Birthdays:
1981~ Karen Russell, American novelist and short-story writer. She was the recipient of the 2012 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the 2013 MacArthur Foundation Genius Grant.
1951~ Phyllis Smith, American actress, best known for her role as Phyllis on television’s The Office. She had been a casting associate when she was offered this role.
1949~ Naomi Ragen, American-Israeli novelist.
1947~ Arlo Guthrie (né Arlo Davy Guthrie), American musician.
1943~ Arthur Ashe (né Arthur Robert Ashe, Jr.; d. Feb. 6, 1993), American tennis player. He died at age 49.
1941~ Jake Eberts (né John David Eberts; d. Sept. 6, 2012), Canadian film producer who aimed high for Oscar glory. He produced such films as Chariots of Fire, Gandhi, Driving Miss Daisy and Dances with Wolves. He died of melanoma at age 71.
1931~ Alice Munro (née Alice Ann Laidlaw), Canadian author. She was the recipient of the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature.
1928~ Moshe Greenberg (d. May 15, 2010), American-Israeli scholar and rabbi. He died at age 81.
1927~ Grigory Barenblatt (d. June 22, 2018), Russian mathematician. He died 13 days before his 91st birthday.
1927~ David Dinkins (né David Norman Dinkins), 106th Mayor of New York City. He served as Mayor from January 1990 through December 1999.
1926~ Fred Gwynne (né Frederick Hubbard Gwynne. d. July 2, 1993), American actor. He is best known for his role in The Munsters. He died 8 days before his 67th birthday of pancreatic cancer.
1922~ Jean Kerr (née Bridget Jean Collins; d. Jan. 5, 2003), American author. She is best known for her book, Please Don’t Eat the Daisies. She died at age 80.
1922~ Ewald-Heinrich von Kleist-Schmenzin (d. Mar. 8, 2013), German aristocrat who plotted to kill Hitler. He was involved in a suicide plot to kill Hitler. The plot failed and he was sent to a concentration camp for the duration of the war. He died at age 90.
1922~ Jake LaMotta (né Giacobbe LaMotte; d. Sept. 19, 2017), American boxer. He was known as The Raging Bull. He died at age 95.
1921~ Harvey Ball (né Harvey Ross Ball; d. Apr. 12, 2001), American illustrator who created the Smiley Face. He died at of liver failure at age 79.
1921~ Eunice Kennedy Shriver (née Eunice Mary Kennedy; d. Aug. 11, 2009), American founder of the Special Olympics, sister of President John F. Kennedy and mother of Maria Shriver. She died of a stroke a month after her 88th birthday.
1920~ David Brinkley (né David McClure Brinkley; d. June 11, 2003), American television journalist and reporter. He co-anchored the Huntley-Brinkley Report with Chet Huntley from 1956 thorough 1970. He died in Houston, Texas a month before his 83rd birthday.
1920~ Owen Chamberlain (d. Feb. 28, 2006), American physicist and recipient of the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died at age 85.
1916~ Thomas C. Griffin (né Thomas Carson Griffin; d. Feb. 26, 2013), American World War II navigator who helped steer the Doolittle Raid. He died at age 96.
1914~ Joe Shuster (né Joseph Shuster; d. July 30, 1992), Canadian-born illustrator who, along with Jerry Siegel, created the comic strip, Superman. He died 3 weeks after his 78thbirthday.
1902~ Kurt Alder (d. June 20, 1958), German chemist and recipient of the 1950 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died under mysterious circumstances 20 days before his 56th birthday.
1891~ Edith Quimby (née Edith Smaw Hinckley; d. Oct. 11, 1982), American medical researcher and physicist. She is best known as being a founder of nuclear medicine. She died at age 91.
1882~ Ima Hogg (d. Aug. 19, 1975), American society woman and patron of the arts. She was known as the First Lady of Texas. Her home in Houston, Texas is now a part of the Museum of Fine Arts and is known as Bayou Bend. She died at age 93.
1875~ Mary McLeod Bethune (née Mary Jane McLeod; d. May 18, 1955), African-American educator and civil rights activist. She died at age 79.
1871~ Marcel Proust (né Valentin Louis Georges Eugène Proust; d. Nov. 18, 1922), French writer. He died at age 51.
1856~ Nikola Tesla (d. Jan. 7, 1943), Serbian-American physicist and inventor. He is born in what is now considered modern Croatia, but at the time of his birth was under the Austrian empire. He died of coronary thrombosis at age 86 in New York City.
1839~ Adolphus Busch (d. Oct. 10, 1913), German brewer and co-founder of the Anheuser-Busch company. He died at age 74.
1834~ James Abbott McNeill Whistler (d. July 17, 1903), American painter, best known for his painting officially entitled Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1, but more commonly known as Whistler’s Mother. He was born in Lowell, Massachusetts. He died in London 7 days after his 69th birthday.
1830~ Camille Pissarro (né Jacob Abraham Camille Pissarro; d. Nov. 13, 1903), French impressionist painter. He was born on the Caribbean island of St. Thomas. His father was of Portuguese-Jewish descent and his mother was of French-Jewish descent. His story is told in the novel The Marriage of Opposites, by Alice Hoffman. He died at age 73.
1792~ George M. Dallas (né George Mifflin Dallas, d. Dec. 31, 1864), 11th Vice President of the United States. He served under President James Polk from March 1845 until March 1849. He died at age 72.
1724~ Eva Ekeblad (née Eva De la Gardie; d. May 15, 1786), Swedish noblewoman and agronomist. She is best known for discovering a method to make alcohol and flour from potatoes. She was the first woman member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. She died at age 61.
1723~ Sir William Blackstone (d. Feb. 14, 1780), English politician and lawyer. He died at age 56.
1682~ Roger Cotes (d. June 5, 1716), English mathematician. He died of violent fever at age 33.
1509~ John Calvin (né Jehan Cauvin; d. May 27, 1564), French theologian. He was an influential religious leader during the Protestant Reformation. He died at age 54.
1452~ King James III of Scotland (d. June 11, 1488). He was king from August 1460 until his death in 1488. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but it is believed to have been July 10. He is believed to have been killed in battle at about a month before his 37th birthday.
1269~ Duan Zong (d. May 8, 1278), 17th Chinese emperor of the Song Dynasty. He was emperor from June 1276 until his death 2 years later. He died at age 8 years old.
Events that Changed the World:
2005~ Hurricane Dennis hit the Florida Panhandle.
1992~ Manuel Noriega (1943 ~ 2017), the former President of Panama, was sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations in the Miami, Florida. His sentence was later commuted to 17 years. He was extradited to Panama in 2011. In 2017, he was released from prison and placed under house arrest.
1991~ Boris Yeltsin (1931 ~ 2007) took the oath of office as the first elected president of the Russian republic.
1985~ The Greenpeace vessel, The Rainbow Warrior, was bombed and sunk in Auckland harbor, New Zeeland, by French intelligence agents. Freelance photographer Fernando Perriera (1950 ~ 1985) was killed in the bombing.
1973~ Sixteen-year old John Paul Getty, III (1956 ~ 2011), grandson of J. Paul Getty (1892 ~ 1976), the oil magnate, was kidnapped in Rome, Italy. His grandfather refused to pay the ransom money, until after the kidnappers cut off his ear and sent it to the family. He was eventually released in December 1973. This event was depicted in the 2017 movie, All the Money in the World.
1962~ Telstar, the world’s first communications satellite, was launched into orbit.
1951~ Armistice negotiations to end the Korean War began at Kaesong.
1941~ The Jews of Jadwabne, Poland were massacred in the Jadwabne Pogrom.
1940~ The Vichy government was established in France during World War II.
1925~ The Scopes Trial, formally known as The State of Tennessee v. John Scopes, and more informally known as the Scopes Monkey Trial, began, in which high school teacher, John Scopes (1900 ~ 1970), was accused of teaching evolution in the public schools. He would ultimately be found guilty and fined $100.
1913~ The highest recorded temperature in the United States was reached in Death Valley, California, when the thermometer reached 134 Fo.
1890~ Wyoming became the 44th State of the Union.
1850~ Millard Fillmore (1800 ~ 1874) was inaugurated as the 13th President of the United States following the death of President Zachary Taylor (1784 ~ 1805) the previous day, who was only 16 months into his term.
1821~ The United States took possession of Florida territory from Spain.
1553~ Lady Jane Grey (1536 ~ 1554) took the throne of England, however, she was Queen for only nine days.
1212~ London, England was nearly totally destroyed by a severe fire.
Good-Byes:
2018~ John A. Stormer (b. Feb. 9, 1928), American right-wing author who warned of a communist conspiracy. He died at age 90.
2015~ Roger Rees (b. May 5, 1944), Welsh actor best known for his role as Robin Colcord on Cheers. He died of brain cancer at age 71.
2015~ Omar Sharif (né Michel Dimitri Chalhoub, b. Apr. 10, 1932), Egyptian actor and playboy who excelled in exotic roles. He was best known for his role as Dr. Zhivago in the movie of the same name and for his role in Lawrence of Arabia. He died of a heart attack at age 83.
2011~ Travis Bean (né Clifford Travis Bean; b. Aug. 21, 1947), American guitar maker who made metal sing. He died at age 63.
1989~ Mel Blanc (né Melvin Jerome Blank; b. May 30, 1908), American voice actor known for creating the voices of many cartoon characters, including Bugs Bunny, Porky Pig and Sylvester the cat. He died of heart disease and emphysema at age 81.
1979~ Arthur Fiedler (b. Dec. 17, 1894), American conductor who led the Boston Pops for many years. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and died in Brookline, Massachusetts. He died at age 84.
1978~ John D. Rockefeller, III (né John Davidson Rockefeller, III; b. Mar. 21, 1906), American businessman and philanthropist. He died at age 72.
1962~ Yehuda Leib Maimon (né Yehuda Leib Fishman, b. Dec. 11, 1875), Israeli rabbi and politician. He was a leader of the Religious Zionist Movement. He died at age 86.
1957~ Sholem Asch (né Szalom Asz; b. Nov. 1, 1880), Polish-born American Yiddish writer. He died at age 76.
1941~ Jelly Roll Morton (né Ferdinand Joseph LaMothe; b. Oct. 20, 1885), Louisiana ragtime and Jazz pianist and composer. He got his start in New Orleans, Louisiana. He was born in New Orleans, although the date and month of his birth is actually known, he always claimed October 20 at the date of his birth. He died at age 50 in Los Angeles after having been stabbed and the whites-only hospital refused to treat his injuries. Although he recovered from his wounds, his recovery was not complete and he ultimately died of respiratory problems that stemmed from the stabbing. His musical style was risqué, but his music lives on.
1889~ Julia Tyler (née Julia Gardiner; b. May 4, 1820), First Lady of the United States and second wife of President John Tyler. She served as First Lady for less than a year because John Tyler died in office. She died at age 69.
1863~ Clement Clarke Moore (b. July 15, 1779), American author and educator. He is best known for his book that became known as The Night Before Christmas. He died 5 days before his 84thbirthday.
1858~ Auguste de Montferrand (b. Jan. 23, 1786), French-born Russian architect. He designed St. Isaac’s Cathedral and Alexander Column in St. Petersburg, Russia. He died at age 72.
1851~ Louis-Jacques Daguerre (né Louis-Jacques Mandé Daguerre; b. Nov. 18, 1787), French physicist inventor of the daguerreotype, the forerunner of photography. He died at age 63.
1805~ Thomas Wedgwood (b. May 14, 1771), British early pioneer as a photographer. He was a son of Josiah Wedgwood. He died at age 34.
1584~ William I of Orange (b. Apr. 24, 1533). He was also known as William the Silent. He was instrumental in the creation of the country of the Netherlands. He died at age 51.
1559~ King Henry II of France (b. Mar. 31, 1519). He was king from March 1547 until his death 12 years later. He died at age 40 from an injury sustained to his eye during a jousting match.
1460~ Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, 6th Earl of Stafford (b. Aug. 15, 1402), English commander in the Hundred Years’ War and the War of the Roses. He died a month before his 58th birthday.
1290~ Ladislaus IV of Hungary (b. Aug. 5, 1262). He was assassinated at 26 days before his 28th birthday.
1103~ King Eric I of Denmark (b. 1060). He was also known as Eric the Good. The exact date of his birth is unknown. He is believed to have been about 42 or 43 at the time of his death.
1086~ Canute IV (b. 1043), King of Denmark. The exact date of his birth is not known.
983~ Pope Benedict VII. He was Pope from October 974 until his death 9 years later. The date of his birth is not known.
649~ Tai Zong (b. Jan. 28, 598), 2nd Chinese Emperor of the Tang Dynasty. He ruled from September 626 until his death in July 649. He died at age 51.
138~ Hadrian (Jan. 24, b. 76), the date ascribed to the death of the Roman Emperor. He was buried in Rome next to his wife, Vibia Sabina (83 ~ 137). He died at age 62.
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