Birthdays:
1986~ Dianna Agron (née Dianna Elsie Agron), American actress and singer best known for her role as Quinn Fabray on Glee. She was born in Savannah, Georgia.
1985~ Gal Gadot, Israel-born actress. She was born in Peta Tikva, Israel.
1982 ~ Kirsten Dunst (née Kirsten Caroline Dunst), American actress. She was born in Point Pleasant, New Jersey.
1976 ~ Victor J Glover (né Victor Jerome Glover), African-American astronaut. He was the pilot on the first operational flight of the SpaceX Crew Dragon to the International Space Station. He was born in Pomona, California.
1961~ Isiah Thomas (né Isiah Lord Thomas, III), African-American professional basketball player. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1959~ Paul Gross (né Paul Michael Gross), Canadian actor best known for his role as the upright Canadian Mounted Police Officer working in with the Chicago Police Department in the TV series, Due South. He was born in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
1946~ Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden. He became ascended to the Swedish throne in September 1973. He married Silvia Sommerlath (b. 1943) in 1976. He is of the House of Bernadotte. He is the son of Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten and Princess Sibylla of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. He is of the Church of Sweden.
1945~ Michael Smith (né Michael John Smith; d. Jan. 28, 1986), American astronaut who was killed in the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster. He was born in Beaufort, North Carolina. He was 40 years old.
1945~ Annie Dillard (née Meta Ann Doak), American author. At age 28, she became the youngest American woman to win the Pulitzer Prize for her Pilgrim at Tinker Creek, a collection of essays. She was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
1944 ~ Jill Clayburg (d. Nov. 5, 2010), American actress. She was born in New York, New York. She died of leukemia at age 66 in Lakeville, Connecticut.
1943 ~ Bobby Vee (né Robert Thomas Velline; d. Oct. 24, 2016), American squeaky-clean pop star who stood in for Buddy Holly. He was a teen idol in the early 1960s. He was born in Fargo, North Dakota. He died at age 73 in Rogers, Minnesota.
1942 ~ Martine Colette (née Martine Diane Colette; d. Jan. 23, 2022), animal activist who saved exotic animals. She was the daughter of a Belgium diplomat. She was born in Shanghai, China. She died of lung cancer at age 79 in Lake Havasu, Arizona.
1941 ~ Buddy Cianci (né Vincent Albert Cianci, Jr.; d. Jan. 28, 2016), American politician and corrupt mayor who transformed Providence, Rhode Island. He served as the 32nd and 34th Mayor of Providence, Rhode Island. He served two terms as Mayor. His first term ran from January 1975 until April 1984. His second term ran from January 1991 until September 2002. In April 2001, he was indicted on charges of racketeering, corruption, witness tampering, and mail fraud. He was found guilty and sentenced to five years in prison. He was born in Cranston, Rhode Island. He died of colon cancer at age 74 in Providence, Rhode Island.
1940 ~ Burt Young (né Gerald Tommaso DeLouise; d. Oct. 8, 2023), American actor who transcended his tough-guy roles. He is best known for his role as Rocky Balboa’s brother-in-law, Paulie Pennio, in the Rocky movie series. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 83 in Los Angeles, California.
1930 ~ José Narosky, Argentine writer best known for his aphorisms.
1926 ~ Cloris Leachman (d. Jan. 27, 2021), American prolific actress who shined in dramas and comedies. She was an Oscar and Emmy-winning actress who made her greatest mark playing Mary Richards’ scatterbrained landlady in TV’s the Mary Tyler Moore Show. She was born in Des Moines, Iowa. She died in Encinitas, California at age 94.
1925 ~ Johnny Horton (né John LaGale Horton; d. Nov. 5, 1960), American musician and singer, best known for his song, The Battle of New Orleans. He was born in Los Angeles, California. He was killed in a car accident in Milano, Texas at age 35.
1925 ~ David Toren (né Klaus-Günther Tarnowski; d. Apr. 19, 2020), German-born Holocaust survivor and New York patent attorney who waged a years-long legal battle to recover artworks stolen from his German family in 1938. He was born in Breslau, Germany (in current-day Poland). He was smuggled out of Nazi Germany on the Kindertransport. He died in New York City of Covid-19 just 11 days before his 95th birthday.
1924 ~ Sheldon Harnick (né Sheldon Mayer Harnick; d. June 23, 2023), American lyricist who penned Fiddler on the Roof. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 99 in New York, New York.
1923 ~ Al Lewis (né Abraham Meister; d. Feb. 3, 2006), American actor and comedian who was TV’s campy Grampa Munster on the sit-com The Munsters. He was born in Manhattan, New York. He died in Roosevelt Island, New York at age 82.
1921 ~ Roger L. Easton, Sr. (né Roger Lee Easton; d. May 8, 2014), American scientist and co-inventor of the Global Positioning System (GPS). He was born in Craftsbury, Vermont and died in Hanover, New Hampshire. He died 8 days after his 93rd birthday.
1916 ~ Claude Shannon (né Claude Elwood Shannon; d. Feb. 24, 2001), American engineer and mathematician. He was born in Petoskey, Michigan. He died in Medford, Massachusetts at age 84.
1909 ~ Juliana , Queen of the Netherlands (née Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina; d. Mar. 20, 2004). She reigned as Queen from September 1948 until April 1980, her 61st birthday, when she abdicated the throne in favor or her daughter, Beatrix. She was married to Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld (1911 ~ 2004). They married in 1937. She was of the House of Orange-Nassau. She was the daughter of Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands and Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. She was of the Dutch Reformed Church. She died at age 94.
1908 ~ Eve Arden (née Eunice Mary Quedens; d. Nov. 12, 1990), American actress. She was born in Mill Valley, California. She died at age 82 of heart disease in Los Angeles, California.
1905 ~ Sergey Nikolsky (d. Nov. 9, 1912), Russian mathematician. He died at age 107 in Moscow, Russia.
1902 ~ Theodore Schultz (né Theodore William Schultz; d. Feb. 26, 1998), American economist and recipient of the 1979 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. He was born in Arlington, South Dakota. He died at age 95 in Evanston, Illinois.
1901 ~ Simon Kuznets (né Simon Smith Kuznets; d. July 8, 1985), Ukrainian economist and recipient of the 1971 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. He was born in Pinsk, Russian Empire (current day Belarus). He died at age 84 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1883 ~ Elsie Robinson (née Elsinore Justinia Robinson; d. Sept. 8, 1956), American journalist, poet, and memorialist. At age 19, she married a wealthy Vermont widower who was 10 years her senior. The marriage was not a happy one, which was the impetus for her memoir, I Want Out. She was born in Benicia, California. She died at age 73 in San Francisco, California.
1877 ~ Alice B. Toklas (né Alice Babette Toklas; d. Mar. 7, 1967), American writer and companion of Gertrude Stein. She was born in San Francisco, California. She died at age 89 in Paris, France.
1866 ~ Mary Haviland Stilwell Kuesel (née Mary Haviland Stilwell; b. Apr. 30, 1866), American pioneering dentist. She was the founder of the Women’s Dental Association of the United States. She was born and died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She died of coronary thrombosis at age 70.
1777 ~ Carl Friedrich Gauss (né Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss, d. Feb. 23, 1855), German mathematician. He died at age 77.
1700 ~ Charles Frederick of Sweden, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (d. June 18, 1739), member of the Swedish royal family. In 1725, he married Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia (1708 ~ 1728). They were the parents of Peter III, Tsar of Russia. He was of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp. He was the son of Frederick IV, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and Princess Hedvig Sophia of Sweden. He died at age 39.
1553 ~ Louise of Lorraine (d. Jan. 29, 1601), Queen consort of France and wife of Henry III, King of France (1551 ~ 1589). They married in 1575. She was of the House of Lorraine. She was the daughter of Nicholas, Duke of Mercoeur and Marguerite d’Egmont. She died at age 47.
1310 ~ Casimir III, King of Poland (d. Nov. 5, 1370). He ruled Poland from 1333 until his death in 1370. He is known for reforming the Polish army and doubling the size of the Polish kingdom. He reformed the judicial system and introduced the country’s legal code. He also founded the Jagiellonian University, the oldest university in Poland. In addition, he confirmed the privileges and protections granted to the Jews and encouraged them to settle in Poland. He was married several times. His first wife was Aldona of Lithuania (1309 ~ 1339). After her death, he married Adelaide of Hesse (1324 ~ 1371). They married in 1341. It was an unhappy marriage; they began living apart soon after they wed. The marriage was annulled in 1368. He married Krystyna Rokiczana, who had been his mistress. His marriage to Christina was a morganatic marriage, thus she was never the queen consort. His fourth and final marriage was to Hedwig of Sagan (d. 1390). They married when he may have been still married to his second, and possibly third wife. He was of the House of Piast. He was the son of Ladislaus of Poland, also known as Ladislaus the Short and Jadwiga of Kalisz. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 60 from injuries sustained while hunting.
1245 ~ Philip III, King of France (d. Oct. 5, 1285). He was known as Philip the Bold. He ruled France from August 1270 until his death in October 1218. He was married twice. His first wife was Isabella of Aragon (1248 ~ 1271). They married in 1262. His second wife was Maria of Brabant (1254 ~ 1322), whom he married in 1274. He was of the House of Capet. He was the son of Louis IX, King of France and Margaret of Provence. He died of dysentery at age 40.
Events that Changed the World:
2013 ~ Following Dutch tradition, Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (b. 1938) abdicated in favor of her son, Willem-Alexander (b. 1967), who became King of the Netherlands. The succession was achieved by signing papers; there was no coronation or other ceremony.
2009 ~ Chrysler automobile company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection.
2008 ~ Two skeletal remains found near Yekaterinburg, Russia were confirmed to be the remains of Alexei Nikolaevich (1904 ~ 1918), Tsarevich of Russia and the Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna (1901 ~ 1918).
1993 ~ Tennis star Monica Seles (b. 1973) was stabbed in the back by an obsessed fan during the quarterfinal match of the 1993 Citizen Cup in Hamburg, Germany.
1993 ~ The World Wide Web (WWW) launched in the public domain.
1980 ~ Beatrix of the Netherlands (b. 1938) became Queen of the Netherlands. She abdicated the throne on April 30, 2013, in favor of her eldest son, Willem-Alexander (b. 1967).
1975 ~ The Vietnam War formally ended with the unconditional surrender of South Vietnamese President Dương Văn Minh (1916 ~ 2001). Communist forces gained control of Saigon.
1973 ~ Richard Nixon’s top White House aides, including H.R. Haldeman (1926 ~ 1993) and John Ehrlichman (1925 ~ 1999), resigned amid the Watergate Scandal.
1947 ~ The Boulder Dam in Nevada was renamed the Hoover Dam. The Dam had been constructed between 1931 to 1936.
1945 ~ Soviet troops liberated Stalag Luft I, a German prisoner-of-war camp. Over 9000 American and British airmen were freed.
1939 ~ The 1939-40 New York World’s Fair opened.
1939 ~ Television was first publicly broadcast from the Empire State Building in New York City. President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882 ~ 1945) presented the New York World’s Fair ceremonial address on NBC.
1927 ~ Douglas Fairbanks (1883 ~ 1939) and Mary Pickford (1892 ~ 1979) became the first Hollywood celebrities to leave their handprints in the concrete at Grauman’s Chinese Theater.
1927 ~ The first women’s federal prison in the United States opened in Alderson, West Virginia as the Federal Industrial Institute for Women.
1904 ~ The Louisiana Purchase Exposition World’s Fair opened in St. Louis, Missouri.
1900 ~ Hawaii became a territory of the United States.
1897 ~ British physicist J.J. Thompson (1856 ~ 1940) announced the discovery of the electron as a subatomic particle.
1885 ~ The Governor of New York State signed legislation creating the Niagara Reservation, the first state park in New York State.
1812 ~ Louisiana became the 18th State of the Union.
1803 ~ The United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from France under the Louisiana Purchase Agreement which, although was signed on May 2, was executed as of April 30. The purchase price was $15 Million.
1789 ~ George Washington (1732 ~ 1799) was inaugurated as the first United States President. The ceremony took place on the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York City.
1598 ~ Henry IV, King of France (1553 ~ 1610) issued the Edict of Nantes, which allowed the freedom of religion to the Huguenots.
1492 ~ Christopher Columbus (1451 ~ 1506) was granted his commission of exploration by Spain. He was named Admiral of the ocean sea, viceroy, and governor of any territory he discovered.
Good-byes:
2022 ~ Naomi Judd (née Diana Ellen Judd; b. Jan. 11, 1946), American country singer-songwriter who was dogged by demons. She is the mother of Wynonna Judd. She was born in Ashland, Kentucky. She suffered from depression and died by suicide at age 76 in Leiper’s Fork, Tennessee.
2020 ~ Paul Cary (b. May 15, 1953), retired American paramedic from Colorado who traveled to New York City to volunteer in the fight against the coronavirus pandemic. He drove from Denver, Colorado to New York City on March 28, 2020. He died of Covid-19 at age 66 within weeks of arriving in New York.
2018 ~ Jhoon Goo Rhee (b. Jan. 7, 1932), South Korean-born martial artist who popularized Tae Kwon Do in the United States. He died at age 86 in Arlington County, Virginia.
2017 ~ Ueli Steck (b. Oct. 4, 1976), Swiss daredevil mountaineer who raced up peaks. He died at age 40 from a fall while training in the Himalayas in Nepal.
2016 ~ Sir Harry Kroto (né Harold Walter Krotoschiner; b. Oct. 7, 1939), British chemist and recipient of the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 76.
2016 ~ Father Daniel Berrigan (né Daniel Joseph Berrigan; b. May 9, 1921), American Jesuit priest who led antiwar protests. He was rather political and during the Vietnam war was an anti-war/peace activist. He was born in Virginia, Minnesota. He died 9 days before his 95th birthday in The Bronx, New York.
2015 ~ Ben E. King (né Benjamin Earl Nelson; b. Sept. 28, 1938), African-American soul legend who sang Stand by Me. He was born in Henderson, North Carolina. He died in Harlem, New York. He was 76 years old.
2012 ~ Benzion Netanyahu (b. Mar. 25, 1910), Israeli historian whose field of expertise was the history of Jews in Spain during the Inquisition. He was also the hawkish father of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. He died at age 102 in Jerusalem, Israel.
2007 ~ Tom Poston (né Thomas Gordon Poston; b. Oct. 17, 1921), American actor. He is best known for his portrayal of George Utley on Newhart. He was born in Columbus, Ohio. He died of respiratory failure at age 85 in Los Angeles, California.
1994 ~ Richard Scarry (né Richard McClure Scarry; b. June 5, 1919), American author and illustrator of children’s books. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died of a heart attack at age 74 in Gstaas, Switzerland.
1989 ~ Sergio Leone (b. Jan. 3, 1929), Italian movie director and producer. He is best known for being a pioneer of the spaghetti Western. He was born and died in Rome, Italy. He died of a heart attack at age 60.
1983 ~ Muddy Waters (né McKinley Morganfield; b. Apr. 4, 1913), American musician, considered the “father of modern Chicago blues.” He was born in Issaquena County, Mississippi. He died of heart failure 26 days after his 70th birthday in Westmont, Illinois.
1983 ~ George Balanchine (né Georgiy Melitonovich Balanchivadze; b. Jan. 22, 1904), Russian-born dancer and choreographer. He was a co-founder of the New York Ballet. He was born in St. Petersburg, Russian Empire. He died at age 79 in New York, New York.
1974 ~ Agnes Moorehead (née Agnes Robertson Moorehead; b. Dec. 6, 1900), American actress. She is best known for her role as Endora on the sit-com Bewitched. She was born in Clinton, Massachusetts. She died of uterine cancer at age 73 in Rochester, Minnesota.
1958 ~ Alvan Fuller (né Alvan Tufts Fuller; d. Feb. 27, 1878), 50th Governor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from January 1925 until January 1929. He was born and died in Boston, Massachusetts. He died at age 80.
1956 ~ Alben Barkley (né Alben William Barkley; b. Nov. 24, 1877), 35th Vice President of the United States. He served under President Harry S. Truman from January 1949 until January 1953. He was born in Lowes, Kentucky. He collapsed and died of a heart attack while giving a speech in Lexington, Virginia. He was 78 years old.
1945 ~ Adolf Hitler (b. Apr. 20, 1889) dictator of Nazi Germany. He committed suicide along with Eva Braun (née Eva Anna Paula Braun; b. Feb. 6, 1912), his wife of one day, 10 days after his 57th birthday.
1943 ~ Beatrice Webb, Baroness Passfield (née Martha Beatrice Potter; d. Jan. 22, 1858), British sociologist and economist. She was one of the founders of the London School of Economics. She coined the phrase collective bargaining. She died at age 85.
1936 ~ A.E. Housman (né Alfred Edward Housman; b. Mar. 26, 1859), English poet. He died at age 77 in Cambridge, England.
1926 ~ Bessie Coleman (née Elizabeth Coleman; b. Jan. 26, 1892), African-American and Native American civil aviator. She was the first African-American and Native American woman pilot and the first African-American to hold an international pilot license. She was born in Atlanta, Texas. She was killed at age 34 in a plane crash in Jacksonville, Florida.
1903 ~ Emily Stowe (née Emily Howard Jennings; b. May 1, 1831), Canadian physician. She was the first female physician to practice in Canada. She was also an activist for women’s rights, and she campaigned for the country’s first medical college for women. She was born in Norwich Township, Ontario, Canada. She died 1 day before her 72ndbirthday.
1900 ~ Casey Jones (né Jonathan Luther Jones; b. Mar. 14, 1863), American railroad engineer who died in a train wreck in Vaughn, Mississippi, when his train, the Cannonball Express, collided with a stalled freight train. He gave his life to prevent a crash and to save the lives of his passengers. He was the only fatality in the crash. He was born in Cayce, Kentucky. He was 37 years old at the time of his death in Vaughan, Mississippi.
1883 ~ Édouard Manet (b. Jan. 23, 1832), French painter. He died of gangrene following an operation to amputate his foot. He was born and died in Paris, France. He was 51 years old.
1879 ~ Sarah Josepha Hale (née Sarah Josepha Buell; b. Oct. 24, 1788), American author and poet. She is credited with the nursery rhyme Mary had a Little Lamb. She was also instrumental in the campaign in having the Bunker Hill Monument constructed. She was born in Newport, New Hampshire. She died at age 90 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1857 ~ Princess Mary, Duchess consort of Gloucester and Edinburgh (b. Apr. 25, 1776), member of the British royal family. In 1816, at age 40, she married her 1st cousin, Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh (1776 ~ 1834). There were no children of their marriage. She was of the House of Hanover. She was the 11th child and 4th daughter of George III, King of the United Kingdom and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. She died 5 days after her 81st birthday.
1632 ~ Sigismund III Vasa, King of Poland (b. June 20, 1566). He ruled Poland from August 1587 until his death in 1632. He was married twice. His first wife was Archduchess Anne of Austria (1573 ~ 1598). They married in 1592. After her death of complications from childbirth, he married her sister, Constance of Austria (1588 ~ 1631). They married in 1605. They were the parents of John II Casimir Vasa, King of Poland. He was of the House of Vasa. He was the son of John III, King of Sweden and Catherine of Jagiellon. He died 3 weeks before his 66th birthday.
1513 ~ Edmund de la Pole, 3rd Duke of Suffolk (b. 1471), Yorkist pretender to the English throne. Henry VIII, King of England had him executed. He was the son of Elizabeth of York, Duchess of Suffolk. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 41 or 42 at the time of his death.
1315 ~ Margaret of Burgundy (b. 1290), Queen consort of France. She was the first wife of Louis X, King of France (1289 ~ 1316). They married in 1305. Sadly, she was locked into prison during the duration of most of her queenship after having been caught in an alleged act of adultery. She was of the House of Burgundy. She was the daughter of Robert II, Duke of Burgundy and Princess Agnes of France. She was Roman Catholic. The exact date of her birth is not known, but she is believed to have been about age 24 or 25 at the time of her death.
1063 ~ Emperor Renzong of Song (b. May 30, 1010), 4th Chinese emperor of the Song Dynasty. He died a month before his 53rd birthday.
783 ~ Hildegard of the Vinzgau (b. 754), Queen consort and second wife of Charlemagne (747 ~ 814). They married in 771. She died before he became the Holy Roman Emperor, thus was never the Empress consort. She was of the Udalriching Dynasty. She was the daughter of Gerold of Kraichgau and Emma of Alemannia. The exact date of her birth is not known. She is believed to have died of complications related to childbirth at about age 29.
125 ~ Emperor An of Han (b. 94), Chinese emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The exact date of his birth is not known but he is believed to have died at age 31.
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