Birthdays:
1981 ~ Jessica Alba (née Jessica Marie Alba), American actress.
1974 ~ Penélope Cruz (née Penélope Cruz Sánchez), Spanish actress. She was born in Alcobendas, Spain.
1964 ~ L’Wren Scott (née Laura Bambrough, d. Mar. 17, 2014), the American fashion designer who styled the stars. She was Mick Jagger’s long-time girlfriend. She died by suicide at age 49.
1960 ~ Elena Kagan, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. She was appointed to the High Court by President Barack Obama. She replaced John Paul Stevens on the Court. She began her term in August 2010. She was born in New York, New York.
1950 ~ Jay Leno (né James Douglas Muir Leno), American television personality. He was born in New Rochelle, New York.
1949 ~ Bruno Kirby (né Bruno Giovanni Quidaciolu, Jr.; d. Aug. 14, 2006), American actor. He was born in New York, New York. He died of leukemia at age 57 in Los Angeles, California.
1949 ~ Paul Guilfoyle (né Paul Vincent Guilfoyle), American television actor best known for his role as Captain Brass on the television drama CSI. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts.
1948 ~ Sir Terry Pratchett (né Terrance David John Pratchett; d. Mar. 12, 2015), British author of the Discworld fantasy series. He was known as the novelist who mixed fantasy and satire. He died of early onset Alzheimer’s disease at 66 years old.
1941 ~ Ann-Margret (née Ann-Margret Olsson), Swedish actress. She was born in Stockholm, Sweden.
1941 ~ Karl Sharpless (né Karl Barry Sharpless), American chemist and recipient of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work with on stereoselective reactions. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1937 ~ Saddam Hussein (d. Dec. 30, 2006), 5th President, and virtual dictator of, Iraq. He was executed for war crimes and the mass execution of Iraqi Shi’ietes. He was 69 years old.
1930 ~ James Baker (né James Addison Baker, III), 61st United States Secretary State. He served in that capacity in under George H.W. Bush. He also served Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush as White House Chief of Staff. During the Reagan Administration, he also served as the 67th United States Secretary of the Treasury from February 1985 until August 1988. He was born in Houston, Texas.
1926 ~ Harper Lee (née Nelle Harper Lee, d. Feb. 19, 2016), American author, best known for her novel To Kill a Mockingbird. In July 2015, a second book written by Lee, Go Set A Watchman, was published. She was born and died in Monroeville, Alabama. She was 89 years old at the time of her death.
1924 ~ Kenneth Kaunda (né Kenneth David Kaunda; d. June 17, 2021), Zambian leader who battled colonialism. He served as the first president of Zambia from 1964 until 1991. He was at the forefront of the struggle for independence from British rule. He was born in Chinsali, Northern Rhodesia (now known as Zambia). He died at age 97 in Lisaka, Zambia.
1923 ~ Carolyn Cassady (née Carolyn Elizabeth Robinson; d. Sept. 20, 2013), American woman who was the Beats’ muse and lover. She was married to Neal Cassady. She died following complications of surgery at age 90.
1916 ~ Ferruccio Lamborghini (d. Feb. 20, 1993), Italian businessman and creator of the Lamborghini, a high-end sports vehicle. He died at age 76 of a heart attack.
1908 ~ Oskar Schindler (d. Oct. 9, 1974), Austro-Hungarian industrialist who saved many Jews during World War II. Although a member of the Nazi Party, he hired many Jews in his factories, which ultimately saved their lives. He was the subject of Steven Spielberg’s movie, Schindler’s List. He was named Righteous Among Nations by the Israeli government in 1963. He died at age 66. He is buried in the Mount Zion Catholic Cemetery in Jerusalem.
1906 ~ Kurt Gödel (né Kurt Friedrich Gödel; d. Jan. 14, 1978), Austrian mathematician. He was born in what is now Brno, Czech Republic. He died at age 71 of starvation. He had a fear of being poisoned and would only eat food prepared by his wife, Adele. When she became ill and could no longer prepare his food, he stopped eating.
1878 ~ Lionel Barrymore (né Lionel Herbert Blyth; d. Nov. 15, 1954), American actor. He was a member of the theatrical Barrymore family. He died of a heart attack at age 76.
1868 ~ Georgy Voronoy (d. Nov. 20, 1908), Russian mathematician. He died at age 40 following a severe illness.
1854 ~ Hertha Marks Aryton (née Phoebe Sarah Marks; d. Aug. 26, 1923), British engineer and mathematician. She died of blood poisoning following a bug bite. She was 69 years old.
1838 ~ Tobias Asser (né Tobias Michael Carel Asser; d. July 29, 1913), Dutch lawyer and recipient of the 1911 Nobel Peace Prize for his work in the field of private international law. He died at age 75.
1765 ~ Sylvestre François Lacroix (d. May 24, 1834), French mathematician. He died less than a month after his 78thbirthday.
1761 ~ Marie Harel (d. Nov. 9, 1844), French cheesemaker. She is credited with inventing Camembert Cheese. She died at age 83.
1758 ~ James Monroe (d. July 4, 1831), 5th President of the United States. He was President from March 1817 through March 1825. He had previously served as the 8th United States Secretary of War under President James Madison from September 1814 until March 1815. He also served as the 7th United States Secretary of State under President James Madison from April 1811 until March 1817. He died at age 73.
1676 ~ Frederick I, King of Sweden (b. Apr. 5, 1751). He reigned as King from March 24, 1720 until his death in April 1751. He was married twice. His 1st wife, whom he married in 1700, was Luise Dorothea of Prussia. They had 2 daughters. She died in childbirth in December 1705. In 1715, he married Ulrika Eleonora, Queen of Sweden. She abdicated in favor of her husband, allowing him to reign as King. There were no surviving children of his second marriage, however, he had 3 illegitimate children with his mistress. He was of the House of Hesse-Kassel. He was the son of Charles I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Maria Amalia of Courland. He died 23 days before his 75th birthday.
1573 ~ Charles de Valois, Duke of Angoulême (d. Sept. 24, 1650). He was of the House of Valois-Angoulême. He was the illegitimate son of Charles IX, King of France and his mistress, Marie Touchet. He was married twice. His first wife, whom he married in 1591, was Charlotte de Montmorency. They had 3 children. After her death, he married Françoise de Narbonne in 1644. There were no children of his 2nd marriage. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 77.
1442 ~ Edward IV, King of England (d. Apr. 9, 1483). He reigned from March 4, 1461 until Oct. 3, 1470 and again from April 11, 1471 until his death in April 1483. He was the first Yorkist King of England. He married Elizabeth Woodville in 1464. They had 10 children together. He also had several illegitimate children with his numerous mistresses. He was of the House of York. He was the son of Richard, Duke of York and Cecily Neville. He died 19 days before his 41stbirthday.
Events that Changed the World:
2021 ~ Federal agents executed a search warrant of the home and office of Rudi Guiliani (b. 1944) as part of their investigation into his work in Ukraine leading up to the 2020 presidential election. Guiliani’s phone and electronics were seized.
2020 ~ The United States confirmed that 100,000 people have died of Covid-19 since January 2020.
1994 ~ Aldrich Ames (b. 1941), former CIA counter-intelligence office, pled guilty to giving United States secrets to the former Soviet Union and Russia.
1988 ~ On Aloha Airlines Flight 243, the fuselage ripped off a Boeing 737 and flight attendant Clarabelle Lansing (1930 ~ 1988) was sucked through the hole to her death. The pilot was able to land the plane with no other casualties.
1971 ~ The Occupational and Safety Health Administration (OSHA) was established by the United States Department of Labor.
1969 ~ Charles de Gaulle (1890 ~ 1970) resigned as president of France.
1952 ~ Dwight David Eisenhower (1890 ~ 1969) resigned as the Supreme Allied Commander of NATO.
1947 ~ Thor Heyerdahl (1914 ~ 2002) and his crew of five set out on the Kon-Tiki from Peru to Polynesia.
1932 ~ A vaccine for yellow fever was approved for use in humans.
1920 ~ Azerbaijan was became a part of the Soviet Union.
1789 ~ Lieutenant William Bligh (1754 ~ 1817) and 18 of his loyal sailors were set adrift following the Mutiny on the Bounty. The mutineers returned to Tahiti, then set sail for Pitcairn’s Island.
1788 ~ Maryland became the seventh state to ratify the Constitution of the United States.
1503 ~ The Battle of Cerignola in southern Italy was fought between Spanish and French armies. The Spanish armies utilized firearms and were victorious; marking the first battle won using gunpowder in small fire arms.
Good-Byes:
2021 ~ Michael Collins (b. Oct. 31, 1930), American astronaut. He was the command module pilot for Apollo 11. While his crewmates, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldren made the first crewed landing on the Moon, Collins was all alone in space. He was born in Rome, Italy. He died of cancer at age 90 in Naples, Florida.
2019 ~ John Singleton (né John Daniel Singleton; b. Jan. 6, 1968), African-American film director who stunned with Boyz n the Hood. At age 24, he was the youngest person to be nominated for an Oscar for Best Director for his film Boyz n the Hood. He died at age 51 of complication of a stroke.
2019 ~ Richard Lugar (né Richard Green Lugar; b. Apr. 4, 1932), American Hoosier Senator who shaped world affairs. He served in the United States Senator from Indiana from 1977 until 2013. He was born in Indianapolis, Indiana. He died 24 days after his 87th birthday in Falls Church, Virginia.
2018 ~ Larry Harvey (b. Jan. 11, 1948), American artist and freethinker who co-founded Burning Man. He was born and died in San Francisco, California. He died of a massive stroke at age 70.
2018 ~ Art Paul (né Arthur Paul; b. Jan. 18, 1925), American graphic designer who gave Playboy its bunny. He was born and died in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 93.
2016 ~ Jenny Diski (née Jennifer Simmonds; d. July 8, 1947), British writer. She died of lung cancer at age 68.
2000 ~ Penelope Fitzgerald (née Penelope Mary Knox; b. Dec. 17, 1916), British author. She died at age 83.
1999 ~ Arthur Leonard Schawlow (b. May 5, 1921), American physicist and recipient of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on lasers. He died 7 days before his 78th birthday.
1988 ~ Clarabelle Lansing (b. Jan. 18, 1930), American stewardess on the ill-fated Aloha Airlines. She was the only fatality when the fuselage ripped open mid-flight. She was 58 years old.
1960 ~ General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (b. Nov. 3, 1877), President of Chile. He served two terms, the first from May 1927 until November 1931 in his first term and the second term from November 1952 until November 1958. He was born in Linares, Chile. He died at age 82 in Santiago, Chile.
1954 ~ Léon Jouhaux (b. July 1, 1879), French labor leader and recipient of the 1951 Nobel Peace Prize. He died at age 74.
1949 ~ Aurora Quezon (b. Feb. 19, 1888), First Lady of the Philippines. She was assassinated on her way to open a hospital dedicated to her deceased husband, former president of the Philippines. She was 61 years old.
1946 ~ Louis Bachelier (né Louis Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Bachelier; b. Mar. 11, 1870), French mathematician. He died at age 76.
1945 ~ Clara Petacci (b. Feb. 28, 1912), Italian mistress of Benito Mussolini. She was executed by firing squad along with Mussolini. She was born in Rome, Italy. She was 33 years old at the time of her death.
1945 ~ Benito Mussolini (né Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini, b. July 29, 1883), Fascist dictator of Italy. He served as the 27th Prime Minister of Italy from October 1922 until July 1943. He was executed by a firing squad, which consisted of members of the Italian resistance movement. He was 61.
1944 ~ Frank Knox (né William Franklin Knox; b. Jan. 1, 1874), 46th United States Secretary of the Navy. He served under President Franklin D. Roosevelt during most of World War II, from July 1940 until April 1944. Prior to becoming the Secretary of the Navy, he was a newspaper publisher. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died in Washington, D.C., while still in Office at age 70.
1936 ~ King Faud I of Egypt (b. Mar. 26, 1868). He was born and died in Cairo, Egypt. He died about a month after his 68th birthday.
1922 ~ Paul Deschanel (né Paul Eugène Louis Deschanel; b. Feb. 13, 1855), President of France from February 1920 until September 1920. He was born in Schaerbeek, Belgium. He died at age 67 in Paris, France.
1903 ~ Josiah Willard Gibbs (b. Feb. 11, 1839), American mathematical physicist. An instructorship at the Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut is named in his honor. He was born and died in New Haven, Connecticut. He died at age 64.
1883 ~ Jack Russell (né John Russell; b. Dec. 21, 1795), English parson and dog breeder. He died at age 87.
1865 ~ Sir Samuel Cunard, 1st Baronet (b. Nov. 21, 1787), Canadian businessman who founded the Cunard Line. He was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia. He died at age 77.
1802 ~ Richard Howell (b. Oct. 25, 1754), 3rd Governor of New Jersey. He served in that Office from June 1792 until October 1, 1801. He was born in Newark, Delaware. He died at age 47 in Trenton, New Jersey.
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