Birthdays:
1965 ~ Chris Penn (né Christopher Shannon Penn; d. Jan. 24, 2006), American actor. He died of cardiomyopathy at age 40.
1963 ~ Daniel Pearl (d. Feb. 1, 2002), American journalist with the Wall Street Journal who was kidnapped on January 23, 2002, and subsequently beheaded by his captors while on assignment in Pakistan. He was murdered for being Jewish. He was 38 years old.
1959 ~ Julia Sweeney (née Julia Anne Sweeney), American actress. She is best known for being a member of the ensemble of Saturday Night Live.
1959 ~ Bradley Whitford, American actor.
1957 ~ Mike Penner (né Michael Daniel Penner; d. Nov. 27, 2009), American male sportswriter who hoped to be a woman. He self-identified as being transsexual. He died by suicide at age 52.
1954 ~ David Lee Roth, American musician and member of Van Halen.
1946 ~ Charles Dance (né Walter Charles Dance), English actor.
1946 ~ Ben Vereen (né Benjamin Augustus Middleton), American dancer and actor.
1942 ~ Radu Vasile (d. July 3, 2013), Romanian Prime Minister. He served in this Office from April 1998 until December 1999. He died at age 70.
1941 ~ Peter Coyote (né Robert Peter Cohon), American actor.
1936 ~ Gerhard Ertl, German chemist and recipient of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
1933 ~ Jay Sebring (d. Aug. 9, 1969), American hair stylist and former boyfriend of Sharon Tate. He was murdered by members of the Manson Family. He was 35 years old at the time of his death.
1931 ~ Major Ronald Ivor Ferguson (né Ronald Ivor Ferguson; d. Mar. 16, 2003), British soldier and father of Sarah, Duchess of York. He died of a heart attack at age 71.
1930 ~ Harold Pinter (d. Dec. 24, 2008), British playwright and recipient of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 78.
1930 ~ Yves Chauvin (d. Jan. 27, 2015), French chemist and recipient of the 2005 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. He died at age 84.
1929 ~ Bernard Mayes (né Anthony Bernard Duncan Mayes; d. Oct. 23, 2014), British former priest who reached out to the suicidal. He started America’s first suicide prevention hotline. He died 2 weeks after his 85th birthday.
1924 ~ Ed Wood, (né Edward Davis Wood, Jr.; d. Dec. 10, 1978), American filmmaker. He is best known for his low-budget science fiction movies, such as Plan 9 From Outer Space. He died at age 54 of a heart attack.
1921 ~ James Clavell (né Charles Edmund Dumaresq Clavell; d. Sept. 6, 1994), Australian-born author and novelist. He is best known for his Asian Saga series, which included Tai-Pan and Shōgun. He was 72 years old.
1919 ~ William Kruskal (né William Henry Kruskal; d. Apr. 21, 2005), American mathematician and statistician. He was a professor at the University of Chicago. He died at age 85.
1918 ~ Yigal Allon (d. Feb. 29, 1980), Israeli general and acting Prime Minister of Israel. He was the commander of the Palmach. He served as Acting Prime Minister from February 1969 until March 1969. He died of heart failure at age 61.
1917 ~ Thelonious Monk (né Thelonious Sphere Monk; d. Feb. 17, 1982), American jazz pianist. He died at age 64.
1916 ~ Ina Ginsburg (d. Nov. 8, 2014), German-born refugee from the Holocaust who became a Washington, D.C., socialite. She died about a month after her 98th birthday.
1913 ~ Claude Simon (d. July 6, 2005), French writer and recipient of the 1985 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 91.
1911 ~ Clare Hollingworth (d. Jan. 10, 2017), British reporter who broke the news of World War II. While traveling from Germany to Poland in 1939, she spotted and reported German forces amassing on the Polish border. Three days later she was the first to report of the German invasion of Poland, which was called the “scoop of the century.” She died at age 105.
1900 ~ Helen Hayes (née Helen Hayes Brown; d. Mar. 17, 1993), American stage actress. She was known as the First Lady of American Theater. She died at age 92.
1895 ~ Lin Yutang (d. Mar. 26, 1976), Chinese writer and translator. He died at age 80.
1861 ~ Fridtjof Nansen (d. May 13, 1930), Norwegian explorer and diplomat. He was the recipient of the 1922 Nobel Peace Prize. He died of a heart attack at age 68.
1830 ~ Queen Isabella II of Spain (d. Apr. 9, 1904). She died at age 73.
1828 ~ Samuel J. Randall (né Samuel Jackson Randall; d. Apr. 13, 1890), Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. He was a Democrat politician from Pennsylvania. He served as Speaker of the House from December 1876 until March 1881, during the presidencies of Ulysses Grant and Rutherford B. Hayes. He died of colon cancer at age 61.
1825 ~ Paul Kruger (né Stephanus Johannes Paulus Kruger; d. July 14, 1904), President of the South African Republic. He was President from May 1882 until September 1900. The currency of South Africa, the Krugerrand, was named after him. He died at age 78.
1820 ~ Silas Bent, III (d. Aug. 26, 1887), American naval officer. He is best known for his contributions to the study of oceanography. He died at age 66.
1738 ~ Benjamin West (d. Mar. 11, 1820), English-American painter. He died at age 81.
1731 ~ Henry Cavendish (d. Feb. 25, 1810), English chemist. He died at age 78.
1684 ~ Jean-Antoine Watteau (d. July 18, 1721), French painter. He died of tuberculosis at age 36.
1629 ~ Richard Towneley (d. Jan. 22, 1707), English mathematician and astronomer. He died at age 77.
867 ~ Li Siyaun (d. Dec. 15, 933), 2nd Chinese Emperor of the Later Tang dynasty. He ruled from June 926 until his death in 933. He died at age 66.
Events that Changed the World:
2018 ~ Hurricane Michael made landfall on the Florida panhandle as a Category 5 storm. Ultimately 57 people were killed by the hurricane in the United States.
2015 ~ Two terrorist bomb blasts in Ankara, Turkey leave over 100 people dead and 400 injured.
1986 ~ A 7.5 magnitude earthquake hit San Salvador, El Salvador. Approximately 1500 people were killed.
1973 ~ United States Vice President Spiro T. Agnew (1918 ~ 1996) resigned after being charged with federal income tax evasion.
1964 ~ The 1964 Summer Olympics opened in Tokyo, Japan. It was the first live Olympic television broadcast of the Olympics.
1944 ~ 800 Gypsy children were murdered at the Auschwitz concentration camp.
1933 ~ A United Airline flight from Cleveland, Ohio to Chicago, exploded mid-air. This is believed to have been the first recorded acts of air sabotage. No suspect has been discovered and the incident remains unsolved.
1928 ~ Chiang Kai-Shek (1887 ~ 1975) became the Chairman of the Republic of China.
1911 ~ The Wuchang Uprising, an armed rebellion against the Qing Dynasty, began and led to the ultimate downfall of the Qing Dynasty, the last Imperial court of China, and foretold the creation of the Republic of China.
1897 ~ Felix Hoffman (1868 ~ 1946), a German chemist, discovered a way to synthesize aspirin.
1846 ~ British astronomer William Lassell (1799 ~ 1880) discovered Triton, the largest moon of the planet Neptune.
1845 ~ The United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland opened. There were 50 midshipmen in the first class and seven professors.
1780 ~ The Great Hurricane of 1780 killed between 20,000 and 30,000 people in the Caribbean.
1582 ~ Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this date does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
Good-Byes:
2018 ~ Raye Montague (née Raye Jean Jordan; b. Jan. 21, 1935), African-American warship designed who shattered racial and gender barriers. She was a naval engineer who is credited with creating the first computer-generated drafts of United States naval ships. She died at age 83.
2018 ~ Tex Winter (né Morice Fredrick Winter; b. Feb. 25, 1922), American coach who changed the shape of basketball. He was the innovator of the triangle offense. He died at age 96.
2015 ~ Richard F. Heck (né Richard Frederick Heck; b. Aug. 15, 1931), American chemist and recipient of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born in Springfield, Massachusetts. He died at age 84.
2013 ~ Scott Carpenter (né Malcolm Scott Carpenter, b. May 1, 1925), American astronaut. He was one of the original seven astronauts in the Mercury project. He died at age 88.
2012 ~ Alex Karras (née Alexander George Karras; b. July 15, 1935), American football player and actor. He died at age 77.
2010 ~ Dame Joan Sutherland (née Joan Alston Sutherland; b. Nov. 7, 1926), Australian operatic soprano. She died about a month before her 84th birthday.
2004 ~ Christopher Reeve (né Christopher D’Olier Reeve; b. Sept. 25, 1952), American actor best known for his role as Superman in the movie of the same name. He was paralyzed following an equine accident in 1995. He died about 3 weeks after his 52nd birthday.
1998 ~ Clark Clifford (né Clark McAdams Clifford; b. Dec. 15, 1906), 9th United States Secretary of Defense. He served in the Lyndon Johnson administration from February 1968 until January 1969. He had previously served as White House Counsel during the Truman administration from February 1946 until January 1950. He died at age 91.
1985 ~ Yul Brynner (né Yuliy Borisovich Briner; b. July 11, 1920), Russian-born actor, best known for his role as Mongkut, the king of Siam in the musical, The King and I. He died at age 65 of lung cancer.
1985 ~ Orson Welles (né George Orson Welles; b. May 6, 1915), American film director and actor. He died of a heart attack at age 70.
1973 ~ Ludwig von Mises (b. Sept. 29, 1881), Austrian economist. He died 11 days after his 92nd birthday.
1970 ~ Édouard Daladier (b. June 18, 1884), three time Prime Minister of France. He died at age 86.
1964 ~ Eddie Cantor (né Isidore Itzkowitz, b. Jan. 31, 1892), American singer and actor. He died at age 72.
1963 ~ Édith Piaf (née Édith Giovanna Gassion, b. Dec. 19, 1915), French singer and actress. She died of cancer at age 47.
1914 ~ King Carol I of Romania (b. Apr. 20, 1839), King of Romania. He ruled from March 1881 until his death 33 years later in October 1914. He died at age 75.
1913 ~ Adolphus Busch (b. July 10, 1839), American brewer and co-founder of the Anheuser-Busch company. He died at age 74.
1911 ~ Jack Daniel (né Jasper Newton Daniel; b. Jan. 1949), American businessman and founder of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey Distilleries. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 62 at the time of his death.
1893 ~ Lipman Pike (né Lipman Emanuel Pike; b. May 25, 1845), one of the first American professional baseball players and the first Jewish player. He died of heart disease at age 48.
1872 ~ William H. Seward (né William Henry Seward, b. May 16, 1801), 24th United States Secretary of State. He served under Presidents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson during the American Civil War, from March 1861 until March 1869. He is best remembered for engineering the purchase of what is now the State of Alaska from Russia. He died at age 71.
1837 ~ Charles Fourier (né François Marie Charles Fourier, b. Apr. 7, 1772), French philosopher. He died at age 65.
1836 ~ Martha Jefferson Randolph (née Martha Jefferson, b. Sept. 27, 1772), daughter of President Thomas Jefferson. Because Jefferson was a widow when he was President, Martha took over the role as First Lady. She served in that capacity from March 1801 to March 1809. She was 28 years old when she took this role. She died 13 days after her 64th birthday.
1708 ~ David Gregory (b. June 3, 1659), Scottish-English mathematician and astronomer. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but it is believed to have been June 3, 1659. He died at age 49.
1659 ~ Abel Tasman (b. 1603), Dutch explorer. Tasmania is named for him. The date of his birth is not known.
1617 ~ Bernardino Baldi (b. June 5, 1553), Italian mathematician. He died at age 64.
827 ~ Pope Valentine. He was Pope for only 2 months, from August to October 827. The date of his birth is not known.
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