Birthdays:
1982~ Anne Hathaway (née Anne Jacqueline Hathaway), American actress.
1980~ Ryan Gosling (né Ryan Thomas Gosling), Canadian-American actor.
1970~ Tonya Harding (née Tonya Maxene Price), American figure skater. She is best known for her involvement in the attack on Nancy Kerrigan, a fellow skater.
1968~ Sammy Sosa (né Samuel Kelvin Peralta Sosa), Dominican-born American baseball player.
1961~ Nadia Comӑneci (néeNadia Elena Comӑneci), Romanian gymnast.
1943~ Wallace Shawn (né Wallace Michael Shawn); American actor.
1936~ Heiner Zieschang (d. Apr. 5, 2004), German mathematician. His field of mathematics was topology. He died at age 67.
1934~ Charles Manson (né Charles Milles Maddox, d. Nov. 19, 2017), American cult leader and convicted murderer. He died in prison 7 days after his 83rd birthday.
1929~ Grace Kelly (née Grace Patricia Kelly; d. Sept. 14, 1982), American actress and Princess Grace of Monaco. Upon her marriage, she became the Princess consort of Monaco. She was killed at age 52 from injuries sustained in a car accident.
1927~ Yutaka Taniyama (d. Nov. 17, 1958), Japanese mathematician. He committed suicide 5 days after his 31st birthday.
1922~ Jim Bellows (b. Mar. 6, 2009), American scrappy newspaper editor who loved a good fight. He died of Alzheimer’s disease at age 86.
1917~ Jo Stafford (née Jo Elizabeth Stafford, d. July 16, 2008), the American pop singer who was a World War II favorite. She died at age 90.
1908~ Harry Blackmun (né Harry Andrew Blackmun; d. Mar. 4, 1999), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Richard Nixon. He served on the Court from June 1970 until August 1994. He is best known as being the author of Roe v. Wade. He died at age 90.
1889~ DeWitt Wallace (né William Roy DeWitt Wallace, d. Mar. 30, 1981), American publisher and co-founder along with his wife, Lila Wallace (1889 ~ 1984), of Reader’s Digest. He died at age 91.
1866~ Sun Yat-sen (d. Mar. 12, 1925), Chinese revolutionary and politician. He was the 1st President of the Republic of China. He died of liver cancer at age 58.
1842~ John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh (né John William Strutt; d. June 30, 1919), English physicist and recipient of the 1904 Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of argon. He died at age 76.
1840~ Auguste Rodin (né François-Auguste René Rodin; d. Nov. 17, 1917), French sculptor. He died 5 days after his 77th birthday.
1815~ Elizabeth Cady Stanton (née Elizabeth Cady; d. Oct. 26, 1902), American feminist and suffragette. She died 17 days before her 87th birthday.
1790~ Letitia Tyler (née Letitia Christian, d. Sept. 10, 1842), First Lady of the United States and first wife of President John Tyler. She died at age 51 while her husband was in Office, thereby becoming the first wife of a President to die while in office.
1746~ Jacques Charles (né Jacques Alexandre César Charles; d. Apr. 7, 1823), French physicist and mathematician. He died at age 76.
1606~ Jeanne Mance (d. June 18, 1673), French-Canadian nurse and founder of the Hôtel-Dieu do Montréal. She died at age 66.
Events that Changed the World:
2018~ Veteran’s Day observed in the United States.
1999~ A 7.2 earthquake struck in Düzce, Turkey killing nearly 900 people.
1997~ Ramzi Yousef (b. 1968) was found guilty of masterminding the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. He received a life imprisonment sentence.
1990~ Crown Prince Akihito (b. 1933) was formally installed as Emperor of Japan, becoming the 125th Japanese monarch.
1990~ Sir Timothy Bernes-Lee (b. 1955), best known as being the inventor of the World Wide Web, first published a proposal for the World Wide Web.
1979~ President Jimmy Carter (b. 1924) ordered that all oil imports into the United States from Iran be stopped as his response to the Iran Hostage Crisis.
1969~ Investigative journalist Seymour Hersh (b. 1937) first reported on the My Lai Massacre, in which American soldiers committed the mass murder of over 400 unarmed civilians in South Vietnam. Most of the victims were women and children.
1954~ Ellis Island closed after having processed over 20 million immigrants since 1892.
1942~ The Navel Battle of Guadalcanal between Japanese and American forces began during World War II. The battle lasted for three days. American forces prevailed.
1936~ The San Francisco – Oakland Bay Bridge opened to the public.
1933~ Hugh Gray (1916 ~ 2002) published the first known photographs of the Loch Ness Monster.
1927~ Leon Trotsky (1879 ~ 1940) was expelled from the Soviet Communist Party. Joseph Stalin (1878 ~ 1953), therefore, gained control of the Soviet Union.
1918~ Austria became a republic.
1912~ The bodies of Robert Scott (1868 ~ 1912) and his men were found on the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica.
1905~ Norway held a referendum in favor of a monarchy over a republic.
1555~ The English Parliament re-established Catholicism as the state religion.
1439~ Plymouth, England became the first town incorporated by the English Parliament.
Good-Byes:
2017~ Liz Smith (née Mary Elizabeth Smith, b. Feb. 2, 1923), American gossip columnist who befriended the stars. She died at age 94.
2014~ Valery Senderov (b. Mar. 17, 1945), Russian dissident and mathematician. He was known for his advocacy against state-sponsored anti-Semitism. He died at age 69.
2013~ Mavis Batey (née Mavis Lilian Lever; b. May 5, 1921), British code-breaker who cracked Nazi communications. She died at age 92.
2011~ Evelyn Lauder (née Evelyn Hausner, b. Aug. 12, 1936), American breast cancer survivor who campaigned with pink ribbons. She was the daughter-in-law of cosmetics magnate Estée Lauder. She died at age 75.
2010~ Henryk Górecki (né Henryk Mikołaj Górecki; b. Dec. 6, 1933), Polish composer who shed dissonance and found success. He died of complications from a lung infection 24 days before his 77th birthday.
2010~ Theodore W. Kheel (né Theodore Woodrow Kheel, b. May 9, 1914), American labor lawyer with a knack for compromise. He was 96 years old.
2007~ Ira Levin (né Ira Marvin Levin, b. Aug. 27, 1929), American author. He is best known for such novels as The Stepford Wives and Rosemary’s Baby. He died at age 78.
2000~ Leah Rabin (b. Apr. 8, 1928), wife of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. She died of lung cancer at age 72.
1998~ Sally Shlaer (b. Dec. 3, 1938), American mathematician. She died 21 days before her 60th birthday.
1994~ Wilma Rudolph (née Wilma Glodean Rudolph, b. June 23, 1940), American runner. She died at age 54 of cancer.
1993~ H.R. Haldemann (né Harry Robbins Haldemann, b. Oct. 27, 1926), American politician and 4th White House Chief of Staff. He served under President Nixon from January 1969 until April 1973. He was involved in the Watergate scandal cover-up. He was convicted of perjury, conspiracy and obstruction of justice for which he spent 18 months in a federal prison. He died abdominal cancer 16 days after his 67th birthday.
1990~ Eve Arden (née Eunice Mary Quedens, b. Apr. 30, 1908), American actress. She died at age 82 of heart disease.
1981~ William Holden (né William Franklin Beedle, Jr., b. Apr. 17, 1918), American actor. He is best known for his role in Network. He bled to death as a result of a fall. He was 63 years old.
1958~ James Michael Curley (b. Nov. 20, 1874), 4-term Mayor of Boston and 53rd Governor of Massachusetts. He was born and died in Boston, Massachusetts. He died 8 days before his 84th birthday.
1944~ George David Birkhoff (b. Mar. 21, 1884), American mathematician. He died in Cambridge, Massachusetts at age 60.
1944~ Otto Blumenthal (né Ludwig Otto Blumenthal, b. July 20, 1876), German mathematician. He died in the Theresienstadt concentration camp at age 68.
1926~ Joseph Gurney Cannon (b. May 7, 1836), Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. He served in this office from November 1903 until March 1911, during the terms of Presidents Taft and Roosevelt. He was a member of Congress from Illinois. He died at age 90.
1916~ Percival Lowell (b. Mar. 13, 1855), American astronomer and mathematician. He founded the Lowell Observatory in Arizona. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died of a stroke at age 61.
1857~ Manuel Oribe (b. Aug. 26, 1792), 2nd Constitutional President of Uruguay. He was in Office from March 1835 until October 1838. He died at age 65.
1793~ Jean Sylvain Bailly (b. Sept. 15, 1736), French mathematician and 1st Mayor of Paris. He was an early leader in the French revolution, but he refused to testify against Marie Antoinette, thus he was arrested and ultimately guillotined. He was age 57 at the time of his execution.
1742~ Friedrich Hoffmann (b. Feb. 19, 1660), German physician and chemist. He died at age 82.
1094~ King Duncan II of Scotland (b. 1060). The exact date of his birth is not known.
1035~ Cnut the Great (b. 995), Danish-English king. He ruled England from 1016 until his death 19 years later.
607~ Pope Boniface III (b. 504). He was Pope from February 19, 607 until his death 9 months later. The date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about 67 at the time of his death.
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