Birthdays:
1970~ Julie Bowen (née Julie Bowen Luetkemeyer), American actress.
1959~ Ira Glass (né Ira Jeffrey Glass), American radio host of This American Life. He began working for NPR as an intern at age 19.
1940~ Perry Ellis (né Perry Edwin Ellis, d. May 30, 1986), American fashion designer. He died at age 46.
1935~ Želju Mitev Želev (d. Jan. 30, 2015), President of Bulgaria from January 1992 until January 1997. He died at age 79.
1933~ Lee Radziwiłł (née Caroline Lee Bouvier; d. Feb. 15, 2019), American socialite who lived in Camelot’s shadow. She was the younger sister of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. Her second husband was Prince Stanisław Albrecht Radziwiłł, thus making her Princess Caroline Radziwiłł. She died 16 days before her 86th birthday.
1928~ Bernice Sandler (née Bernice Resnick; d. Jan. 5, 2019), American Title IX activist who battled discrimination. She was a women’s right activist who was instrumental in the enactment of Title IX. She died at age 90.
1926~ James Merrill (né James Ingram Merrill; d. Feb. 6, 1995), American poet. He was the son of Charles Merrill, the founder of Merrill Lynch. He died of a heart attack less than a month before his 69th birthday.
1923~ Barney Martin (d. Mar. 21, 2005), New York City Police detective and actor. He is best known for playing Morty Seinfeld on the television sitcom, Seinfeld. He died of bladder cancer 18 days after his 82nd birthday.
1923~ Doc Watson (né Arthel Land Watson; d. May 29, 2012), American guitarist who was blind. He died at age 89.
1921~ Dorian Paskowitz (d. Nov. 10, 2014), American physician gave up the practice of medicine to become a surfing icon. He died at age 93.
1918~ Arthur Kornberg (d. Oct. 26, 2007), American biochemist and winner of the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died at age 89.
1916~ Paul Halmos (né Paul Richard Halmos; d. Oct. 2, 2006), Hungarian-born mathematician. He died at age 90.
1911~ Jean Harlow (née Harlean Harlow Carpenter; d. June 7, 1937), American actress. She died of kidney disease at age 26.
1898~ Emil Artin (d. Dec. 20, 1962), German mathematician. He was married to Natalya Naumovna Yasnaya, also a mathematician. He died of a heart attack at age 64.
1895~ Ragnar Frisch (né Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch; d. Jan. 31, 1973), Norwegian economist and recipient of the 1969 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. He died at age 77.
1893~ Beatrice Wood (d. Mar. 12, 1998), American illustrator and potter. She died 9 days after her 105th birthday.
1882~ Charles Ponzi (né Carlo Pietro Giovanni Guglielmo; d. Jan. 18, 1949), Italian-born criminal, for whom the term Ponzi scheme was named. He was sentenced to 5 years in federal prison on fraud charges. After being released from federal prison, the State of Massachusetts charged him with 22 counts of larceny. He died in Brazil at age 66.
1882~ Elisabeth Abegg (née Luise Wilehmine Elisabeth Abegg; d. Aug. 8, 1974), German educator and anti-Nazi resistance fighter. She sheltered over 80 Jews during World War II and is recognized a Righteous Among the Nations in Jerusalem. She died at age 92.
1878~ Edward Thomas (né Philip Edward Thomas; d. Apr. 9, 1917), British poet. He was killed in action during World War I about a month after his 39th birthday.
1866~ Fred A. Busse (d. July 9, 1914), 39th Mayor of Chicago. He served as Mayor from 1907 until 1911. He died at age 48 of heart disease.
1847~ Alexander Graham Bell (d. Aug. 2, 1922), Scottish-born inventor, best known for his invention of the telephone. He died of complications of diabetes at age 75 in Nova Scotia.
1845~ Georg Cantor (né Georg Ferdinand Ludwig Philipp Cantor; d. Jan. 6, 1918). German mathematician. He died of a heart attack at age 72.
1840~ Chief Joseph (d. Sept. 21, 1904), Native American Nez Perce leader. He died at age 64.
1838~ George William Hill (d. Apr. 16, 1914), American mathematician and astronomer. He died at age 76.
1831~ George Pullman (né George Mortimer Pullman; d. Oct. 19, 1897), American businessman and inventor. He founded the Pullman Company, which built railroad sleeping cars. He died of a heart attack at age 66.
1455~ John II of Portugal (d. Oct. 25, 1495). He served as King of Portugal twice, first for a few days in November 1477, and then from August 1481 until his death 14 years later. He died at age 40.
Events that Changed the World:
2014~ The murder trial of Oscar Pistorius (b. 1986) began in Pretoria, South Africa. Pistorius was a double amputee Olympic sprinter who was convicted of murdering his live-in girlfriend, Reeva Steemkamp (1983 ~ 2013).
2005~ Steve Fossett (1944 ~ 2007) became the first person solo around the world non-stop in a fixed-wing aircraft balloon airplane without refueling. He began the 67 hour flight on February 28. Steve Fossett would presumably die after the plane he was flying over the Great Basin Desert in Nevada in 2007 failed to return.
1991~ The beating of Rodney King (1965 ~ 2012) by Los Angeles police officers was caught on an amateur video.
1985~ An 8.3 magnitude earthquake hit the Valparaíso Region in Chile. Approximately 177 people were killed and a million were left homeless.
1969~ NASA launched Apollo 9 to test the lunar module.
1938~ Oil was discovered in Saudi Arabia.
1931~ The Star-Spangled Banner was adopted as the national anthem of the United States.
1923~ The first issue of the news magazine Time was published.
1913~ Thousands of women marched in Washington, D.C. in a suffrage parade.
1891~ The Shoshone National Forest in Wyoming was established and became the first national forest in the United States.
1885~ The American Telephone & Telegraph Company was incorporated.
1875~ The opera Carmen, by Georges Bizet (1838 ~ 1875), premiered in Paris.
1873~ The United States Congress enacted the Comstock Law, which made it illegal to send any “obscene, lewd, or lascivious” books through the mail.
1865~ The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, Ltd., was established when Hong Kong was a colony of the British Empire. It is a founding member of the HSBC Group, which is one of the oldest banking groups in the world.
1861~ Tsar Alexander II (1818 ~ 1881) of Russia signed the Emancipation Manifesto, which freed the serfs.
1845~ Florida became the 27th State of the Union.
1820~ The Missouri Compromise, which prohibited slavery in the unorganized territories of the Great Plains, but continued to permit slavery in slave states, was approved by the United States Congress.
1284~ The Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England. This statute was overruled under the rule of King Henry VIII (1491 ~ 1547) when Wales was totally incorporated into the realm of England.
Good-Byes:
2018~ David Ogden Stiers (né David Allen Ogden Stiers; b. Oct. 31, 1942), American actor best known for his role as Major Charles Emerson Winchester, III on the television sit-com M*A*S*H. He died of cancer at age 75.
2018~ Sir Roger Bannister (né Roger Gilbert Bannister; b. Mar. 23, 1929), English student athlete who was the first to run a mile in under 4 minutes. He went on to become a neurologist. He died 20 days before his 89th birthday.
2017~ Joseph Rogers (né Joseph Wilson Rogers; b. Nov. 30, 1919), American businessman and Waffle House co-founder who put the customer first. He died at age 97.
2014~ Sherwin Bernard Nuland (né Shepsel Ber Nudelman; b. Dec. 8, 1930), American surgeon who demystified dying. He wrote extensively about death with dignity. He died of prostate cancer at age 83.
2014~ William R. Pogue (né William Reid Pogue; b. Jan. 23, 1930), American astronaut who staged a strike in space. In November 1973, he and two other astronauts docked on Skylab, where they lived for 84 days. They were required to work all the time and so staged a strike. Ground control eased up their workload. He died at age 84.
2014~ Kurt Chew-Een Lee (b. Jan. 21, 1926), Chinese-American officer-hero who changed the Marines. He was the first Marine office of Chinese descent. He died at age 88.
2010~ Michael Foot (né Michael Mackintosh Foot; b. July 23, 1913), British fiery Laborite who challenged Margaret Thatcher. He began his career as a journalist before entering politics. He died at age 96.
2008~ Giuseppe Di Stefano (b. July 24, 1921), Italian tenor whose career was cut short when he was brutally attacked outside his home in Kenya. He was beaten by an unknown assailant and never recovered. He was 86 years old.
1999~ Gerhard Herzberg (né Gerhard Heinrich Friedrich Otto Julius Herzberg; b. Dec. 25, 1904), German-born Canadian physicist and chemist. He was the recipient of the 1971 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his contributions to the knowledge of electron structure and geometry of molecules, especially free radicals. He died at age 94.
1993~ Albert Sabin (néAlbert Saperstein; b. Aug. 26, 1906), Polish-born American medical researcher, best known for his role in developing the oral polio vaccine. He died of heart failure at age 86.
1991~ William Penney, Baron Penney (né William George Penney; b. June 24, 1909), English mathematician. He died at age 81.
1991~ Arthur Murray (né Moses Teichman; b. Apr. 4, 1895), American dancer and dance instructor. He was born in Galicia but emigrated to the United States in 1897. He died a month before his 96th birthday.
1990~ Charlotte Moore Sitterly (né Charlotte Emma Moore; b. Sept. 24, 1898), American astronomer. She died of heart failure at age 91.
1987~ Danny Kaye (né David Daniel Kaminsky; b. Jan. 18, 1911), American actor, singer and comedian. He died of heart failure at age 76.
1981~ Rebecca Lancefield (née Rebecca Craighill; b. Jan. 5, 1905), American microbiologist. Her work focused on group A streptococci and its relation to rheumatic fever. She died following complications of a broken hip at age 86.
1966~ William Frawley (b. Feb. 26, 1887), American actor best known for his role as Fred Mertz on the I Love Lucy show. He died of a heart attack 5 days after his 79th birthday.
1959~ Lou Costello (né Louis Francis Cristillo; b. Mar. 6, 1906), American actor and comedian. He is best known for his comedy partner, Bud Abbott, and their act of Abbott and Costello. He died of a heart attack 3 days before his 53rd birthday.
1955~ Katharine Drexel (b. Nov. 26, 1858), American nun and Roman Catholic Saint. She is the first American Catholic Saint. She died at age 96.
1901~ George Gilman (b. 1826), American businessman and founder the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company, also known as the A&P. He was from Waterville, Maine. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
1703~ Robert Hooke (b. July 28, 1635), English scientist. He is best known for his investigations with the microscope. He died at age 67.
1605~ Pope Clement VIII (né Ippolito Aldobrandini; b. Feb. 24, 1536). He was Pope from February 1592 until his death 13 years later. He died a week after his 69th birthday.
1593~ Valentin Naboth (b. Feb. 13, 1523), German mathematician. He died less than a month after his 70th birthday.
1542~ Arthur Plangagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle, Illegitimate son of King Edward IV of England. The date of his birth is not known.
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