Birthdays:
1983 ~ Lupita Nyong’o (né Lupita Amondi Nyong’o), Kenyan actress. She was born in Mexico City, Mexico.
1973 ~ Jack Davenport (né Jack Arthur Davenport), English actor. He was born in London, England.
1969 ~ Javier Bardem (né Javier Ángel Encinas Bardem), Spanish actor. He was born in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
1967 ~ George Eads (né George Coleman Eads, III), American actor. He is best known for his role as Nick Stokes on the television series CSI: Crime Scene Investigation. He was born in Fort Worth, Texas.
1963 ~ Bryan Batt, American actor. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He is best known for his role as Salvadore Romano on Mad Men.
1956 ~ Tim Daly (né James Timothy Daly), American actor. He was born in Manhattan, New York.
1954 ~ Ron Howard (né Ronald William Howard), American actor and movie director. He played Opie on the Andy Griffth Show. He was born in Duncan, Oklahoma.
1952 ~ Nevada Barr, American author of mysteries. She was born in Yerington, Nevada.
1951 ~ Robert L. Hass, American poet. He was the Poet Laureate of the United States from 1995 to 1997. He was born in San Francisco, California.
1944 ~ John Breaux (né John Berlinger Breaux), American politician from Louisiana. He served in the United States Senate from January 1987 until January 2005. He was born in Crowley, Louisiana.
1944 ~ Roger Daltrey (né Roger Harry Daltrey), British musician and member of The Who. He was born in London, England.
1935 ~ Robert Conrad (né Conrad Robert Falk; d. Feb. 8, 2020), American TV national hero who threw himself into dangerous roles. He was best known for his role as Secret Service agent James T. West on the television show The Wild, Wild West. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died in Malibu, California 22 days before his 85th birthday.
1927 ~ Robert Bork (né Robert Heron Bork; d. Dec. 19, 2012), American legal scholar and rejected Supreme Court nominee. He served as the United States Attorney General during the Richard Nixon administration from October 1973 until December 1973. He died at age 85.
1927 ~ Joel Spira (né Joel Solon Spira; d. Apr. 8, 2015), American inventor who made mood light possible with the creation of the dimmer light. He died of a heart attack at age 88.
1927 ~ Harry Balafonte (né Harold George Bellanfanti, Jr.), American actor and musician. He is known as the King of Calypso. He was born in Harlem, New York.
1926 ~ Robert Clary (né Robert Max Widerman), French actor. He is best known for his role as Corporal Louis LeBeau on the television sit-com Hogan’s Heroes. During World War II, he had been deported to a concentration camp in Poland. He was later sent to Buchenwald. He was born in Paris, France.
1925 ~ Lucien Carr (d. Jan. 28, 2005), American newsman who was muse to the Beat generation. He was a key member of the original New York City circle of the Beat Generation. He died of bone cancer at age 79.
1924 ~ Deke Slayton (né Donald Kent Slayton; d. June 13, 1993), American astronaut who was one of the original Mercury 7 astronauts. He died at age 69.
1922 ~ Yitzhak Rabin (d. Nov. 4, 1995), Prime Minister of Israel. He was also the recipient of the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize. He was assassinated by an extremist Orthodox Israeli in Tel Aviv. He was 73 years old at the time of his assassination.
1921 ~ Cardinal Terrance Cooke (né Terrance James Cooke; d. Oct. 6, 1983), American Catholic Cardinal of New York. He died of leukemia at age 62.
1921 ~ Richard Wilbur (né Richard Purdy Wilbur; d. Oct. 14, 2017), American poet and literary translator. He died at age 96 in Belmont, Massachusetts.
1917 ~ Robert Lowell (né Robert Traill Spence Lowell, IV; d. Sept. 12, 1977), American poet. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died of a heart attack at age 60.
1914 ~ Harry Caray (né Harry Christopher Carabina; d. Feb. 18, 1998), American sportscaster. He is best known for being the voice of the Chicago Cubs. He died 2 weeks before his 84th birthday.
1913 ~ Ralph Ellison (né Ralph Waldo Ellison; d. Apr. 16, 1994), African-American writer best known for his book, The Invisible Man. He began writing this book while recovering from a kidney infection. He was the grandson of slaves. He died at age 81.
1910 ~ David Niven (né James David Graham Nevin; d. July 29, 1983), British actor. He died at age 73.
1910 ~ Archer Martin (né Archer John Porter Martin; d. July 28, 2002), British chemist and recipient of the 1952 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 92.
1904 ~ Glenn Miller (né Alton Glenn Miller; d. Dec. 15, 1944), American bandleader, who died in a mysterious plane crash. He was in a plane flying over the English Channel when his plane went missing. He died at age 40.
1897 ~ Shoghí Effendí (né Shoghí Effendí Rabbání; d. Nov. 4, 1957), Israeli religious leader of the Bahá’í Faith. He died of the Asian Flu at age 59.
1868 ~ Sophia, Duchess of Hohenberg (d. June 28, 1914), wife of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. She was assassinated along with her husband. Their deaths sparked World War I. She was 46 at the time of her death.
1810 ~ Frédéric Chopin (né Frédéric François Chopin; d. Oct. 17, 1849), Polish composer and pianist. He died at age 39.
1732 ~ William Cushing (d. Sept. 13, 1810), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President George Washington. He was one of the original six associate justices on the Supreme Court. He was succeeded by Joseph Story. He served on the Court from September 1789 until his death at age 78. He was born and died in Scituate, Massachusetts.
1683 ~ 6th Dalai Lama (né Tsangyang Gyatso; d. Nov. 15, 1706). He died at age 23.
1683 ~ Caroline of Ansbach (d. Nov. 20, 1737), Queen consort of Great Britain. She was the wife of King George II. She died at age 54.
1611 ~ John Pell (d. Dec. 12, 1685), English mathematician. He died at age 74.
1597 ~ Jean-Charles de la Faille (d. Nov. 4, 1652), Flemish mathematician. He was also a Jesuit priest. He died at age 55.
1456 ~ Vladislaus II of Hungary (d. Mar. 13, 1516). He was King of Bohemia from 1471 until his death, and King of Hungary and Croatia from 1490 until his death. He was married three times. His first wife was Barbara of Brandenburg. While married to her, he secretly married Beatrice of Naples. His first wife had to fight for a divorce. He had no children with his first two wives. After Beatrice died, he married Anne of Foix-Candale, with whom he had two children. He died 12 days after his 60th birthday.
1432 ~ Isabella of Coimbra (d. Dec. 2, 1455), Queen consort of Portugal and first wife of Afonso V of Portugal. She was of the House of Aviz. She died at age 23, possibly of poisoning.
1105 ~ Alfonso VII, King of León, Castile and Galicia (d. Aug. 21, 1157). He was considered the Emperor of All Hispania. He died at age 52.
Events that Change the World:
2007 ~ Tornadoes broke out across the southern United States, causing numerous deaths in several states.
2005 ~ In the Roper v. Simmons, the United States Supreme Court ruled that executions of juveniles found guilty of murder was unconstitutional. Justice Anthony Kennedy (b. 1936) authored the decision.
2003 ~ The International Criminal Court began its inaugural session in The Hague.
2003 ~ The management of the United States Customs Services and the United States Secret Services were moved into the United States Department of Homeland Security.
1971 ~ A bomb exploded in a men’s room at the United States Capitol. No one was hurt. The Weather Underground claimed responsibility.
1966 ~ The Ba’ath Party took over power in Syria.
1961 ~ The Peace Corps was established by President John F. Kennedy (1917 ~ 1963).
1954 ~ Four armed Puerto Rican nationalist attacked the United States Capitol building injuring five Representatives who were debating an immigration bill. All of the individuals shot recovered from their wounds.
1954 ~ During the United State’s nuclear testing, a 15-megaton hydrogen bomb, known as Castle Bravo, was detonated on the Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean. This remains the worst radioactive contamination ever caused by the United States.
1947 ~ The International Monetary Fund began financial operations.
1936 ~ The Hoover Dam was completed.
1932 ~ Charles Lindberg, Jr. (1930 ~ 1932), the son of Anne (1906 ~ 2001) and Charles Lindbergh (1902 ~ 1974), was kidnapped.
1912 ~ Albert Berry (b. Mar. 1, 1878 ~ ?) is credited with making the first parachute jump from a moving airplane.
1896 ~ Henri Becquerel (1852 ~ 1908) discovered radioactivity decay. Marie (1867 ~ 1934) and Pierre Currie (1859 ~ 1906), however, coined the term radioactivity, and went on to conduct additional experiments. The three of them went on to win the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics.
1893 ~ Nikola Tesla (1856 ~ 1943) gave the first public demonstration of the radio in St. Louis, Missouri.
1873 ~ E. Remington and Sons of Ilion, New York, began the production of the first practical typewriter. The company was also known for making firearms.
1872 ~ Yellowstone Park was established thereby becoming the world’s first National Park. It had previously been established by Congress and signed into law by United States President Ulysses S. Grant (1882 ~ 1885).
1867 ~ Nebraska became the 37th state of the Union and the city of Lancaster was renamed Lincoln and became the State capital.
1845 ~ United States President John Tyler (1790 ~ 1862) signed a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas.
1815 ~ James Madison (1751 ~ 1836) signed Georgetown University’s congressional charter into law.
1815 ~ Napoleon (1769 ~ 1821) returned to France after his banishment on Elba.
1811 ~ Leaders of the Mamluk dynasty were killed by Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali (1805 ~ 1769).
1805 ~ United States Supreme Court Associate Justice Samuel Chase (1741 ~ 1811) was acquitted at the end of his impeachment trial by the United States Senate. He had been impeached for allegedly letting his partisan leanings affect his court decisions.
1803 ~ Ohio became the 17th state of the Union.
1790 ~ The first United States census was authorized.
1781 ~ The Continental Congress adopted the Articles of Confederation.
1780 ~ Pennsylvania became the first state to abolish slavery.
1692 ~ The Salem Witch trials began after Sarah Good (1653 ~ 1692), Sarah Osborne (1643 ~ 1692) and Tituba (dates unknown) were brought before the local magistrates and were accused as being witches. Tituba was a West-Indian slave
1642 ~ Georgeana, Massachusetts (now known as York, Maine) became the first incorporated city in what would become the United States.
1565 ~ The city of Rio de Janeiro in what is now Brazil was founded.
1562 ~ Sixty-three Huguenots were massacred by Catholics in Wassy, France. This marked the beginning of the French Wars of Religion.
Good-Byes:
2021 ~ Vernon Jordan (né Vernon Eulion Jordan, Jr.; b. Aug. 15, 1935), African-American lawyer and civil rights activist who became a Washington, D.C. power broker. He was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He died in Washington, D.C. at age 85.
2020 ~ Jack Welch (né John Francis Welch, Jr.; b. Nov. 19, 1935), American boss of General Electric who popularized ruthless management. He went to the University of Massachusetts and earned an engineering degree. He was the head of General Electric between 1981 to 2001. He was born in Peabody, Massachusetts. He died of kidney failure at age 84 in Manhattan, New York.
2019 ~ Zhores Alferov (né Zhores Ivanovich Alferov; b. Mar. 15, 1930), Russian physicist and recipient of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Vitebsk, Belarus when is was a part of the Soviet Union. He died in St. Petersburg, Russia 2 weeks before his 89th birthday.
2017 ~ Gustav Metzger (b. Apr. 10, 1926), German artist who made a career out of destruction. He died at age 90.
2014 ~ Alain Resnais (b. June 3, 1922), the French filmmaker who challenged viewers. He died at age 91.
2013 ~ Bonnie Franklin (née Bonnie Gail Franklin; b. Jan. 6, 1944), American actress and TV star who embodied the single mom. She is best known for her role in the television sit-com One Day at a Time. She died at age 69 of pancreatic cancer.
2012 ~ Andrew Breitbart (né Andrew James Breitbart; b. Feb. 1, 1969), American conservative journalist and publisher. He was a graduate of Tulane University. He died a month after his 43rd birthday of heart failure.
2005 ~ Peter Malkin (né Zvi Malkin; b. May 27, 1927), Israeli spy who captured Adolf Eichmann. He was born in Poland, but his family moved to British Palestine in 1936 to escape the increased anti-Semitism. In 1939, he joined the Hagannah. After graduating from high school, he joined the Mossad. The story of Eichmann’s capture was depicted in the 2018 film Operation Finale. He died at age 76.
1995 ~ Georges J. F. Köhler (né Georges Jean Franz Köhler; b. Apr. 17, 1946), German biologist and recipient of the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died of heart failure at age 48.
1991 ~ Edwin H. Land (né Edwin Herbert Land; b. May 7, 1909), American scientist and inventor of the Polaroid camera. He died at age 81 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1983 ~ Arthur Koestler (né Artúr Kōsztler; b. Sept. 5, 1905), Hungarian-born British author. He died at age 77.
1980 ~ Wilhelmina Cooper (née Gertrude Behmenburg; b. May 1, 1939), Dutch-American model who started her own modeling agency, Wilhelmina Models. She died of lung cancer at age 40.
1950 ~ Alfred Korzybski (b. July 3, 1879), Polish mathematician and linguist. He died in Connecticut at age 70.
1943 ~ Alexandre Yersin (né Alexandre Emil Jean Yersin; b. Sept. 22, 1863), Swiss-French physician and bacteriologist. He is known for isolating and discovering the bacterium responsible for the bubonic plague. This bacterium, Yersinia pestis, is named in his honor. He died at age 79.
1938 ~ Gabriele d’Annunzio (d. Mar. 12, 1963), Italian poet. He died 11 days before his 75th birthday.
1911 ~ Jacobus Henricus van ‘t Hoff (b. Aug. 30, 1852), Dutch physical and organic chemist. He was the first recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which awarded in 1901. He was the first recipient of the Nobel Prize given in this category. He died of tuberculosis at age 58.
1884 ~ Isaac Todhunter (b. Nov. 23, 1820), English mathematician. He his best known for the books he wrote on the history of mathematics. He died at age 63.
1865 ~ Anna Pavlovna of Russia (b. Jan. 18, 1795), Queen consort of the Netherlands and wife of King William II of the Netherlands. She was the daughter of Paul I of Russia. She died at age 70.
1862 ~ Peter Barlow (b. Oct. 13, 1776), English mathematician and physicist. He died at age 85.
1827 ~ Christopher Gore (b. Sept. 21, 1758), 8th Governor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from May 1898 until June 1810. He also served as a United States Senator from Massachusetts from May 1813 until Mary 1918. He died at age 68.
1825 ~ John Brooks (b. May 4, 1752), 11th Governor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from May 1816 through May 1823. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but May 4, 1752 is the date of his baptism. He was born and died in Medford, Massachusetts. He died at age 72.
1792 ~ Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. May 5, 1747). He ruled from September 1790 until his death in 1792. He died suddenly at age 44.
1320 ~ Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan (b. April 9, 1285), Chinese Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. He was also the 8thGreat Khan of the Mongol Empire. He died at age 34.
1131 ~ King Stephen II of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1101). He reigned from 1116 until his death in 1131. The date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 29 or 30 at the time of his death.
965 ~ Pope Leo VIII. He was Pope from June 964 until his death less than a year later. He was the antipope from December 963. The date of his birth is not known.
492 ~ Pope Felix III. He was Pope from March 483 until his death 9 years later. The date of his birth is unknown.
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