Birthdays:
1981~ Serena Williams (née Serena Jameka Williams), American tennis player.
1962~ Mark Haddon, English writer, best known for his novel, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time.
1948~ Olivia Newton-John, Australian singer and songwriter.
1947~ Lynn Anderson (née Lynn Rene Anderson, d. July 30, 2015), American singer. She died at age 67 of a heart attack.
1946~ Andrea Dworkin (née Andrea Rita Dworkin, d. Apr. 9, 2005), American feminist activist and writer. She died of myocarditis at age 58.
1946~ Christine Todd Whitman (née Christine Temple Todd), American politician and 50th Governor of New Jersey. She was Governor from January 1994 until January 2001. She was appointed as the 9th Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency by President George W. Bush. She served in that office from January 2001 until June 2003.
1944~ Jan Brewer (né Janice Jay Drinkwine), 22nd Governor of Arizona. She was Governor from January 2009 until January 2015.
1938~ Andrey Lukanov (d. Oct. 2, 1996), 40th Prime Minister of Bulgaria. He served as Prime Minister from February 1990 until December 1990. He was the last Communist Prime minister. He was assassinated 5 days after his 58thbirthday.
1937~ Jerry Weintraub (né Jerome Charles Weingraub, d. July 6, 2015), American impresario who triumphed in music and film. He began his career as a talent agent. He was 77 years old.
1936~ Winnie Madikizela-Mandela (née Nomzamo Winifred Zanyiwe Madikizela, d. Apr. 2, 2018), South African anti-apartheid leader who embraced brutality. She was married to Nelson Mandela. She died at age 81.
1932~ Donna Douglas (née Doris Ione Smith, d. Jan. 1, 2015), American actress, best known for her role as Elly May Clampett on the Beverly Hillbillies. She was born and died in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. She died of pancreatic cancer at age 82.
1927~ Robert Cade (né James Robert Cade, d. Nov. 27, 2007), American doctor and inventor of Gatorade. He died at age 80.
1927~ C. Michael Harper (né Charles Michael Harper, d. May 28, 2016), American businessman. He was the Chief Operating Executive of ConAgra who made healthy eating mainstream. Following a heart attack, he developed a line of Healthy Choice meals. He died at age 88.
1914~ Jack LaLanne (né François Henri LaLanne, d. Jan. 23, 2011), American fitness and nutritional expert. He was an affable salesman who made fitness popular. He died at age 96.
1913~ Berthold Beitz (d. July 30, 2013), German industrialist who saved Jews. In 1973, he received the Righteous Among the Nations award. He died at age 99.
1907~ Sir Anthony Blunt (né Anthony Frederick Blunt, d. Mar. 26, 1983), English historian and Soviet spy. He died at age 75.
1898~ George Gershwin (né Jacob Bruskin Gershowitz, d. July 11, 1937), American composer. He died at age 38 of a brain tumor.
1897~ Pope Paul VI (né Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini, d. Aug. 6, 1978). He was Pope for 15 years, from June 21, 1963 until his death at age 80.
1888~ T.S. Eliot (né Thomas Stearns Eliot, d. Jan. 4, 1965), American-born British poet and recipient of the 1948 Nobel Prize for Literature. He died of emphysema at age 76.
1886~ Archibald Hill (né Archibald Vivian Hill, d. June 3, 1977), English physiologist and recipient of the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died at age 90.
1874~ Lewis Hine (né Lewis Wickes Hine, d. Nov. 3, 1940), American photographer. His photographs were instrumental in changing child labor laws in the United States. He died following surgery at age 66.
1870~ Christian X of Denmark (d. Apr. 20, 1947). He died at age 76.
1849~ Ivan Pavlov (d. Feb. 27, 1936), Russian physiologist and recipient of the 1904 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He is best known for his studies in classical conditioned responses. He died at age 86.
1774~ Johnny Appleseed, (né John Chapman, b. Mar. 18, 1845), American pioneer in horticulture, who introduced the apple tree to large parts of the American mid-west. He was born in Leominster, Massachusetts. He died at age 70.
Events that Changed the World:
2016~ The first Presidential debate between Hillary Clinton (b. 1947) and Donald Trump (b. 1946) took place.
1969~ The Beatles last album, Abbey Road, was released.
1960~ The first televised Presidential debates were broadcast between candidates Richard Nixon (1913 ~ 1994) and John F. Kennedy (1917 ~ 1963).
1959~ Typhoon Vera struck Japan killing over 4,500 people.
1914~ The United States Federal Trade Commission was established.
1789~ As the new country of the United State began, Thomas Jefferson (1743 ~ 1826) was appointed as the first United States Secretary of State, John Jay (1745 ~ 1829) as the first Chief Justice, Samuel Osgood (1847~ 1813) as the first United States Postmaster General, and Edmund Randolph (1753 ~ 1813) as the first United States Attorney General.
1687~ The city council of Amsterdam voted to support William of Orange’s invasion of England, which became the Glorious Revolution.
1580~ Sir Francis Drake (1540 ~ 1596) ended his circumnavigation of the Earth.
1087~ William II (1056 ~ 1100) was crowned King of England. He ruled until his death in 1100.
Good-byes:
2012~ Sam Steiger (né Samuel Steiger, b. Mar. 10, 1929), Arizona conservative congressman who courted trouble. He is known for shooting two burros, allegedly in self-defense, much to the outrage of his constituents. He was in the United States House of Representatives from Arizona. He died at age 83.
2008~ Paul Newman (né Paul Leonard Newman, b. Jan. 26, 1925), American irresistible star who made rogues lovable. He died of lung cancer at age 83.
2003~ Robert Palmer (né Robert Allen Palmer, b. Jan. 19, 1949), English musician best known for his song, Addicted to Love. He died of a heart attack at age 54.
2000~ Richard Mulligan (b. Nov. 13, 1932), American actor. He died at age 67 of colorectal cancer.
1996~ Sir Geoffrey Wilkinson (b. July 14, 1921), English chemist and recipient of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 75.
1978~ Manne Siegbahn (né Karl Manne Siegbahn, b. Dec. 3, 1886), Swedish physicist and recipient of the 1924 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died at age 91.
1976~ Leopold Ružička (d. Sept 13, 1887), Croatian chemist and recipient of the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died two weeks after his 89th birthday.
1968~ Ben Shlomo Lipman Heilprin (b. 1902), Israeli physician. He was the director of the Neurology Department at Hadassah Hospital. He died at age 66.
1952~ George Santayana (né Jorge Agustín Nicholás Ruiz de Santayana y Borrás, b. Dec. 16, 1863), Spanish-American author and philosopher. He died at age 88.
1947~ Hugh Lofting (né Hugh John Lofting, b. Jan. 14, 1886), English author and creator of Doctor Dolittle. He died at age 61.
1946~ William Strunk, Jr. (b. July 1, 1869), American author and educator. He is best known for writing The Elements of Style. He died at age 77.
1945~ Béla Bartók (b. Mar. 25, 1881), Hungarian composer. He refused to perform in Nazi Germany. He died at age 64 of complications from leukemia.
1937~ Bessie Smith (b. Apr. 15, 1894), American singer. She was known as the Empress of the Blues. She died at age 43 after being fatally injured in a car accident.
1902~ Levi Strauss (né Löb Strauß, Feb. 26, 1829), German-born American clothing manufacturer. He founded Levi Strauss & Company, the first company to manufacture denim blue jeans, which were worn by gold miners during the California Gold Rush. He died at age 73.
1877~ Hermann Grassmann (néHermann Günther Grassmann, b. Apr. 15, 1809), German mathematician. He died at age 68.
1868~ August Ferdinand Möbius (d. Nov. 17, 1790), German mathematician and astronomer. He is best known for the Möbius Strip. Möbius was a pioneer in the branch of geometry known as topology. He died at age 77.
1820~ Daniel Boone (b. Nov. 2, 1734), American frontiersman. This is the date of his birth under the Gregorian calendar. Under the Julian calendar, his birthday is noted as October 22. He died at age 85.
1802~ Baron Jurij Vega (b. Mar. 23, 1754), Slovenian mathematician and physicist. The crater on the moon, Vega, is named in his honor. He was 48 years old.
1716~ Antoine Parent (b. Sept. 16, 1666), French mathematician. He died 10 days after his 50thbirthday.
1620~ Taichang (b. Aug. 28, 1582), 15th Chinese Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. He was emperor for only a month, from August 28 until his death on September 26, 1620. He died a month after his 38th birthday.
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