. Dec. 8, 1795), Danish astronomer and mathematician. He died at age 78.
1850 ~ Gerard Brandon (né Gerard Chittocque Brandon, b. Sept. 15, 1788), Governor of Mississippi. He served two terms as Governor. He died at age 61.
1828 ~ Dr. William Thornton (b. May 20, 1759), American physician and architect. He is best known for designing the United States Capitol. He died at age 68.
1757 ~ Robert-François Damiens (b. Jan. 9, 1715), French domestic servant who attempted to assassinate King Louis XV of France. He is known for being the last person in France to be executed by drawing and quartering. He was 42 at the time of his execution.
1584 ~ Tsar Ivan IV of Russia (b. Aug. 25, 1530). He was known as Ivan the Terrible. This is the traditional date of his birthday under the Gregorian calendar. Using the Julian calendar, is birthdate is considered to be March18. He was the first Tsar of All Russia and he ruled from January 1547 until his death 27 years later. He died at age 53 from a stroke while playing chess.
1285 ~ Pope Martin IV (né Simon de Brion; b. 1220). He was Pope from February 1281 until his death on this date 4 years later. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
1241 ~ Valdemar II of Denmark (b. May 9, 1170). He was known as Vlademar the Conqueror. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but is believed to have been in May 1170. He died at age 70.
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