Birthdays:
1968 ~ Jane Krakowski (née Jane Krajkowski), American actress. She is best known for her role as Jenna Maroney on the television sit-com 30 Rock.
1966 ~ Luke Perry (né Coy Luther Perry, III; d. Mar. 4, 2019), American actor who was the 90210 hunk who became a teen obsession. He died of a massive stroke at age 52.
1962 ~ Joan Cusack (née Joan Mary Cusack), American actress.
1953 ~ David Morse (né David Bowditch Morse), American actor. He was born in Beverly, Massachusetts.
1939 ~ Maria Bueno (née Maria Esther Andion Bueno; d. June 8, 2018), Brazilian tennis star who elevated the women’s game. She died at age 78.
1935 ~ Dan Evins (né Danny Wood Evins; d. Jan. 14, 2012), American businessman and founder of Cracker Barrel Old Country Store. He died at age 76.
1929 ~ Jack Nelson (né John Howard Nelson; d. Oct. 21, 2009), American journalist who infuriated J. Edgar Hoover. He is best known for his coverage of the Watergate Scandal. He died of pancreatic cancer 10 days after his 80th birthday.
1925 ~ Elmore Leonard (né Elmore John Leonard, Jr., d. Aug. 20, 2013), American author who made his bad guys interesting. He wrote suspense thrillers. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He died at age 87.
1924 ~ John Sheardown (né John Vernon Sheardown; d. Dec. 30, 2012), Canadian envoy who sheltered Americans in Tehran during the Iranian hostage crisis in 1979. He sheltered 6 Americans for 79 days in the Canadian embassy. This event was depicted in the 2012 movie Argo. He died at age 87.
1924 ~ Mal Whitfield (né Malvin Greston Whitfield; d. Nov. 19, 2015), African-American runner who became a sporting ambassador. He was a track star at the 1948 and 1952 Summer Olympics. He died about a month after his 91st birthday.
1910 ~ Cahit Arf (d. Dec. 26, 1977), Turkish mathematician. He died at age 87.
1905 ~ Fred Trump (né Frederick Christ Trump; d. June 25, 1999), American businessman and father of President Donald Trump. He died at age 93.
1885 ~ François Mauriac (né François Charles Mauriac; d. Sept. 1, 1970), French author and recipient of the 1952 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 84.
1884 ~ Friedrich Bergius (né Friedrich Karl Rudolf Bergius; d. Mar. 30, 1949), German chemist and recipient of the 1931 Nobel Prize in Chemistry in recognition of contributions to the invention and development of chemical high-pressure measures. He died at age 64.
1884 ~ Eleanor Roosevelt (née Anna Eleanor Roosevelt; d. Nov. 7, 1962), First Lady of the United States and wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. She served as First Lady from March 1933 until the death of President Roosevelt in April 1945. She died less than a month after her 78th birthday.
1872 ~ Harlan Fiske Stone (d. Apr. 22, 1946), 12th Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was first nominated to the High Court by President Calvin Coolidge as an Associate Supreme Court Justice, where he served from February 1925 until July 1941. In July 1941, he was elevated to become the Chief Justice by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, where he served until his death in 1946. Prior to becoming a Supreme Court Justice, he served as the 52nd United States Attorney General during the Coolidge administration. He was born in Chesterfield, New Hampshire. He died of a cerebral hemorrhage at age 73.
1844 ~ Henry J. Heinz (né Henry John Heinz, d. May 14, 1919), German-American businessman and founder of the H.J. Heinz Company. He died of pneumonia at age 74.
1739 ~ Prince Grigory Potemkin (d. Oct. 16, 1791), Russian statesman and military leader. This is the ascribed date of his birth in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Potemkin had a Russian battleship named after him. Potemkin is also the name of an early silent film. It has a great scene in which a baby carriage rolls down the Odessa Steps. He died 5 days after his 52nd birthday.
1671 ~ Frederick IV of Denmark and Norway (d. Oct. 12, 1730). He reigned as King from August 1699 until his death 1 day after his 59th birthday.
1543 ~ Hayyim ben Joseph Vital (d. Apr. 23, 1620), rabbi from Safed. The exact date of his birth is not known, but his is believed to have been born on October 11, 1543. He died at age 77.
Events that Changed the World:
2011 ~ Gilad Shalit (b. 1986), the young Israeli soldier who was captured by Palestinian terrorists in June 2006, was released in exchange for over 1000 Palestinian criminals and terrorists.
2001 ~ The Polaroid Corporation filed for federal bankruptcy protection.
1986 ~ United States President Ronald Reagan (1911 ~ 2004) and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev (b. 1931) met in Iceland in an effort to discuss scaling back their intermediate missile arsenals in Europe.
1984 ~ Astronaut Kathryn Sullivan (b. 1951) became the first American woman to perform a space walk. She was aboard the Challenger Space Shuttle.
1975 ~ Saturday Night Live premiered on NBC. Guest on the first show included George Carlin (1937 ~ 2008) and Andy Kaufman (1949 ~ 1984), with musical guests Janis Ian (b. 1951) and Billy Preston (1946 ~ 2006).
1968 ~ NASA launched Apollo 7, the first successful manned Apollo mission. Astronauts Wally Schirra (1923 ~ 2007), Donn Eisele (1930 ~ 1987) and Walter Cunningham (b. 1932) were aboard on this mission.
1950 ~ The Federal Communications Commission granted CBS became the first license to broadcast in color.
1929 ~ With the opening of store #1252 in Delaware, J.C.Penney began operating stores in all 48 States of the Union.
1910 ~ Former President Theodore Roosevelt (1858 ~ 1919) became the first American president to fly when he flew for 4 minutes in a plain built by the Wright brothers.
1890 ~ The Daughters of the American Revolution was founded.
1862 ~ In the aftermath of the American Civil War Battle of Antietam, Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart (1833 ~ 1864) and his men looted Chambers, Pennsylvania during a raid into the north.
1852 ~ The University of Sydney, the oldest university in Australia, opened.
1582 ~ Because of the adoption of the Gregorian calendar, this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1138 ~ A massive earthquake struck in Aleppo, Syria.
Good-Byes:
2017 ~ Arthur Cinader (b. Sept. 8, 1927), American founder of J. Crew, who sold a preppy dream. He died just a month after his 90th birthday.
2011 ~ Franklin Kameny (b. May 21, 1925), American astronomer who fought for gay rights. He died at age 86.
2008 ~ Jörg Haider (b. Jan. 26, 1950), Austrian ultraconservative politician who led the far right. He opposed efforts to unify Europe and often praised Hitler. He was killed in a car accident at age 58.
2007 ~ Werner von Trapp (né Werner Ritter von Trapp; b. Dec. 21, 1915), Austrian singer and member of the Von Trapp family. He was the second oldest son in the family. He died in Waitsfield, Vermont at age 91.
1996 ~ William Vickery (né William Spencer Vickery; b. June 21, 1914), Canadian economist and recipient of the 1996 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. The announcement of his Nobel Prize was just 3 days before his death of heart failure. The award was given to him posthumously. He died at age 82.
1996 ~ Lars Ahlfors (né Lars Valerian Ahlfors; b. Apr. 18, 1907), Finnish-born mathematician. He died at age 89 in Pittsfield, Massachusetts.
1991 ~ Redd Foxx (né John Elroy Sanford; b. Dec. 9, 1922), African-American actor and comedian. He died of a heart attack at age 68.
1988 ~ Wayland Flowers (né Wayland Parrott Flowers, Jr.; b. Nov. 26, 1939), American actor and puppeteer. He died at age 48.
1982 ~ Edith Quimby (née Edith Smaw Hinckley; b. July 10, 1891), American medical researcher and physicist. She is best known as being a founder of nuclear medicine. She died at age 91.
1965 ~ Dorothea Lange (née Dorothea Margaretta Nutzhorn; b. May 26, 1895), American photographer, best known for her work during the Great Depression. She died of esophageal cancer at age 70.
1961 ~ Chico Marx (né Leonard Marx; b. Mar. 22, 1887), American comedian and actor. He was the eldest of the five Marx brothers. He died of arteriolosclerosis at age 74.
1948 ~ André Bloch (b. Nov. 20, 1893), French mathematician. His mathematical legacy is his contribution to complex analysis. He is probably best remembered, however, for the murder of his brother, George, and his aunt and uncle. He was committed to an insane asylum, where he spent the rest of his life. While in the asylum, he made his mark in the field of mathematics. He died at age 54.
1940 ~ Vito Volterra (b. May 3, 1860), Italian mathematician. He is best known for his contributions to mathematical biology. He died at age 80.
1937 ~ Ogden L. Mills (né Ogden Livingston Mills, b. Aug. 23, 1884), American politician. He served as the 50thUnited States Secretary of the Treasury during the Herbert Hoover administration. He served in that Office from February 1932 until March 1933. He died at age 53 of heart disease.
1926 ~ Henry L. Fuqua, Sr. (né Henry Luce Fuqua; b. Nov. 8, 1865), Baton Rouge businessman and 38th Governor of Louisiana. He died in office of causes unknown. He died in Baton Rouge, Louisiana less than a month before his 61st birthday.
1915 ~ Jean-Henri Fabre (né Jean-Henri Casimir Fabre; b. Dec. 22, 1823), French naturalist. He was later fired from his teaching job because he allowed girls to attend his science classes. He died at age 91.
1904 ~ Mary Tenney Gray (née Mary Davy Tenney; b. June 19, 1833), American writer, philanthropist and suffragette. She died at age 71.
1889 ~ James Joule (né James Prescott Joule; b. Dec. 24, 1818), British physicist, mathematician and brewer. He is best known for studying law of conservation of energy and the first law of thermodynamics. He died at age 70.
1852 ~ Gotthold Eisenstein (b. Apr. 16, 1823), German mathematician. He died of tuberculosis at age 29.
1809 ~ Meriwether Lewis (b. Aug. 18, 1774), American explorer, who, along with William Clark, lead the famous Lewis and Clark expedition and the Oregon Trail. He also served as the 2nd Governor of the Louisiana territory. He died under mysterious circumstances that might either have been murder or suicide. He was 35 years old.
1708 ~ Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus (b. Apr. 10, 1651), German mathematician. He died at age 57.
1347 ~ Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor (b. Apr. 1, 1282). He reigned as the Holy Roman Emperor from 1326 until his death in October 1347. He died at age 65.
1303 ~ Pope Boniface VIII (né Benedetto Caetani; b. 1230). He was Pope from December 1294 until his death on this date 9 years later. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 73 at the time of his death.
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