International Nurse’s Day in honor of Florence Nightingale.
Birthdays:
1981 ~ Rami Malek (né Rami Said Melek), American actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Freddie Mercury in the movie Bohemian Rhapsody. He was born in Los Angeles, California.
1977 ~ Maryam Mirzakhani (d. July 14, 2017), Iranian mathematician prodigy who shattered math’s glass ceiling. In 2014, she was awarded the prestigious Fields Medal. She died of cancer at age 40.
1962 ~ Emilo Estavez, American actor and son of actor Martin Sheen. He was born in Staten Island, New York.
1950 ~ Gabriel Byrne (né Gabriel James Byrne), Irish actor. He was born in Dublin, Ireland.
1948 ~ Lindsay Crouse (née Lindsay Ann Crouse), American actress. She was born in New York, New York.
1939 ~ Ron Ziegler (né Ronald Louis Ziegler; d. Feb. 10, 2003), White House Press Secretary. He served during the Nixon Administration from January 1969 until August 1974. He died of a heart attack at age 63.
1937 ~ George Carlin (né George Denis Patrick Carlin; d. June 22, 2008), American subversive comedian who honored no sacred cows. He was born in Manhattan, New York. He died of heart failure at age 71 in Santa Monica, California.
1936 ~ Tom Snyder (né Thomas James Snyder; d. July 29, 2007), American journalist and talk show host. He died of leukemia at age 71.
1936 ~ Frank Stella (né Frank Philip Stella), American painter and sculptor. He was born in Malden, Massachusetts.
1928 ~ Burt Bacharach (né Burt Freeman Bacharach), American composer and pianist. He was born in Kansas City, Missouri.
1925 ~ Yogi Berra (né Lawrence Peter Berra; d. Sept. 22, 2015), American baseball player and manager. He was the baseball great who became a fount of wisdom. He was 90 years old.
1924 ~ Evan Mecham (d. Feb. 21, 2008) American loose-lipped governor from Arizona who was impeached. He served as governor from January 1987 until April 1988. He was impeached on charges of obstruction of justice and misuse of government funds. He was born in Duchesne, Utah. He died at 83 years old in Pheonix, Arizona.
1924 ~ Alexander Esenin-Volpin (d. Mar. 16, 2016), Russian mathematician. He died at age 91.
1921 ~ Farley Mowat (né Farley McGill Mowat; d. May 6, 2014), Canadian writer who championed animals. He died 6 days before his 93rd birthday.
1918 ~ Julius Rosenberg (d. June 19, 1953), American who was convicted of spying for the Soviet Union. He and his wife, Ethel (1918 ~ 1953), were executed. He was 35 years old.
1918 ~ Mary Kay Ash (née Mary Kathryn Wagner; d. Nov. 22, 2001), American entrepreneur and founder of Mary Kay Cosmetics. She died in Dallas, Texas at age 83.
1914 ~ Howard K. Smith (né Howard Kingsbury Smith; d. Feb. 15, 2002), American journalist. He was born in Ferriday, Louisiana. He died of pneumonia at age 87.
1910 ~ Dorothy Hodgkin (née Dorothy Mary Crowfoot; d. July 29, 1994), British biochemist and recipient of the 1964 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. She advanced the technique of X-ray crystallography and was able to confirm the structure of penicillin. She died of a stroke at age 84.
1907 ~ Katherine Hepburn (née Katherine Houghton Hepburn; d. June 29, 2003), American actress. She died at age 96.
1895 ~ William Giauque (né William Francis Giauque; d. Mar. 28, 1982), Canadian-born American chemist and recipient of the 1949 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 86.
1889 ~ Otto Frank (né Otto Heinrich Frank; d. Aug. 19, 1980), German-born Swiss father of Anne Frank and Holocaust survivor. He died of lung cancer at age 91.
1855 ~ George Woodberry (né George Edward Woodberry; d. Jan. 2, 1930), American poet and literary critic. He was born and died in Beverly, Massachusetts. He died at age 79.
1850 ~ Henry Cabot Lodge (d. Nov. 9, 1924), American politician and United States Senator from Massachusetts. He died following a stroke suffered after gall bladder surgery. He was 74 years old.
1828 ~ Dante Gabriel Rossetti (d. Apr. 9, 1882), English poet and illustrator. He died of kidney disease at age 53.
1820 ~ Florence Nightingale (d. Aug. 13, 1910), British nurse. She is the founder of modern nursing. She was instrumental in the health of British soldiers during the Crimean War. She died at age 90.
1812 ~ Edward Lear (d. Jan. 29, 1888), English artist and poet, who is most famous for his limericks. He died of heart disease at age 75.
1590 ~ Cosimo II de’Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. Feb. 28, 1621). He died of tuberculosis at age 30.
1496 ~ King Gustav I of Sweden (né Gustav Eriksson, d. Sept. 29, 1560). The exact date of his birth is unknown. He ruled from June 1523 until his death in September 1560. He is believed to have been about 64 years old at the time of his death.
1258 ~ Sancho IV, King of Castile and León (d. Apr. 25, 1295). He was King from April 4, 1284 until his death 11 years later. He was of the Castilian House of Ivrea. He was the son of Alfonso X, King of Castile and Violant of Aragon. In 1282, he married Maria de Molina and had 7 children. He also had 3 illegitimate children. He was Roman Catholic. He died of an illness, probably tuberculosis, at age 36. He was succeeded by his son, Ferdinand IV, King of Castile.
Events that Changed the World:
2019 ~ Mother’s Day in the United States.
2015 ~ A 7.3 magnitude earthquake struck in Nepal. Over 200 people were killed.
2015 ~ An Amtrak train running from New York City towards Washington, D.C., derailed in Philadelphia. Eight people were killed and over 200 people were injured.
2014 ~ The Washington Monument in Washington, D.C., opened for the first time since the 2011 earthquake, which caused massive damage to the monument.
2013 ~ Mother’s Day in the United States.
2008 ~ A massive 8.0 magnitude earthquake hit Sichuan, China, killing over 69,000 people.
2002 ~ Former President Jimmy Carter (b. 1924) visited Fidel Castro (1926 ~ 2016) in Cuba. He became the first United States President to visit Cuba since Castro took power in the 1959 Cuban Revolution.
1984 ~ The World’s Exposition opened in New Orleans. It was a financial disaster.
1942 ~ During World War II, the United States tanker, the SS Virginia was torpedoed in the mouth of the Mississippi River by a German submarine.
1937 ~ George VI (1895 ~ 1952) and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (1900 ~ 2002) were crowned King and Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland following the abdication of his brother, King Edward VIII (1894 ~ 1972).
1935 ~ Alcoholics Anonymous met for the first time in Akron, Ohio.
1933 ~ The Agricultural Adjustment Act was enacted to restrict agricultural production by paying farmers subsidies.
1932 ~ Just over 2 months after his abduction, the body of the infant son of Charles Lindbergh (1902 ~ 1974) was discovered a few miles from the Lindberghs’ home.
1873 ~ The coronation of Oscar II (1829 ~ 1907), King of Sweden took place. He had been ruling the country since September 1872.
1862 ~ During the American Civil War, Union troops began their occupation of Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
1780 ~ The Continental Army suffered its largest defeat during the American Revolutionary War when Charleston, South Carolina was taken by British forces.
1551 ~ The National University of San Marcos, the oldest university in the Americas, was founded in Lima, Peru.
1191 ~ King Richard I (1157 ~ 1199) of England married Berengaria of Navarre (d. 1230). She was crowned Queen consort of England on her wedding day.
254 ~ Pope Stephen I (d. 257) became the 23rd Pope.
Good-Byes:
2014 ~ H.R. Giger (né Hans Rudolf Giger; b. Feb. 5, 1940), Swiss artist who made monsters. He died at age 74 from injuries suffered in a fall.
2008 ~ Robert Rauschenberg (né Milton Ernest Rauschenberg; b. Oct. 22, 1925), American graphic artist. He died of heart failure at age 82.
2008 ~ Irena Sendler (née Irena Krzyżanowska; b. Feb. 15, 1910), Polish nurse and humanitarian. She let a cell in the Polish Resistance and helped save over 2500 Jewish children during the Holocaust. She is recognized by the State of Israel as a Righteous Among the Gentiles. Her story is depicted in the book, Irena’s Children: The Extraordinary Story of the Woman Who Saved 2,500 Children from the Warsaw Ghetto. She died at age 98.
2001 ~ Perry Como (né Pierino Ronald Como; b. May 18, 1912), American singer. He died 6 days before his 89thbirthday.
1992 ~ Robert Reed (né John Robert Rietz, Jr.; b. Oct. 19, 1932), American actor best known for his role as Mike Brady from the television sit-com The Brady Bunch. He died of cancer at age 59.
1980 ~ Bette Nesmith Graham (née Bette Clair McMurray; b. Mar. 23, 1924), American inventor of Liquid Paper. She was born in Dallas, Texas. She died at age 56 in Richardson, Texas. Her son, Michael Nesmith, was in the band The Monkees.
1970 ~ Nelly Sachs (née Leonie Sachs; b. Dec. 10, 1891), German-born, Swedish writer and recipient of the 1966 Nobel Prize in Literature. She died of cancer at age 78.
1925 ~ Amy Lowell (née Amy Lawrence Lowell; b. Feb. 9, 1874), American poet. She was born and died in Brookline, Massachusetts. She died of a cerebral hemorrhage at age 51.
1902 ~ Maria Zakrzewska (née Maria Elizabeth Zakrzewska; b. Sept. 6, 1929), German-born American physician. She is best known for establishing the New England Hospital for Women and Children in Boston, Massachusetts. She died in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts at age 72.
1894 ~ Grand Duchess Catherine Makhailovna of Russia (b. Aug. 28, 1827). She died at age 66.
1864 ~ Jeb Stuart (né James Ewell Brown Stuart; b. Feb. 6, 1833), Confederate Army General. He was killed in the Battle of Yellow Tavern in Henrico County, Virginia. He was 31 years old.
1856 ~ Jacques Philippe Marie Binet (b. Feb. 2, 1786), French mathematician and astronomer. He died at age 70.
1490 ~ Joanna, Princess of Portugal (b. Feb. 6, 1458). She was of the House of Aviz. She became a nun. She died at age 38.
1182 ~ Valdemar I of Denmark (b. Jan. 14, 1131). He was known as Valdemar the Great. He died at age 51.
1012 ~ Pope Sergius IV (né Pietro Martino Buccaporci, b. 970). He was pope from July 1009 through his death on this date in May 1012. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
1003 ~ Pope Sylvester II (né Gerbert d’Aurillac, b. 946). He was Pope from April 999 until his death on this date 4 years later. He was the first French Pope. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
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