Birthdays:
1964~ Courtney Love (née Courtney Michelle Harrison), American musician. She was married to musician Kurt Cobain.
1957~ Kelly McGillis (née Kelly Ann McGillis), American actress.
1956~ Tom Hanks (né Thomas Jeffrey Hanks), American actor.
1955~ Jimmy Smits, American actor.
1951~ Chris Cooper (né Christopher Walton Cooper), American actor.
1947~ O.J. Simpson (né Orenthal James Simpson), American football player. He was acquitted of the 1994 murder his former wife, Nicole Simpson and her friend, Ron Goldman. In 2007, he was arrested and convicted of armed robbery.
1938~ Brian Dennehy (né Brian Manion Dennehy), American actor.
1937~ Roberto Gervaso, Italian author.
1937~ David Hockney, English painter.
1933~ Oliver Sacks (né Oliver Wolf Sacks; d. Aug. 30, 2015), English neurologist and author who explored the human mind. He was 82 years old.
1932~ Amitzur Shapiro (d. Sept. 6, 1972), Israeli runner. He was murdered at age 40 at the 1972 Munich Olympics.
1932~ Donald Rumsfeld (né Donald Henry Rumsfeld), 12th and 21st United States Secretary of Defense. He served under Presidents Gerald Ford from November 1975 until January 1977 and again from January 2001 until December 2006 during the George W. Bush administration. He also served as the 6th White House Chief of Staff from September 1974 until November 1975 during the Ford administration.
1927~ Ed Ames (né Edmund Dantes Urick), American actor best known for his portrayal of Mingo on the TV series, Daniel Boone. He was born in Malden, Massachusetts.
1926~ Ben Roy Mottelson, American physicist and recipient of the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physics.
1918~ Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn (d. Feb. 17, 2012), Dutch mathematician. He died at age 93.
1916~ Sir Edward Heath (né Edward Richard George Heath; d. July 17, 2005), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He was Prime Minister during the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, from June 1970 until March 1974. He died 13 days weeks after his 89th birthday.
1911~ John A. Wheeler (né John Archibald Wheeler; d. Apr. 13, 2008), American theoretical physicist. He died at age 96.
1901~ Dame Barbara Cartland (née Mary Barbara Hamilton Cartland; d. May 21, 2000), English romance writer. She was the step-grandmother of Diana, Princess of Wales. She died at age 98.
1819~ Elias Howe, Jr. (d. Oct. 3, 1867), American inventor who is credited with inventing the sewing machine. He was from Massachusetts. He died at age 48 of gout.
1764~ Ann Radcliffe (né Ann Ward; d. Feb. 7, 1823), English novelist. She is considered one of the pioneers of the Gothic novel. She died at age 58.
1713~ John Newbery (d. Dec. 22, 1767), English publisher known as the Father of Children’s Literature. The Newbery Award for children’s literature is named after him. He died at age 54.
1578~ Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. Feb. 15, 1637). He reigned from August 1619 until his death in 1637. He died at age 58.
1511~ Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg (d. Oct. 7, 1571), Queen consort of Denmark and Norway from 1534 until the death of her husband, Christian III in 1559. She died 12 years later at age 60.
Events that Changed the World:
2018~ Anticipated date of “Day Zero” in Cape Town, South Africa, when the town will have exhausted most of its potable water supply. The day was delayed, however, water shortages continues to be an issue in Cape Town.
2011~ South Sudan gained its independence and seceded from The Sudan.
1986~ The Parliament of New Zealand passed the Homosexual Law Reform Act legalizing homosexuality in that country.
1982~ Pan Am Flight 759 crashed shortly after takeoff in Kenner, Louisiana, killing all 145 people aboard and 8 people on the ground.
1981~ The Nintendo video game, Donkey Kong, was released.
1947~ The engagement of British’s future Queen Elizabeth to Lt. Philip Mountbatten was announced.
1918~ In Nashville, Tennessee, an in bound local train collided with an outbound express train in what became known as the Great Train Wreck of 1918. Over 100 people were killed and 171 were injured, making this one of the deadliest train accidents in the United States.
1900~ During the Boxer Rebellion, the Governor of Shanxi province in North China ordered the execution of 45 foreign Christian missionaries and local church members, including children.
1893~ Daniel Hale Williams (1856 ~ 1931), performed the first successful open-heart surgery in the United States. The surgery, which was performed in Chicago, was without the benefit of anesthesia on a patient who had been stabbed in the heart.
1877~ The first Wimbledon tennis tournament was held.
1868~ The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified, granting African American men full citizenship.
1863~ The Siege of Port Hudson, Louisiana during the American Civil War ended. This gave the Union Army complete control of the Mississippi River.
1850~ Millard Fillmore (1800 ~ 1874) became the 13th President of the United States following the death of President Zachary Taylor (1784 ~ 1850).
1816~ Argentina declared its independence from Spain.
1815~ Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (1754 ~ 1838) became the first Prime Minister of France.
1776~ The Declaration of Independence was read aloud to the members of the Continental Army on orders of George Washington (1732 ~ 1799).
1540~ King Henry VIII (1491 ~ 1547) of England annulled his marriage to Anne of Cleves (1515 ~ 1557), his fourth wife.
1357~ Construction of the Charles Bridge in Prague began under the auspices of Charles IV (1316 ~ 1378), the Holy Roman Emperor.
869~ A massive earthquake and subsequent tsunami struck the northern part of Honshu, Japan.
Good-Byes:
2018~ Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington (né Peter Alexander Rupert Carington; b. June 6, 1919), English politician and 6th Secretary General of NATO. He served as the NATO General Secretary from June 1984 until July 1988. He died about a month after his 99thbirthday.
2016~ Sydney Schanberg (né Sydney Hillel Schanberg; b. Jan. 17, 1934) American journalist who covered Cambodia during the period known as The Killing Fields in the 1970s. He was born in Clinton, Massachusetts. He died at age 82 of a heart attack.
2015~ Michael Masser (b. Mar 24, 1941), American ex-stockbroker who wrote hit romantic ballads. He died at age 74.
2014~ Eileen Ford (née Eileen Cecile Ottensosor, b. Mar. 25, 1922), American businesswoman and co-founder of Ford Models. She was the modeling agent who created the supermodel. She died in Morristown, New Jersey at age 92.
2004~ Isabel Sanford (née Eloise Gwendolyn Sanford; b. Aug 29, 1917), American actress best known for her role as “Weezy” Jefferson on the sit-com The Jeffersons. She died at age 86.
1992~ Eric Sevareid (né Arnold Eric Sevareid, b. Nov. 26, 1912), American journalist. He died at age 79.
1979~ Cornelia Otis Skinner (b. May 30, 1901), American writer and actress. She died in Fall River, Massachusetts at age 80.
1977~ Alice Paul (née Alice Stokes Paul; b. Jan. 11, 1885), American suffragist and social activist. She was from New Jersey. She died at age 92.
1974~ Earl Warren (b. Mar. 19, 1891), 14th Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He served on the Court from October 1953 until June 1969. He replaced Fred Vinson on the Court. He was succeeded by Warren Burger. He had previously headed the investigation into the death of President John F. Kennedy and its subsequent report became known as the Warren Commission. He died at age 83.
1938~ Benjamin Cardozo (né Benjamin Nathan Cardozo; b. May 24, 1870), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Herbert Hoover. He replaced Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., on the Court. He was succeeded by Felix Frankfurter. He served on the Court from March 1932 until his death 6 years later. He died of a heart attack at age 68.
1932~ King Gillette (né King Camp Gillett; b. Jan. 5, 1855), American inventor credited with creating the safety razor. He was also the founder of the Gillette Company. He died at age 77.
1923~ William R. Day (né William Rufus Day; b. Apr. 17, 1849), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Theodore Roosevelt. He replaced George Shiras on the Court. He was succeeded by George Shiras, Jr. He served on the Court from February 1903 until November 1922. He had previously served for 6 months as the 36th United States Secretary of State in the William McKinley administration. He died at age 74.
1914~ Fred A. Busse (b. Mar. 3, 1866), 39th Mayor of Chicago. He served as Mayor from 1907 until 1911. He died at age 48 of heart disease.
1880~ Paul Broca (né Pierre Paul Broca; b. June 28, 1824), French physician. He is best known for his research on the frontal lobe that now bears his name ~ the Broca area of the brain. He died of a brain aneurysm 11 days after his 56th birthday.
1856~ Amedeo Avogadro (né Amedeo Carlo Avogadro; b. Aug. 9, 1776), Italian chemist. He is best known for his contribution to molecular theory, now known as Avogadro’s law. He died a month before his 80th birthday.
1852~ Thomas McKennan (né Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan; b. Mar. 31, 1794), 2nd United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President Millard Fillmore, but only for 11 days from August 15 until August 26, 1850, because he found the job too stressful. He died 2 years later at age 58.
1850~ Zachary Taylor (b. Nov. 24, 1784), 12th President of the United States. He died suddenly after eating raw fruit and iced milk after only 16 months following his inauguration. He was 65 years old.
1828~ Gilbert Stuart (né Gilbert Charles Stewart, b. Dec. 3, 1755), American painter, best known for his portrayal of George Washington. He died in Boston, Massachusetts at age 72.
1797~ Edmund Burke (b. Jan. 12, 1729), Irish philosopher and statesman. He died at age 68.
1774~ Anna Manzolini (née Anna Morandi; b. Jan. 21, 1714), Italian anatomist. She was a lecturer of anatomy at the University of Bologna. Her husband was a professor of anatomy. After he died, she took over his position at the university. She died at age 60.
1737~ Gian Gastone de’Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. May 24, 1671). He died at age 66.
1706~ Pierre Le Moyne d’Iberville (b. July 16, 1661), French-Canadian explorer and founder of the colony of Louisiana. His brother, Jean-Baptiste le Moyne de Bienville, founded New Orleans. He died of yellow fever a week before his 45th birthday.
1441~ Jan van Eyck, Dutch painter. The date of his birth is unknown.
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