Birthdays:
2007 ~ Infanta Sofía of Spain. She is of the House of Bourbon. She is the 2nd daughter of Filipe VI, King of Spain and Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano. She is Roman Catholic.
1970 ~ Andre Agassi (né Andre Kirk Agassi), American professional tennis player. He was born in Las Vegas, Nevada.
1970 ~ Uma Thurman (née Uma Karuna Thurman), American actress. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts.
1958 ~ Michelle Pfeiffer (née Michelle Marie Pfeiffer), American actress. She was born in Santa Ana, California.
1957 ~ Sir Daniel Day-Lewis (né Daniel Michael Blake Day-Lewis), English-Irish actor. He was born in London, England.
1955 ~ Kate Mulgrew (née Katherine Kiernan Maria Mulgrew), American actress. She was born in Dubuque, Iowa.
1954 ~ Jake Burton Carpenter (d. Nov. 20, 2019), American “punk” who made snowboarding a sport. He was the founder of Burton Snowboards and invented the modern-day snowboard. He was born in Manhattan, New York. He died of cancer at age 65 in Burlington, Vermont.
1954 ~ Jerry Seinfeld (né Jerome Allen Seinfeld), American comedian. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.
1952 ~ Nora Dunn (née Nora Eloise Dunn), American actress and comedian. She is best known for her work on Saturday Night Live. She was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1951 ~ Dale Earnhardt, Jr. (né Ralph Dale Earnhardt; b. Feb. 18, 2001), Seven-time NASCAR Sprint Cup Series champion. He was born in Kannapolis, North Carolina. He was killed at age 49 in a racing accident during the Daytona 500 in Daytona Beach, Florida.
1938 ~ Bernie Madoff (né Bernard Lawrence Madoff; d. Apr. 14, 2021), American businessman and convicted felon who masterminded an elaborate Ponzi scheme that bilked thousands of people out of billions of dollars. In June 2009, he was sentenced to 150 years in prison. He was born in Queens, New York. He died of kidney disease while imprisoned in Butner, North Carolina. He died just 15 days before his 83rd birthday.
1937 ~ Hasil Adkins (b. Apr. 26, 2005), American musician from an Appalachian County in West Virginia who influenced the creation of rock ‘n roll. He was born and died in Boone County, West Virginia. He died 3 days before his 68th birthday.
1936 ~ Zubin Mehta, Indian bassist and conductor. He was born in Mumbai, India.
1933 ~ Rod McKuen (né Rodney Marvin McKuen; d. Jan. 29, 2015), American populist poet and songwriter who was loathed by critics. He was born in Oakland, California. He died of complications of pneumonia at age 81 in Beverly Hills, California.
1933 ~ Willie Nelson (né Willie Hugh Nelson), American singer and musician. He was born in Abbott, Texas.
1927 ~ Big Jay McNeely (né Cecil James McNeeley; d. Sept. 16, 2018), African-American hard-honking saxophonist who inspired rock ‘n roll. He is best known for his tenor rhythm and blues saxophone. He was born in Los Angeles, California. He died at age 91 in Moreno Valley, California.
1917 ~ Celeste Holm (d. July 15, 2012), American actress who was a city girl who first starred as a rube. She was born and died in Manhattan, New York. She died at age 95.
1901 ~ Hirohito (d. Jan. 7, 1989), Emperor of Japan from 1929 until his death in 1989. He was the Emperor during World War II. He was born and died in Tokyo, Japan. He died at age 87.
1899 ~ Duke Ellington (né Edward Kennedy Ellington; d. May 24, 1974), African-American jazz musician. He was born in Washington, D.C. He died 25 days before his 76th birthday in New York, New York.
1894 ~ Marietta Blau (d. Jan. 27, 1970), Austrian physicist. She is best known for using nuclear emulsions to detect high energy particles. Her work significantly advanced the field of particle physics. During World War II, she was forced to leave Austria. She returned to Austria, however, in 1960 and continued her work in high-energy experiments. She was born and died in Vienna, Austria. She died of cancer at age 75.
1893 ~ Harold Urey (né Harold Clayton Urey; d. Jan. 5, 1981), American chemist and recipient of the 1934 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on isotopes. He was born in Walkerton, Indiana. He died at age 87 in La Jolla, California.
1877 ~ Tad Dorgan (né Thomas Aloysius Dorgan; d. May 2, 1929), American cartoonist. He was born in San Francisco. He died of heart disease 3 days after his 52nd birthday in Great Neck, New York.
1868 ~ Alice Keppel (née Alice Frederica Edmonstone; d. Sept. 11, 1947), English socialite and mistress of Edward VII, King of England. She was also the great-grandmother of Camilla Parker-Bowles, mistress then wife of Prince Charles. Alice died at age 79.
1863 ~ William Randolph Hearst, Sr. (d. Aug. 14, 1951), American newspaper publisher. He was the founder of the Hearst Corporation. He was born in San Francisco, California. He died at age 88 in Beverly Hills, California.
1854 ~ Henri Poincaré (né Jules Henri Poincaré; d. July 17, 1912), French mathematician and physicist. He died of an embolism at age 58 in Paris, France.
1818 ~ Alexander II, Tsar of Russia (d. Mar. 13, 1881). He ruled Russia from March 2, 1855 until his assassination 26 years later. He is best known for being a reformer and for the emancipation of the serfs. He was married twice. His 1stwife, whom he married in 1841, was Maria Alexandrovna (née Marie of Hesse). She died in 1880 at age 55 of tuberculosis. Alexander and his 1st wife had 8 children together. His 2nd marriage was a morganatic marriage. His 2ndwife, who had been his mistress, was Princess Catherine Mikhailnova Dolgorukova, with whom he already had 4 children. He was killed near his palace when a bomb was thrown at him. In the Julian calendar that was used by Russia at the time, this event was recorded on March 1. He was of the House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov. He was the son of Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia and Alexandra Feodorovna (née Princess Charlotte of Prussia). He was 62 at the time of his death.
1810 ~ Thomas Adolphus Trollope (d. Nov. 11, 1892), British author and journalist. He died at age 82.
1745 ~ Oliver Ellsworth (d. Nov. 26, 1807), 3rd Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President George Washington. He replaced John Rutledge on the Court. He was succeeded by John Marshall. He served on the Court from March 1796 until September 1800. He was born and died in Windsor, Connecticut. He died at age 62.
Events that Changed the World:
2011 ~ Prince William (b. 1982) of England married Kate Middleton (b. 1982) in Westminster Abbey. Upon her marriage, Kate Middleton became known as Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge.
2004 ~ The World War II Memorial opened in Washington, D.C.
2004 ~ The Oldsmobile ceased production after 107 years of car manufacturing.
1992 ~ Los Angeles was caught up in massive riots following the acquittal of several police officers of charges that they used excessive force in the beating of Rodney King (1965 ~ 2012). During the riots, which lasted three days, 53 people were killed, numerous people were injured, and hundreds of buildings were destroyed.
1986 ~ Fire at the Central library of the City of Los Angeles damaged or destroyed over 400,000 books and other items.
1983 ~ Harold Washington (1922 ~ 1987) was sworn in as Chicago's first African-American mayor. He died in Office in November 1987.
1968 ~ The musical Hair debuted on Broadway.
1945 ~ The Dachau concentration camp was liberated by American troops.
1945 ~ Adolf Hitler (1889 ~ 1945) married Eva Braun (1912 ~ 1945) in a bunker in Berlin. They both committed suicide the following day.
1945 ~ The German army in Italy surrendered to the Allies in World War II.
1944 ~ During World War II, British agent Nancy Wake (1912 ~ 2011), a leading figure in the French Resistance and the Gestapo’s most wanted person, parachuted into France to become a liaison between London and a local resistance group. An historical fictional version of her life is depicted in Ariel Lawhon’s 2020 novel Code Name Hélène.
1916 ~ Martial law in Ireland was lifted and the Easter Rising rebellion was deemed official over following the surrender of Irish nationals to the British in Dublin.
1863 ~ The University of Massachusetts, Amherst, was chartered as a land grant agricultural college.
1862 ~ New Orleans fell to Union forces under the leadership of Admiral David Farragut (1801 ~ 1870) during the American Civil War.
1861 ~ During the American Civil War, Maryland’s House of Delegates voted not to secede from the Union.
1852 ~ Peter Roget’s Thesaurus, which he had created in 1805, was first made available to the public.
1832 ~ Mathematician Évariste Galois (1811 ~ 1832) was released from prison. He had been politically active and on Bastille Day, July 14, 1831, he led a protest wearing the uniform of the disbanded artillery. He was arrested and sentenced to six months in prison for illegally wearing a uniform. It was not until April 29, 1832, however, before he was released. He would die about a month later from wounds suffered in a duel.
1781 ~ During the American Revolutionary War, British and French ships clashed in the Battle of Fort Royal off the coast of Martinique.
1770 ~ James Cook (1728 ~ 1779) arrived at, and named Botany Bay, Australia.
1587 ~ Sir Francis Drake (1540 ~ 1596) led a raid in the Bay of Cádiz, sinking at least 23 ships of the Spanish Armada.
1429 ~ Joan of Arc (1412 ~ 1431) arrived to relieve the Siege of Orleans.
Good-Byes:
2015 ~ Jean Nidetch (née Jean Evelyn Slutsky; b. Oct. 12, 1923), American housewife who was a co-founder of Weight Watchers. She was born in Brooklyn, New York. She was 91 years old in Parkland, Florida.
2014 ~ Bob Hoskins (né Robert William Hoskins; b. Oct. 26, 1942), the stumpy British actor who made it big in Hollywood. He died of pneumonia at age 71 in London, England.
2014 ~ Al Feldstein (né Albert Bernard Feldstein; b. Oct. 24, 1925), American editor of Mad magazine who made skepticism funny. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died at age 88 in Montana.
2014 ~ Colonel Walter Walsh (né Walter Rudolph Walsh; b. May 4, 1907), American FBI marksman who gunned down gangsters. He joined the FBI in 1934, during the infamous Public Enemy era and was involved in many high-profile cases. He was born in West Hoboken, New Jersey. He died 6 days before his 107th birthday in Arlington, Virginia.
2013 ~ Ernest A. Michael (né Ernest Arthur Michael; b. Aug. 27, 1925), American mathematician. He is best known for his work in topology. He was born in Zurich, Switzerland. His family left for the United States in 1932 due to the rise of Nazi Germany. He died at age 87 in Seattle, Washington.
2011 ~ Joanna Russ (b. Feb. 22, 1937), American author and feminist activist. She is known for her works in science fiction and fantasy as well as feminist literary criticism. She was born in New York, New York. She died at age 74 in Tucson, Arizona.
2008 ~ Mary G. Ross (née Mary Golda Ross; b. Aug. 9, 2008), Native American engineer. She was one of the original 40 members of Skunk Works, the name of Lockheed Martin’s Advanced Development Programs, which was responsible for designing military aircraft. She was born in Park Hill, Oklahoma. She died at age 99 in Los Altos, California.
2008 ~ Albert Hofmann (b. Jan. 11, 1906), Swiss chemist who was the first to synthesize and try LSD. He died of a heart attack at age 102.
2006 ~ John Kenneth Galbraith (b. Oct. 15, 1908), Canadian-American economist. He was born in Iona Station, Ontario, Canada. He died at age 97 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
2005 ~ William Bell (né William Joseph Bell; b. Mar. 6, 1927), American screenwriter and producer. He was known for producing many soap operas, including The Young and the Restless. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died of complications of Alzheimer’s disease at age 78 in Los Angeles, California.
2005 ~ Louis Leithold (b. Nov. 16, 1924), American mathematician. He is best known for his book The Calculus, which changed teaching methods of mathematics in high schools. He was born in San Francisco, California. He died at age 80 in Los Angeles, California.
1997 ~ Mike Royko (né Michael Royko, Jr.; b. Sept. 19, 1932), American columnist. He was born and died in Chicago, Illinois. He died of a brain aneurysm at age 64.
1980 ~ Sir Alfred Hitchcock (né Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, b. Aug. 13, 1899), English film director. He died at age 80 in Bel Air, California.
1951 ~ Ludwig Wittgenstein (né Ludwig Joseph Johann Wittgenstein; b. Apr. 26, 1889), Austrian-born philosopher who worked in logic and mathematical philosophy. He died 3 days after his 62nd birthday.
1937 ~ Wallace Carothers (né Wallace Hume Carothers; b. Apr. 27, 1896), American organic chemist who, while working at DuPont, invented nylon. He was born in Burlington, Iowa. He died by suicide in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania just 2 days after his 41st birthday.
1921 ~ Annie Edson Taylor (née Anne Edson; b. Oct. 24, 1838), was the first person to go Niagara Falls and survive. She performed this stunt on October 24, 1901, her 63rd birthday! She was born in Auburn, New York. She died at age 82 in Lockport, New York.
1916 ~ Jørgen Pedersen Gram (b. June 27, 1850), Danish actuary and mathematician. He died at age 65 after being hit by a bicycle.
1893 ~ Bailey Gatzert (b. Dec. 29, 1829), American politician and first Jewish mayor of Seattle, Washington. He served as Mayor from 1875 until 1876. He was born in Germany. He emigrated to Natchez, Mississippi before heading further west. He died in Seattle, Washington at age 63.
1793 ~ Yechezkel ben Yehudah Landau (b. Oct. 8, 1713), Polish Rabbi. He died at age 79.
1771 ~ Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli (b. 1700), French-Italian architect who designed the Winter Palace and the Catherine Palace for Imperial Russia. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
1380 ~ Catherine of Siena (b. Mar. 25, 1347), Italian mystic and Catholic saint. She was born in Siena, Italy. She died of a stroke at age 33 in Rome, Italy.
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