Birthdays:
1970~ Kevin Smith (né Kevin Patrick Smith), American actor and film director.
1964~ Mary-Louise Parker, American actress.
1959~ Victoria Jackson, American actress best known for being a part of the cast of Saturday Night Live from 1986 until 1992.
1955~ Caleb Carr, American novelist and military historian. He is best known for his novel The Alienist.
1950~ Lance Ito (né Lance Allen Ito), American judge who presided over the OJ Simpson murder trial.
1942~ Isabel Allende, Chilean novelist.
1941~ Jules A. Hoffmann, French biologist and recipient of the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
1939~ Wes Craven (né Wesley Earl Craven, d. Aug 30, 2015), American film director who was the master of horror creating the Nightmare on Elm Street franchise and bringing Freddy Krueger to life. He died of brain cancer 28 days after his 76th birthday.
1939~ John W. Snow (né John William Snow), 73rd United States Secretary of the Treasury. He served under President George W. Bush from February 2003 until June 2006.
1937~ Billy Cannon (né William Abb Cannon, d. May 20, 2018), 1959 winner of football’s Heisman trophy winner when he played at Louisiana State University. He was later involved in a counterfeiting scheme and was sentenced to 5 years at the Federal Correctional Institution in Texarkana. He died in St. Francesville, Louisiana at age 80.
1932~ Peter O’Toole (né Peter Seamus O’Toole, d. Dec. 14, 2013), Irish actor. He is best known for his role as T.E. Lawrence in the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia. He died at age 81.
1927~ Sir Peter Swinnerton-Dyer, 16th Baronet (né Henry Peter Francis Swinnerton-Dyer), British mathematician known for his work in number theory.
1925~ Jorge Rafael Videla (d. May 17, 2013), 43rd President of Argentina and head of Argentina’s military junta from 1976 to 1981. After the return of the democratic government, he was prosecuted for human rights violations and crimes against humanity. He died at age 87.
1924~ James Baldwin (né James Arthur Baldwin, d. Dec. 1, 1987), African-American writer best known for his first novel, To Tell It on the Mountain. He died at age 63.
1924~ Carroll O’Connor (né John Carroll O’Connor, d. June 21, 2001), American actor, best known for his role as Archie Bunker on the TV series, All in the Family. He died of a heart attack at age 76.
1923~ Shimon Peres (né Szymon Perski, d. Sept. 28, 2016), Israeli politician. He served as Prime Minister of Israel from November 1995 until June 18, 1996. He served as the President of Israel from July 2007 until July 2014. He died at age 93.
1905~ Myrna Loy (née Myrna Adele Williams, d. Dec. 14, 1993), American actress. She died at age 88.
1894~ Bertha Lutz (née Bertha Maria Júlia Lutz, d. Sept. 16, 1976), Brazilian zoologist and social rights activist. She died at age 82.
1892~ Jack L. Warner (né Jacob Warner, d. Sept. 9, 1978), Canadian production manager and co-founder, along with his brothers Samuel, Harry and Albert, of Warner Brothers movie studio. He died about a month after his 86th birthday.
1887~ Oskar Anderson (né OskarJohann Viktor Anderson, d. Feb. 12, 1960), German mathematician. He died at age 72.
1871~ John Sloan (né John French Sloan, d. Sept. 7, 1951), American artist. He died of cancer at age 80 in Hanover, New Hampshire.
1835~ Elisha Gray (d. Jan. 21, 1901), American inventor and businessman. He founded Western Electric. He died in Newtonville, Massachusetts at age 65.
1834~ Frédéric Bartholdi (né Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, d. Oct. 4, 1904), French sculptor and designer of the Statue of Liberty. He died at age 70.
1754~ Pierre Charles L’Enfant (d. June 14, 1825), French architect and engineer who designed Washington, D.C. He died at age 70.
1612~ Saskia van Uylenburgh (d. June 14, 1642), Dutch model and wife of Rembrandt. She died at age 29, probably from tuberculosis.
Events that Changed the World:
1990~ Iraq invaded Kuwait, ultimately led to the Gulf War.
1968~ An earthquake struck in the Philippines killing nearly 300 people and injuring over 350 others.
1947~ A British South American Airways Avro Lancastrian airliner crashed into the Andes on a flight from Buenos Aires, Argentina to Santiago, Chile. The wreckage would not be found until the late 1990s. An investigation in 2000 determined the crash was due to weather-related factors.
1943~ The Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109, commanded by John F. Kennedy (1917 ~ 1963), was rammed by a Japanese destroyer. Kennedy saved all but two of his crew.
1943~ About 700 Jewish prisoners revolted at Treblinka. About 200 Jews escaped, but most were killed in the ensuing chase. About 70 of the escapees were known to have survived.
1937~ The Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 was passed by the US Congress. The effect of this Act was to make all marijuana and its products illegal.
1934~ Adolf Hitler (1889 ~ 1945) became the supreme leader gave himself the title of Führer of Germany.
1923~ Calvin Coolidge (1872 ~ 1933) was sworn in as the 30th President of the United States by his father following the death of President Warren Harding (1865 ~ 1923). Coolidge became the 6th Vice President to become President following the death of the incumbent President.
1922~ A typhoon struck Shantou, China killing more than 50,000 people.
1873~ San Francisco, California’s cable car system began operation by the Clay Street Hill Railroad.
1870~ The world’s first underground tube railroad, the Tower Subway, opened in London, England.
1790~ The first United States census was completed showing a population of nearly 4 Million people.
1776~ The signing of the United States Declaration of Independence formally took place.
1610~ Henry Hudson (1565 ~ 1611) sailed into what is now known as Hudson Bay. He thought he had found the Northwest Passage into the Pacific Ocean.
1274~ Edward I of England (June 17, 1239 ~ 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks, returned from the Crusades. He was crowned King 17 days later.
Good-Byes:
2017~ Judith Jones (b. Mar. 10, 1924), American editor who discovered Julia Child. She is also known for rescuing The Diary of Anne Frank from a discard pile. She was born in Walden, Vermont. She died at age 93.
2017~ Ara Parseghian (né Ara Raoul Parseghian, b. May 21, 1923), American football player and college football coach. He died at age 94.
2016~ Ahmed Zewail (b. Feb. 26, 1946), Egyptian-born American chemist. He was the recipient of the 1999 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 70.
2014~ Eroni Kumana (b. 1925), the Solomon Islander who saved John F. Kennedy after Kennedy’s PT-109 boat had been damaged by a Japanese destroyer during World War II. The exact date of his birth is not known.
2013~ Julius Chambers (né Julius LeVonne Chambers, b. Oct. 6, 1936), African-American civil rights lawyer who won many landmark cases against racial segregation. He died at age 76.
2011~ Baruj Benacerraf (b. Oct. 29, 1920), Venezuelan-born American immunologist and recipient of the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts at age 90.
1998~ Shari Lewis (née Sonia Phyllis Hurwitz, b. Jan. 17, 1933), American puppeteer and ventriloquist. She was known for creating her sock puppets, Lamb Chops and Charlie Horse. She died at age 65 of uterine cancer.
1997~ William S. Burroughs (né William Seward Burroughs, II, b. Feb. 5, 1938), American author. He died at age 83.
1988~ Raymond Carver (né Raymond Clevie Carver, Jr., b. May 25, 1914), American author and short story writer. He died at age 50 of lung cancer.
1986~ Roy Cohn (né Roy Marcus Cohn, b. Feb. 20, 1927), American politician and attorney. He served as Joseph McCarthy’s chief counsel during the Red Scare in the 1950s. He died at age 59.
1979~ Thurman Munson (né Thurman Lee Munson, b. June 7, 1947), American baseball player. He was killed while practice landing in his Cessna Citation. He was 32 years old.
1976~ László Kalmár (b. Mar. 27, 1905), Hungarian mathematician. He is considered the founder of mathematical logic and theoretical computer science. He died at age 71.
1976~ Fritz Lang (né Friedrich Christian Anton Lang, b. Dec. 5, 1890), Austrian film director, best known for his silent film, Metropolis and M. He died at age 85.
1970~ Angus MacFarlane-Grieve (néAlexander Angus MacFarlane-Grieve, b. May 11, 1891), British mathematician. He died at age 79.
1955~ Wallace Stevens (b. Oct. 2, 1879), American poet. He died in Hartford, Connecticut at age 75.
1934~ Paul von Hindenburg (b. Oct. 2, 1847), German field marshal and 2nd President of Germany. He died at age 86.
1924~ George Shiras, Jr. (b. Jan. 26, 1832), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was appointed to the High Court by President Benjamin Harrison. He replaced Joseph Bradley on the Court. He served on the Court from July 1892 until February 1903. He died at age 92.
1923~ Warren G. Harding (né Warren Gamaliel Harding, b. Nov. 2, 1865), 29th President of the United States. He was President from March 1921 until his death of a cerebral hemorrhage at age 57 while in Office.
1922~ Alexander Graham Bell (b. Mar. 3, 1847), Scottish-born inventor, best known for his invention of the telephone. He died of complications of diabetes at age 75 in Nova Scotia.
1921~ Enrico Caruso (b. Feb. 25, 1873), Italian tenor. He died of peritonitis at age 48.
1876~ Wild Bill Hickok (né James Butler Hickok, d. May 27, 1837), American lawman in the American Wild West. He was murdered at age 39 while playing poker.
1859~ Horace Mann (b. May 4, 1796), American educator and politician. He was born in Franklin, Massachusetts. He died at age 63.
1823~ Lazare Nicholas Marguerite, Count Carnot (b. May 13, 1753), French mathematician and politician. He died at age 70.
1799~ Jacques-Étienne Montigolfier (b. Jan. 6, 1745), co-inventor along with his brother Joseph-Michel Montgolfier (1740 ~ 1810), of the hot air balloon. He died at age 54; his brother died at age 69.
1788~ Thomas Gainsborough (b. May 14, 1727), English painter. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he was baptized on May 14, 1727. He died at age 61.
1589~ King Henry III of France (b. Sept. 19, 1551). He was assassinated at age 37.
1332~ King Christopher II of Denmark (b. Sept. 29, 1276). He died at age 55.
1100~ King William II of England (b. 1056). He reigned from September 1087 until his death in August 1100. He exact date of his birth is unknown. He is believed to have been about 43 or 44 at the time of his death.
686~ Pope John V. He was Pope from July 23, 685 until his death about a year later. The date of his birth is unknown.
640~ Pope Severinus. He was Pope from May 28, 640 until his death on this date just over 2 months later. The date of his birth is unknown.
257~ Pope Stephen I. He was Pope from May 254 until his death 3 years later. The date of his birth is unknown.
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