Birthdays:
1980 ~ Chris D’Elia (né Christopher William D’Elia), American comedian and actor. He was born in Montclair, New Jersey
1971 ~ Robert Gibbs (né Robert Lane Gibbs), White House Press Secretary. He served under President Barack Obama from January 2009 until February 2011. He was born in Auburn, Alabama.
1969 ~ Shinichi Mochizuki, Japanese mathematician specializing in number theory. He was born in Tokyo, Japan.
1968 ~ Lucy Lawless (née Lucille Frances Ryan), New Zealand actress. She is best known for her role as Xena: Warrior Princess. She was born in Mount Albert, Auckland, New Zealand.
1964 ~ Elle Macpherson (née Eleanor Nancy Gow), Australian supermodel. She was born in Killara, Australia.
1961 ~ Ari Emanuel (né Ariel Zev Emanuel), American talent agent and brother of Rahm Emanuel. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1961 ~ Amy Sedaris (née Amy Louise Sedaris), American actress, voice actress comedian and writer. She was born in Endicott, New York.
1960 ~ Jo Nesbø, Norwegian author of crime fiction. He was born in Oslo, Norway.
1957 ~ Christopher Lambert (né Christopher Guy Denis Lambert), American-born French actor. He was born in Great Neck, New York.
1954 ~ Karen Ann Quinlan (d. June 11, 1985), American right-to-die cause célèbre. At age 21, she went into a coma after a drug overdose. For the next decade, she lived in a comatose state while the courts argued over the right to remove the artificial means keeping her alive. She was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania. She died at age 31 in Morris Plains, New Jersey.
1951 ~ Susan Gale, Canadian author
1949 ~ Dave Greenfield (né David Paul Greenfield; d. May 3, 2020), British keyboardist and singer-songwriter. He was a member of the influential British punk band The Stranglers. He wrote the music to the band’s biggest hit, Golden Brown. He was born in Brighton, England. He died at age 71 of Covid-19.
1948 ~ Bud Cort (né Walter Edward Cox), American actor best known for his role as Harold in the 1971 movie, Harold and Maude. He was born in New Rochelle, New York.
1948 ~ Linda Sunshine, American author. She was born in Brooklyn, New York.
1945 ~ Walt Frazier (né Walter Frazier, Jr.), American professional basketball player and sportscaster. He was born in Atlanta, Georgia.
1943 ~ Vangelis (né Evángelos Odysséas Papathanassíou; d. May 17, 2022), Greek musician and bold composer who scored Chariots of Fire. He composed film scores for more that a dozen movies, but it was Chariots of Fire that brought him global fame. He was born in Agria, Greece. He died at age 79 in Paris, France.
1943 ~ Eric Idle, English actor and member of Monty Python. He was born in South Shields, England.
1943 ~ Sir John Major, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He was Prime Minister from November 1990 until May 1997. He served during the reign of Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom. He was born in Sutton, England.
1941 ~ James Stewart (né James Drewry Stewart; d. Dec. 3, 2014), Canadian mathematician. He is best known for his series of calculus textbooks. He died of multiple myeloma at age 73 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
1941 ~ Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr., American astrophysicist, and recipient of the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1940 ~ Charles E.M. Pearce (né Charles Edward Miller Pearce; d. June 8, 2012), Australian mathematician. He was born in Wellington, New Zealand. He died in a car accident at age 72 in Fox Glacier on the New Zealand South Island.
1936 ~ John A. Durkin (né John Anthony Durkin; d. Oct. 16, 2012), United States Senator from New Hampshire. He served in the Senate from September 1975 through December 1980. He was born in Brookfield, Massachusetts. He died at age 76 in Franklin, New Hampshire.
1936 ~ Judith Guest, American author. She is best known for her novel Ordinary People. She was born in Detroit, Michigan.
1927 ~ Sir John Vane (né John Robert Vine; d. Nov. 19, 2004), English pharmacologist and recipient of the 1982 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in deciphering how aspirin works. He died at age 77 from complications from having fractured his hip and leg 6 months earlier.
1927 ~ Martin Fleischmann (d. Aug. 3, 2012), Czech-born chemist who promised an energy miracle. He is best known for his work with electrochemistry. He caused a media sensation when a premature announcement of his cold fusion research could result in a nuclear reaction. His family was Jewish and ultimately ended up in Great Britain. He died at age 85.
1927 ~ John McLaughlin (né John Joseph McLaughlin; d. Aug. 16, 2016), American priest turned pundit who reshaped political television. He entered the Jesuit order and was ordained as a priest in 1959. While still in the priesthood, he became a speech writer for President Nixon. He left the priesthood in 1974 and ultimately became a television journalist and host of The McLaughlin Group on public television. He was born in Providence, Rhode Island. He died at age 89 in Washington, D.C.
1920 ~ Alene B. Duerk (née Alene Bertha Duerk; d. July 21, 2018), American naval officer. In 1972, she became the first female admiral in the United States Navy. She was born in Defiance, Ohio. She died at age 98 in Lake Mary, Florida.
1918 ~ Pearl Bailey (née Pearl Mae Bailey; d. Aug. 17, 1990), African-American singer and actress. She was born in Newport News, Virginia. She died of heart disease at age 72 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1918 ~ Lê Văn Thiêm (d. June 3, 1991), Vietnamese mathematician. He died at age 73 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
1918 ~ Sam Walton (né Samuel Moore Walton; d. Apr. 5, 1992), American retailer and founder of Wal-Mart and Sam’s Club stores. He was born in Kingfisher, Oklahoma. He died of multiple myeloma about a week after his 74th birthday in Little Rock, Arkansas.
1916 ~ Gene McCarthy (né Eugene Joseph McCarthy; d. Dec. 10, 2005), American United States Senator from Minnesota. He served in the Senate from January 1959 until January 1971. In 1968, he was the Democratic candidate for President. He was born in Watkins, Minnesota. He died at age 89 in Washington, D.C.
1896 ~ Wilhelm Ackermann (né Wilhelm Friedrich Ackermann; d. Dec. 24, 1962), German mathematician. He is best known for his work in mathematical logic. He died at age 66.
1874 ~ Lou Henry Hoover (née Lou Henry; d. Jan. 7, 1944), First Lady of the United States and wife of President Herbert Hoover. She served as First Lady from March 1929 until March 1933. She was born in Waterloo, Iowa. She died of a heart attack at age 69 in New York, New York.
1873 ~ Tullio Levi-Civita (d. Dec. 29, 1941), Italian mathematician. He is best known for his work on absolute differential calculus. He was born in Padua, Italy. He died at age 68 in Rome, Italy.
1867 ~ Cy Young (né Denton True Young; d. Nov. 4, 1955), professional baseball pitcher. He was born in Gilmore, Ohio. He died at age 88 in Newcomerstown, Ohio.
1859 ~ Oscar Mayer (né Oscar Ferdinand Mayer; d. Mar. 11, 1955 Bavarian-born American entrepreneur and founder of the Oscar Mayer, Co., which is known for its hotdogs and cold cuts. He died 18 days before his 96th birthday in Chicago, Illinois.
1825 ~ Francesco Faà di Bruno (d. Mar. 27, 1888), Italian priest and mathematician. He was born in Alessandria, Italy. He died 2 days before his 63rd birthday in Turin, Italy.
1819 ~ Isaac Mayer Wise (d. Mar. 26, 1900), Bohemian-born American rabbi and founder of the Reform Movement in the United States. He died 3 days before his 81st birthday in Cincinnati, Ohio.
1816 ~ 10th Dalai Lama (né Tsultrum Gyatso; d. Sept. 30, 1837). He died at age 21.
1806 ~ James Curtiss (d. Nov. 2, 1859), 11th and 13th Mayor of Chicago. He served his first term from 1847 to 1848, and his second term from 1850 to 1851. He was born in Wethersfield, Connecticut. He died at age 53 after a long illness in Joliet, Illinois.
1799 ~ Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby (né Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley; d. Oct. 23, 1869), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He served as Prime Minister in three separate terms, first from February 1852 until December 1852; then from February 1858 until June 1859; and finally from June 1866 until 1868. All of his terms as prime minister were during the reign of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom. He died at age 70.
1790 ~ John Tyler (d. Jan. 18, 1862), 10th President of the United States. John Tyler was also the 10th Vice President, although he served in that Office for only a month. He became the first Vice President to become President following the death of an incumbent president. President William Henry Harrison had died within a month of taking office. Following his presidency, Tyler went on to serve in the Confederate Congress. He was born on Greenway Plantation in Charles City County, Virginia. Tyler died at age 71 in Richmond, Virginia.
1123 ~ Shi Zong (d. Jan. 20, 1189), 5th Chinese emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty. He ruled from October 1161 until his death in October 1189. He died at age 65.
Events that Changed the World:
2024 ~ Good Friday observed in Western Christian countries.
2017 ~ The United Kingdom invoked Article 50 of the Constitutional Treaty for the European Union, thus beginning the formal Brexit process.
2010 ~ Two female Islamic terrorists and suicide bombers struck in the Moscow Metro system. Forty people were killed in the attack.
2004 ~ Ireland became the first country in the world to ban smoking in all workplaces, including bars and restaurants.
2004 ~ Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia joined NATO as full members.
1974 ~ Local farmers in Xi’an, Shaanxi province in China discovered the Terracotta Army that had been buried with Qin Shi Huang (259 ~ 210 BCE), China’s first Emperor of Qin in the third century BCE.
1973~ The last United States troops left Vietnam. The Vietnam peace agreement had been signed 2 months earlier.
1971 ~ Lieutenant William Calley (b. 1943) was convicted of premeditated murder for the My Lai, Vietnam massacre and was sentenced to life in prison. His sentence was ultimately reduced to 20 years. It was later commuted to 10 years, then to 3 years of house arrest by President Nixon (1913 ~ 1994).
1962 ~ Arturo Frondizi (1908 ~ 1995), the President of Argentina, was overthrown in a military coup.
1961 ~ The 23rd Amendment to the US Constitution was ratified, granting residents of Washington, D.C., the right to vote in the Presidential elections for the first time.
1951 ~ Julius (1918 ~ 1953) and Ethel (1915 ~ 1953) Rosenberg were convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage relating to passing information about the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. They would later both be executed in June 1953.
1929 ~ President Herbert Hoover (1874 ~ 1964) had a telephone installed in the Oval Office.
1886 ~ Dr. John Pemberton (1831 ~ 1888) brewed the first batch of Coca-Cola in Atlanta, Georgia.
1871 ~ The Royal Albert Hall was opened by Queen Victoria (1819 ~ 1901).
1865 ~ Appomattox, the final campaign of the American Civil War, began.
1849 ~ The United Kingdom annexed the Punjab.
1847 ~ During the Mexican-American War, United States forces, led by General Winfield Scott (1786 ~ 1866) took Veracruz after a siege.
1809 ~ Gustav IV Adolf, King of Sweden (1778 ~ 1837) abdicated after a coup d’état. At the Diet of Porvoo, Finland’s four Estates pledged allegiance to Alexander I of Russia, thereby beginning the secession of the Grand Duchy of Finland from Sweden.
1638 ~ The first European settlement in what is now Delaware, was established by Swedish colonist and named New Sweden.
1500 ~ Cesare Borgia (1475 ~ 1507) was given the title Captain General and Gonfalonier by his father, Rodrigo Borgia, after he returned from his conquests in the Romagna.
1461 ~ Edward of York (1442 ~ 1483) defeated Margaret, Queen of England (1430 ~ 1482) at the Battle of Towton, during the War of the Roses, to become King Edward IV of England.
Good-Byes:
2020 ~ Tadashi Tsufura (b. Sept. 17, 1930), Japanese-American who, as a child, was forcibly removed from his California home and detained with his family in an Arizona internment camp. He later became a beloved educator and principal in New York City. he was born in Los Angeles, California. He died of Covid-19 at age 89 in New York, New York. His wife, Mabel Murakami Tusfura died 5 days earlier of Covid-19.
2020 ~ Philip W. Anderson (né Philip Warren Anderson; b. Dec. 13, 1923), American theoretical physicist and recipient of the 1977 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Indianapolis, Indiana. He died at age 96 in Princeton, New Jersey.
2018 ~ Anita Shreve (née Anita Hale Shreve, b. Oct. 7, 1946), American novelist. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts. She died of cancer in Newfields, New Hampshire at age 71.
2018 ~ Rusty Staub (né Daniel Joseph Staub; b. Apr. 1, 1944), American towering slugger who became “Le Grand Orange” due to his red hair. He was a professional baseball player and played for several teams, including the Montreal Expos. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He died in West Palm Beach, Florida 3 days before his 74th birthday.
2017 ~ Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov (b. June 25, 1928), Russian physicist and recipient of the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Moscow, Russia. He died at age 88 in Palo Alto, California.
2016 ~ Patty Duke (née Anna Marie Duke; b. Dec. 14, 1946), American actress and Oscar winner who battled mental illness. She was born in Manhattan, New York. She died at age 69 in Coeur d’Alene, Idaho.
2014 ~ Ruth A.M. Schmidt (née Ruth Anna Marie Schmidt; b. Apr. 22, 1916), American geologist and paleontologist. She was born in Brooklyn, New York. She died 24 days before her 98th birthday in Anchorage, Alaska.
2005 ~ Johnnie L. Cochran (né Johnny Lee Cochran, Jr.; b. Oct. 2, 1937), African-American attorney. He is best known for his defense of O.J. Simpson during his murder trial. He was born in Shreveport, Louisiana. He died of a brain tumor at age 67 in Los Angeles, California.
1991 ~ Lee Atwater (né Harvey LeRoy Atwater, b. Feb. 27, 1951), American politician and political consultant. He served Presidents Ronald Reagan and George WH Bush. He was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He died in Washington, D.C., about a month after his 40th birthday of an aggressive form of brain tumor.
1985 ~ Jeanne-Paule Deckers (b. Oct. 17, 1933), Belgian singer and nun, known as The Singing Nun. She left the convent and moved in with Annie Pécher (1944 ~ 1985), her companion of 10 years. On this date in 1985, she and Pécher died by suicide. She was 51 years old.
1985 ~ Luther Terry (Luther Leonidas Terry; b. Sept. 15, 1911), 9th Surgeon General of the United States. He served under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. He is best known for his warnings against the dangers of tobacco usage. He was born in Red Level, Alabama. He died of heart failure at 73 years old in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1944 ~ Grace Chisholm Young (née Grace Chisholm; b. Mar. 15, 1944), English mathematician. She studied at Göttingen University in Germany and became the first woman to receive a doctorate in any field in Germany. She died 14 days after her 76th birthday.
1912 ~ Sir Robert Falcon Scott (b. June 6, 1868), English explorer and leader of the Scott expedition to the South Pole. After reaching the South Pole, he and several other members of his expedition died of exhaustion and cold on the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica. He was 43 years old.
1903 ~ Gustavus Swift, Sr. (né Gustavus Franklin Swift; b. June 24, 1839), American businessman and founder of the Swift meat-packing company. He was born in Sagamore, Massachusetts. He died at age 63 in Lake Forest, Illinois.
1891 ~ Georges-Pierre Seurat (b. Dec. 2, 1859), French post-impressionist painter. He was born and died in Paris, France. He died at age 31.
1848 ~ John Jacob Astor (né Johann Jakob Astor; b. July 17, 1763), German-born American businessman. He amassed his fortune in a fur trade monopoly and smuggling opium into China. At the time of his death, he was the wealthiest man in America. He died at age 84 in New York, New York.
1832 ~ Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este (b. Nov. 1, 1773), Queen consort of Sardinia. In 1789, she married Victor Emmanuel I, King of Sardinia (1759 ~ 1824). She was of the House of Austria-Este. She was the daughter of Ferdinand Karl, Archduke of Austria-Estes and Maria Beatrice d’Este, Duchess of Massa. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 58.
1794 ~ Marquis de Condorcet (né Marie Jean Antoine Nicholas de Caritat; b. Sept. 17, 1743), French mathematician, political scientist, and philosopher. He was also a social advocate and was a strong supporter of women’s rights. He was arrested and imprisoned during the French revolution. He died at age 50 in prison by what may have been poisoning.
1792 ~ Gustav III, King of Sweden (b. Jan. 24, 1846). He ruled Sweden from February 1771 until his assassination in March 1792. He had been shot in the back 13 days earlier at a masquerade ball at Stockholm’s Royal Opera. He was married to Sophia Magdalena of Denmark (1746 ~ 1813). They married in 1766. He was of the House of Holstein-Gottorp. He was the son of Adolf Frederick, King of Sweden and Princess Louisa Ulrika of Prussia. He was succeeded by his son, Gustav IV Adolf, King of Sweden. He was Lutheran. He was killed at age 46.
1788 ~ Charles Wesley (b. Dec. 18, 1707), English pastor and leader of the Methodist church. He is mostly known for writing over 6,000 hymns. He died at age 80.
1058 ~ Pope Stephen IX (né Frederick of Lorraine; b. 1020). He was Pope from August 1057 until his death 7 months later. He was a member of the Ardenne-Verdun family, who ruled the Duchy of Lorraine. He started his ecclesiastical career as a cannon in Liège. He is believed to have been poisoned. The date of his birth is unknown. He was born in Lorraine, Holy Roman Empire. He died in Florence, Holy Roman Empire.
57 CE ~ Guangwu of Han (b. Jan. 13, 5 BCE), Chinese emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He ruled from August 25 until his death in March 57. He is believed to have died at age 62.
87 BCE ~ Emperor Wu of Han (b. 156 BCE), 7th Chinese Emperor of the Han Dynasty. He ruled from March 141 ~ Mar 87 BCE. The exact date of his birth is not known. He is believed to have been 69 at the time of his death.
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