Birthdays:
1959 ~ Donna Brazile (née Donna Lease Brazile), African-American political strategist, campaign manager and political analyst. She was born in New Orleans and earned her undergraduate degree at Louisiana State University.
1949 ~ Don Johnson (né Donald Wayne Johnson), American actor. He is best known for his role as Sonny Crockett in the 1980s television drama Miami Vice. He was born in Flat Creek Township, Missouri.
1942 ~ Kathleen Blanco (née Kathleen Babineaux; d. Aug. 18, 2019), American politician and 54th Governor of Louisiana. She was the first female Governor of Louisiana. She served from January 2004 through January 2008, during which Hurricane Katrina swept through the State. She was born in New Iberia, Louisiana. She died of cancer at age 76 in Lafayette, Louisiana.
1940 ~ Nick Buoniconti (né Nicholas Anthony Buoniconti; d. July 30, 2019), American football linebacker who fought to make the paralyzed walk again. He was a professional football player who played for a number of teams, including the Boston Patriots and the Miami Dolphins. While playing for the Patriots, he earned his law degree. After his son was paralyzed in a college football game in 1985, he co-founded the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis. He was born in Springfield, Massachusetts. He died at age 78 in Bridgehampton, New York.
1939 ~ Cindy Birdsong (née Cynthia Ann Birdsong), African-American singer and member of The Supremes. She was born in Mount Holly Township, New Jersey.
1933 ~ Tim Conway (né Toma Daniel Conway; d. May 14, 2019), American improve master who cracked up his co-stars. He was best known for his role in sketches in the Carol Burnett Show. He was born in Willoughby, Ohio. He died of complications of dementia at age 85 in Los Angeles, California.
1929 ~ Yuri Vasilyevich Prokhorov (d. July 16, 2013), Russian mathematician who work in probability theory. He was born and died in Moscow, Russia. He died at age 83.
1924 ~ Frank W.J. Olver (né Frank William John Olver; b. Apr. 23, 2013), English mathematician. He was born in Croydon, England. He died at age 88 in Rockville, Maryland.
1923 ~ Uziel Gal (né Gotthard Glas, d. Sept. 7, 2002), Israeli firearms designed and namesake of the Uzi submachine gun. He was born in Weimar, Germany. He died of cancer at age 78 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1923 ~ Freeman Dyson (né Freeman John Dyson; d. Feb. 28, 2020), British-American theoretical and mathematical physicist. He was born in England. He died in Princeton, New Jersey at age 96 from complications sustained in a fall.
1920 ~ Eddie Robinson (né William Edward Robinson; d. Oct. 4, 2021), American professional baseball great who gave a bat to Babe Ruth. He was one of the last links to the golden age of baseball. He was born in Paris, Texas. He died at age 100 in Bastrop, Texas.
1919 ~ Max Yasgur (d. Feb. 9, 1973), American farmer and owner of the Woodstock festival site. He was born in New York, New York. He died of a heart attack at age 53 in Marathon, Florida.
1916 ~ Maurice Wilkins (né Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins, d. Oct. 5, 2004), New Zealand-born physicist and recipient of the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was born in Pongaroa, New Zealand. He died at age 87 in London, England.
1913 ~ Muriel Rukeyser (d. Feb. 12, 1980), American poet and political activist. She is best known for her poems about equality, feminism, social justice and Judaism She was born and died in New York, New York. She died of a stroke at age 66.
1912 ~ Ray Eames (née Ray-Bernice Alexandra Kaiser, d. Aug. 21, 1988), American designer, artist, and architect. She and her husband, Charles (1907 ~ 1978) made major contributions to modern architecture and furniture design. She was born in Sacramento, California. She died at age 75 in Los Angeles, California. She died exactly 10 years to the day after her husband’s death.
1907 ~ Oscar Niemeyer (né Oscar Ribeiro de Almeida Niemeyer Soares Fiho; d. Dec. 5, 2012), Brazilian architect who designed Brazil’s space-age capital. He was born and died in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He died 10 days before his 105thbirthday.
1902 ~ Robert F. Bradford (né Robert Fiske Bradford; d. Mar. 18, 1983), 57th Governor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from January 1947 until January 1949. He was born and died in Boston, Massachusetts. He died at age 80.
1897 ~ David McCord (né David Thompson Watson McCord; d. Apr. 13, 1997), American poet. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 99 in Boston, Massachusetts.
1896 ~ Betty Smith (née Elizabeth Lillian Wehner; d. Jan. 17, 1972), American author best known for her novel, A Tree Grows in Brooklyn. She was born in Brooklyn, New York. She died in Shelton, Connecticut of pneumonia about a month after her 75th birthday.
1894 ~ Vibert Douglas (née Alice Vibert Douglas; d. July 2, 1988), Canadian astrophysicist and astronomer. She was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. She died at age 93 in Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
1892 ~ J. Paul Getty (né Jean Paul Getty; d. June 6, 1976), American industrialist and founder of the Getty Oil Company. His namesake grandson, who had been kidnapped 5 months earlier, was found alive on Getty’s 81st birthday. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He died at age 83 in England.
1888 ~ Maxwell Anderson (né James Maxwell Anderson; d. Feb. 28, 1959), American playwright. He was born in Atlantic, Pennsylvania. He died of complications of a stroke at age 70 in Stamford, Connecticut.
1861 ~ Charles Duryea (né Charles Edgar Duryea, d. Sept. 28, 1938), American automobile pioneer. He was born in Canton, Illinois. He died at age 76 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1861 ~ Pehr Evind Svinhufvud (d. Feb. 29, 1944), 3rd President of Finland. He served as President from March 1931 until March 1937. He died at age 82.
1860 ~ Niels Ryberg Finsen (d. Sept. 24, 1904), Danish physician and recipient of the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died at age 43 in Copenhagen, Denmark.
1859 ~ L.L. Zamenhof (né Ludwig Lazarus Zamenhof, d. Apr. 14, 1917), Polish Jewish physician, linguist, and creator of Esperanto. He died at age 57 in Warsaw, Poland.
1852 ~ Henri Becquerel (né Antoine Henri Becquerel; d. Aug. 25, 1908), French physicist and recipient, along with Marie and Pierre Currie of the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work with radiation. He was born in Paris, France. He died at age 55 in Le Croisic, Brittany, France.
1832 ~ Gustave Eiffel (né Alexandre Gustave Bönickhausen dit Eiffel; d. Dec. 27, 1923), French engineer and architect and designer of the Eiffel Tower. He died 12 days after his 91st birthday in Paris, France.
1802 ~ János Bolyai (d. Jan. 27, 1860), Hungarian mathematician. He was one of the founders of non-Euclidian geometry. He died at age 57.
37 ~ Nero (d. June 9, 68), Roman Emperor. This is the traditional date ascribed to Nero’s birth. He is said to have died at age 30.
Events that Changed the World:
2017 ~ A 6.5 magnitude earthquake struck in Java.
2011 ~ The United States formally lowered the United States Flag over Iraq, thereby ending its participation in the Iraqi war and American armed forces withdrew from Iraq after 9 years. Although this was the official end of the war, violence continued over subsequent years.
2001 ~ The Leaning Tower of Pisa opened after 11 years and a $27M restoration. The Tower retained its lean.
1981 ~ A suicide car bombing in Beirut, Lebanon destroyed the Iraqi embassy, killing over 60 people. This attack marked the first modern suicide bombing.
1978 ~ President Jimmy Carter (b. 1924) announced that the United States would recognize the People’s Republic of China and sever diplomatic relations with Taiwan.
1976 ~ The Liberian-flagged oil tanker MV Argo Merchant ran aground near Nantucket, Massachusetts, causing a massive oil spill. The tanker had been involved in several other shipping incidents before this event.
1973 ~ John Paul Getty, III (1956 ~ 2011), the grandson of billionaire J. Paul Getty (1892 ~ 1976), was found alive in Naples, Italy. He had been kidnapped by on July 10, 1973. His kidnapping and release were depicted in the 2017 movie, All the Money in the World.
1961 ~ Adolph Eichmann (1906 ~ 1962) was sentenced to death after being found guilty on 15 criminal charges, including charges of crimes against humanity, crimes against the Jewish people and being a member of an outlawed organization. The trial was held in Jerusalem. Eichmann’s capture was depicted in the 2018 movie, Operation Finale.
1941 ~ German troops murdered over 15,000 Jews at Drobytsky Yar in the Ukraine.
1939 ~ Gone with the Wind made its world premiere at the Loew's Grand Theatre in Atlanta, Georgia.
1933 ~ The 21st Amendment to the United States Constitution officially became effective, repealing prohibition, which was law under the 18th Amendment.
1914 ~ During World War I, the Serbian Army recaptured Belgrade from the invading Austro-Hungarian Army.
1905 ~ The Pushkin House was established in St. Petersburg, Russia to preserve the cultural heritage of Alexander Pushkin (1799 ~ 1837).
1890 ~ Hunkpapa Lakota leader, Sitting Bull (1831 ~ 1890) was killed by an American army officer. This event led to the Wounded Knee Massacre, that occurred 2 weeks later.
1836 ~ The United States Patent Office building in Washington, D.C., burned to the ground, destroying all 9,957 patents that had been issued by the federal government.
1791 ~ The first 10 Amendments to the United States Constitution, better known as the Bill of Rights, became law after they were ratified by the Virginia General Assembly.
687 ~ Pope Sergius I (650 ~ 701) was elected to serve as Pope. He is considered a saint in the Catholic church. He ruled as Pope until his death 14 years later.
Good-Byes:
2015 ~ bell hooks (né Gloria Jean Watkins; b. Sept. 25, 1952), African American cultural activist, author and theorist who helped push feminism to include the voices of Black and working-class women. She was born in Hopkinsville, Kentucky. She died of kidney failure in Berea, New York at age 69.
2013 ~ Joan Fontaine (née Joan de Beauvoir de Havilland; b. Oct. 22, 1917), English American actress who stayed clear of her sister, Olivia de Havilland. She was born in Tokyo, Japan. She died at age 96 in Carmel Highlands, California.
2011 ~ Christopher Hitchens (né Christopher Eric Hitchens; b. Apr. 13, 1949) British journalist and atheist. He was born in Portsmouth, Hampshire, England. He died in Houston, Texas of cancer at age 62.
2010 ~ Blake Edwards (né William Blake Crump; b. July 26, 1922), American movie director and husband of Julie Andrews. He is known for the Pink Panther movies. He was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He died of pneumonia at age 88 in Santa Monica, California.
2009 ~ Oral Roberts (né Granville Oral Roberts; b. Jan. 24, 1918), American televangelist and founder of Oral Roberts University. He was born in Ada, Oklahoma. He died of pneumonia at age 91 in Newport Beach, California.
2005 ~ William Proxmire (né Edward William Proxmire; b. Nov. 11, 1915), American politician. He was a United States Senator from Wisconsin from August 1957 until January 1989. He was born in Lake Forest, Illinois. He died about a month after his 90th birthday in Sykesville, Maryland.
1984 ~ Jan Peerce (né Jacob Pincus Perlemuth, b. June 3, 1904), American tenor. He died at age 80.
1971 ~ Paul Lévy (né Paul Pierre Lévy, b. Sept. 15, 1886), French mathematician. He is best known for his work in probability theory. He was born and died in Paris, France. He died at age 85.
1966 ~ Walt Disney (né Walter Elias Disney; b. Dec. 5, 1901), American movie producer and pioneer in movie animation. He changed the way the world viewed movies. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died of circulatory collapse caused by lung cancer in Burbank, California 10 days after his 65th birthday.
1962 ~ Charles Laughton (b. July 1, 1899), English actor. He died of renal cancer at age 63 in Hollywood, California.
1958 ~ Wolfgang Pauli (né Wolfgang Ernst Pauli; b. Apr. 25, 1900), Austrian physicist and recipient of the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary. He died of pancreatic cancer at age 58 in Zurich, Switzerland.
1944 ~ Glenn Miller (né Alton Glenn Miller; b. Mar. 1, 1904), American bandleader and trombonist. He was born in Clarinda, Iowa. He died in a mysterious plane crash. He was in a plane flying over the English Channel when his plane went missing. He 40 years old at the time of his death.
1943 ~ Fats Waller (né Thomas Wright Waller; b. May 21, 1904), African-American jazz pianist and singer. He was born in New York, New York. He died of pneumonia at age 39 in Kansas City, Missouri.
1890 ~ Sitting Bull (b. 1831), American Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux tribal chief. He was killed by federal police officers who were called to arrest him after he organized the Ghost Dance, a Native American religious rite. The United States government feared he was organizing a protest against the government. Both he and his son were killed in the altercation. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 58 or 59 at the time of his death.
1878 ~ Alfred Bird (b. 1811), English chemist and food manufacturer. He is credited with inventing baking powder. The exact date if his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been 67 at the time of his death.
1872 ~ Mary Anne Disraeli, 1st Viscountess Beaconsfield (née Mary Anne Evans; b. Nov. 11, 1792), Welsh wife of Benjamin Disraeli. She died about month after her 80th birthday.
1855 ~ Jacques Charles François Sturm (b. Sept. 29, 1803), French mathematician. His name is one of 72 engraved at the Eiffel Tower. He was born in Geneva, Switzerland. He died in Paris, France at age 52 after a long illness.
1819 ~ Daniel Rutherford (b. Nov. 3, 1749), Scottish physician and chemist. He is best known for isolating nitrogen. He was born and died in Edinburgh, Scotland. He died at age 70.
1796 ~ Anthony Wayne (b. Jan. 1, 1745), American Revolutionary War general known as Mad Wayne Anthony. He was born in Easttown Township, Province of Pennsylvania, British America. He died 17 days before his 52nd birthday of complications of gout in Fort Presque Isle, Pennsylvania.
1675 ~ Johannes Vermeer (b. Oct. 31, 1632), Dutch/Flemish painter. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he was baptized on this date. The date of his death is unknown, but he was buried on December 15, 1675. He died at age 43 in Delft, Holland, Dutch Republic.
1161 ~ Wanyan Liang (b. Feb. 24, 1122), 4th Emperor of the Jin Dynasty. He ruled from January 1150 until his assassination 11 years later. He died at age 39.
933 ~ Li Siyaun (b. Oct. 10, 867), 2nd Chinese Emperor of the Later Tang dynasty. He ruled from June 926 until his death in 933. He died at age 66.
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