Birthdays:
1980~ Jacinda Ardern (née Jacinda Kate Laurell Ardern), Prime Minister of New Zealand. She assumed office in October 2017. While in office, in June 2018, she gave birth to a baby girl.
1966~ Tom Sachs, American contemporary artist.
1964~ Sandra Bullock (née Sandra Annette Bullock), American actress.
1959~ Rick Bragg (né Ricky Edward Brag), American author and journalist. He is best known for his memoir, All Over but the Shouting.
1959~ Kevin Spacey (né Kevin Spacey Fowler), American actor. His career derailed in 2017 following a sex scandal.
1957~ Santi Santamaria (né Jaume Santamaria i Puig; d. Feb. 16, 2011), Spanish Catalan chef who denigrated cooking’s avant-garde. He died at age 53 of a heart attack.
1956~ Dorothy Hamill (née Dorothy Stuart Hamill), American ice skater.
1945~ Ken Kaiser (né Kenneth John Kaiser; d. Aug. 8, 2017), American Major League Baseball umpire who gave as good as he got. He died of complications of diabetes 13 days after his 72nd birthday.
1945~ Dame Helen Mirren (née Helen Lydia Mironoff), British actress.
1943~ Sir Mick Jagger (né Michael Philip Jagger), frontman for the Rolling Stones.
1940~ Mary Jo Kopechne (d. July 18, 1969), American secretary and aide to Teddy Kennedy. She was killed when the car she was riding in that was driven by Ted Kennedy went off the road into Chappaquiddick Bay. Her story is told in the 2017 movie entitled Chappaquiddick. She died 8 days before her 29th birthday.
1928~ Stanley Kubrick (d. Mar. 7, 1999), American film director. He died of a heart attack at age 70.
1923~ Jan Berenstain (née Janice Marian Grant; d. Feb. 24, 2012), American author, who along with her husband Stan Berenstain (1923 ~ 2005), wrote and illustrated the children’s book series, The Berenstain Bears. Jan died at age 88; Stan died at age 82.
1922~ Jason Robards (né Jason Nelson Robards, Jr., d. Dec. 26, 2000), American actor. He died of lung cancer at age 78.
1922~ Blake Edwards (né William Blake Crump, d. Dec. 15, 2010), American movie director and husband of Julie Andrews. He is known for the Pink Panther movies. He died of pneumonia at age 88.
1921~ Jean Shepherd (né Jean Parker Shepherd, Jr.; d. Oct. 16, 1999), American radio host. He is best known for the 1983 movie, A Christmas Story. He died at age 78.
1909~ Vivian Vance (née Vivian Roberta Jones; d. Aug. 17, 1979), American actress and side-kick Ethel to Lucille Ball on the I Love Lucy television show. She died of cancer 22 days after her 70th birthday.
1907~ Donal McLaughlin, Jr. (d. Sept. 27, 2009), American architect and graphic artist who created the United Nations logo. He died of esophageal cancer at age 102.
1897~ Paul Gallico (né Paul William Gallico; d. July 15, 1976), American author. He wrote The Silent Miaow. He died 11 days before his 79th birthday.
1895~ Gracie Allen (née Grace Ethel Cecile Rosalie Allen; d. Aug. 27, 1964), American actress and comedian. She was the wife of George Burns. She died of a heart attack a month after her 69th birthday.
1894~ Aldous Huxley (né Aldous Leonard Huxley; d. Nov. 22, 1963), English-born author. He is best known for his novel Brave New World. He died at age 69 of laryngeal cancer.
1885~ André Maurois (né Émile Salomon Wilhelm Herzog; d. Oct. 9, 1967), French author. He died at 82.
1875~ Carl Jung (né Carl Gustav Jung; d. June 6, 1961), Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist. He died at age 85.
1856~ George Bernard Shaw (d. Nov. 2, 1950), Irish playwright and recipient of the 1925 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 94.
1829~ August Beernaert (néAugust Marie François Beernaert; d. Oct. 6, 1912), Prime Minister of Belgium and recipient of the 1909 Nobel Peace Prize. He was awarded the Peace Prize for his work at the Court of Permanent Arbitration. He served as Prime Minister from October 1884 until March 1894. He died at age 83.
1802~ Mariano Arista (d. Aug. 7, 1855), Mexican general and President of Mexico. He was President from January 1851 until January 1853. He died 12 days after his 53rd birthday.
1739~ George Clinton (d. Apr. 20, 1812), 4th Vice President of the United States. He served under Presidents Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and was Vice President from March 1805 until his death at age 72 in 1812. He was the first Vice President to die in Office.
1727~ Horatio Gates (né Horatio Lloyd Gates; d. Apr. 10, 1806), retired British soldier who served as an American General in the American Revolutionary War. He is credited for the American victory at the Battle of Saratoga. He died at age 78.
1711~ Lorenz Christoph Mizler (d. May 8, 1778), German mathematician and physician. He died at age 66.
1678~ Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. Apr. 17, 1711). He reigned as the Holy Roman Emperor from May 1705 until his death in 1711. He was married to Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg. He died of small pox at age 32.
Events that Changed the World:
2016~ Two Islamist terrorists men armed with knives attacked a church in Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, near Rouen, France. A priest, nuns and congregants were taken hostage. The priest was killed before the attackers were taken down.
2016~ Hillary Clinton (b. 1947) became the first female nominee for President of the United States by a major political party. She was the Democratic nominee.
1990~ The Americans with Disabilities Act was signed into law.
1956~ Egyptian leader Gamal Nasser (1918 ~ 1970) nationalized the Suez Canal following the World Bank’s refusal to fund the building of the Aswan High Dam.
1948~ President Harry Truman (1884 ~ 1972) signed Executive Order 9981, which desegregated the United States military.
1947~ President Harry Truman (1884 ~ 1972) signed the National Security Act of 1947, thereby creating the Central Intelligence Agency, the United States Department of Defense, the United States Air Force, the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the United States National Security Council.
1946~ Aloha Airlines began service from Honolulu International Airport.
1944~ The Soviet Army captured the Ukrainian city of Lviv from the Nazis. Only about 300 of the 160,000 Jews Lviv survived Nazi occupation.
1941~ President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882 ~ 1945) ordered the seizure of all Japanese assets in the United States in response to the Japanese occupation of French Indochina.
1918~ Emmy Noether (1882 ~ 1935) presented her paper, now known as Noether’s Theorem, was presented at Göttingen, Germany.
1908~ The United States Office of the Chief Examiner was established. This agency was later renamed to become the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
1861~ General George B. McClellan (1826 ~ 1885) assumed command of the United States Army following the disastrous Union defeat during the American Civil War’s First Battle of Bull Run.
1847~ Liberia declared its independence.
1788~ New York State ratified the United States Constitution, thereby becoming the 11th State of the United States.
1775~ The Second Continental Congress established the Office that would become the United States Post Office Department. Benjamin Franklin (1706 ~ 1790) was the first Postmaster General.
1745~ The first recorded women’s cricket match took place near Guildford, England. It was a match between the villages of Bramley and Hambledon, England. The Hambledon team won.
1529~ Francisco Pizarro González (1470s ~ 1541) was appointed the governor of Peru. He would late be killed by the Incan emperor.
Good-byes:
2018~ Bill Loud (né William Carberry Loud, b. Jan. 22, 1921), American father who headed An American Family. An American Family was considered the first television reality show. It aired on public television in 1973 and was about the daily life of an upper middle class family in California. He died at age 97.
2017~ June Forey (née June Lucille Forer; b. Sept. 18, 1917), American actress who gave cartoon characters a voice. She was best known as the voice of Rocky the Flying Squirrel and Natasha Fatale from The Bullwinkle Show, and Cindy Lou Who from How the Grinch Stole Christmas. She was born in Springfield, Massachusetts. She died at age 99.
2015~ Bobbi Kristina Brown (b. Mar. 4, 1993), American television personality. She was the daughter of Whitney Houston and Bobby Brown. She died of a drug overdose, in a similar manner to her mother. She was 22 years old.
2015~ Ann Rule (née Ann Rae Stackhouse, b. Oct. 22, 1931), American true-crime writer who profiled serial killers. She began her career as a police officer. She was 83 years old.
2013~ J.J. Cale (né John Weldon Cale; b. Dec. 5, 1938), rock musician who wrote Cocaine. He died at age 74.
2013~ Luther F. Cole (né Luther Francis Cole; b. Oct. 25, 1925), Louisiana Supreme Court Justice from Baton Rouge, Louisiana. He died at age 87.
2013~ Harley Flanders (b. Sept. 13, 1925), American mathematician. He died at age 87.
2012~ James D. Watkins (né James David Watkins; b. Mar. 7, 1927), 6th United States Secretary of Energy. He served under President George H. W. Bush from March 1989 until January 1993. He died of congestive heart failure at age 85.
2009~ Merce Cunningham (né Mercier Philip Cunningham; b. Apr. 16, 1919), the maverick American dancer who celebrated the body. He died at age 90.
2000~ John Tukey (né John Wilder Tukey; b. June 16, 1915), American mathematician. He was born in New Bedford, Massachusetts. He died at age 85.
1997~ Kunihiko Kodaira (b. Mar. 16, 1915), Japanese mathematician. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1954. He died at age 82.
1994~ James Luther Adams (b. Nov. 12, 1901), American theologian and professor at the Harvard Divinity School. He died in Cambridge, Massachusetts at age 92.
1992~ Mary Wells (née Mary Esther Wells; b. May 13, 1943), African-American singer and member of The Supremes. She died of cancer at age 59.
1986~ W. Averell Harriman (né William Averell Harriman; b. Nov. 15, 1891), 11th Secretary of Commerce. He served under President Harry S Truman from October 1946 through April 1948. He then became the Governor of New York, where he served in Office from January 1955 through December 1958. He died at age 94.
1984~ George Gallup (né George Horace Gallup; b. Nov. 18, 1901), American mathematician, statistician, and creator of the Gallup poll. He died at age 82.
1980~ Kenneth Tynan (né Kenneth Peacock Tynan; b. Apr. 2, 1927), British theater critic and writer. He died of pulmonary emphysema at age 53.
1971~ Diane Arbus (née Diane Nemerov; b. Mar. 14, 1923), American photographer. She died by suicide at age 48.
1960~ Maud Menten (née Maud Leonora Menten; b. Mar. 20, 1879), Canadian physician and biochemist. She made significant contributions to the study of enzyme kinetics and histochemistry. She died at age 81.
1952~ Eva Perón (née Eva María Duarte; b. May 7, 1919), Argentine actress. She was also the First Lady of Argentine and second wife of Juan Perón. She died of cancer at age 33.
1944~ Rezā Shāh Pahlavi (b. Mar. 15, 1878), Shah of Iran. He was Shah from December 1925 until September 1941. He died at age 66.
1941~ Henri Lebesgue (né Henri Léon Lebesgue; b. June 28, 1875), French mathematician. He died a month after his 66th birthday.
1937~ Gerda Taro (née Gerdt Pororylle; b. Aug. 1, 1910), German war photographer. She photographed many events during the Spanish Civil War. She is regarded as the first female photojournalist to cover the front lines of a war. She was killed following a vehicular accident while covering the war events. She died 6 days after her 26th birthday.
1926~ Robert Todd Lincoln (b. Aug. 1, 1843), oldest son of President Abraham and Mary Todd Lincoln. He served as the 35th United States Secretary of War under Presidents James Garfield and Chester Arthur. He served in that office from March 1881 until March 1886. He died a week before his 83rd birthday.
1925~ William Jennings Bryan (b. Mar. 19, 1860), American lawyer and politician. He served as the 41st United States Secretary of State. He held that Office from March 1913 until June 1915 during the Woodrow Wilson administration. He is most famous for his defense during the Scopes “Monkey” trial. He died 5 days following the conclusion of the Scopes trial. He was 65 years old.
1925~ Gottlob Frege (né Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege; b. Nov. 8, 1848), German mathematician and logician. He died at age 76.
1863~ Sam Houston (b. Mar. 2, 1793), American political leader, Governor of Tennessee, President of the Republic of Texas, and Governor of Texas. The city of Houston, Texas was named after him. He died of pneumonia at age 70.
1863~ John J. Crittenden (né John Jordan Crittenden; b. Sept. 10, 1787), 15th and 22nd United States Attorney General. He served his first term during the William Henry Harrison and John Tyler administrations, from March 1841 until September 1841. He was Attorney General under President Millard Fillmore from July 1850 to March 1853. He died at age 75.
1684~ Elena Cornaro Piscopia (b. June 5, 1646), Italian mathematician. She was the first woman to receive a Doctor of Philosopher when she graduated from the University of Padua. She died of tuberculosis at age 38.
1533~ Atahualpa (b. 1500), Incan Emperor who was murdered by Francisco Pizarro. He was believed to have been about 33 years old at the time of his death.
1471~ Pope Paul II (né Pietro Barbo; b. Feb. 23, 1417). He was Pope from August 1464 until his death of a heart attack 7 years later. He was 54 years old.
432~ Pope Celestine I. He was Pope from September 422 until his death 10 years later. The date of his birth is unknown.
342~ Cheng of Jin (b. 321), Emperor of the Jin Dynasty. The exact date of his birth is not known.
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