Birthdays:
1978 ~ Justin Long (né Justin Jacob Long), American actor. His great-great grandfather was Louisiana politician Huey Long. He was born in Fairfield, Connecticut.
1972 ~ Wayne Brady (né Wayne Alphonso Brady), African-American comedian and game show host. He was born in Columbus, Georgia.
1955 ~ Dana Carvey (né Dana Thomas Carvey), American comedian and actor. He was born in Missoula, Montana.
1953 ~ Cornel West (né Cornel Ronald West), African-American philosopher, political activist and social critic. He was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
1951 ~ Gilbert Baker (d. Mar. 31, 2017), American gay activist who created the rainbow flag. He died at age 65.
1948 ~ Jerry Mathers (né Gerald Patrick Mathers), American actor. He is best known for his role as Theodore “Beaver” Cleaver on the television sit-com Leave It to Beaver. He was born in Sioux City, Iowa.
1944 ~ Marvin Hamlisch (né Marvin Frederick Hamlisch; d. Aug. 6, 2012), American composer, conductor and pianist who rewrote Hollywood’s songbook. He died of respiratory failure at age 68.
1941 ~ Charlie Watts (né Charles Robert Watts), English drummer and member of The Rolling Stones. He was born in Kingsbury, England.
1937 ~ Sally Kellerman (née Sally Clare Kellerman), American actress. She is best known for her role as Major Margaret “Hot Lips” Houlihan in the 1970 movie M*A*S*H. She was born in Long Beach, California.
1935 ~ Carol Shields (née Carol Ann Warner; d. July 16, 2003), American-born Canadian novelist. She is best known for her novel, The Stone Diaries. She died of breast cancer at age 68.
1930 ~ Pete Conrad (né Charles Conrad, Jr.; d. July 8, 1999), American astronaut. He was a part of the Apollo 12 mission and became the 3rd man to walk on the moon. He died at age 69 from injuries sustained in a motorcycle accident.
1926 ~ Milo O’Shea (né Milo Donal O’Shea; d. Apr. 2, 2013), Irish character actor. He died at age 86.
1923 ~ Lloyd Shapley (né Lloyd Stowell Shapley; d. Mar. 12, 2016), American mathematician and economist. He was the recipient of the 2012 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science. He was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He died at age 92.
1922 ~ Charlie Sifford (né Charles Luther Sifford; d. Feb. 3, 2015), African-American professional golfer who shattered racial barriers. He was the first African-American to play on the PGA tour. He was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2004. He was known for chomping on a cigar while on the links. He was born in Charlotte, North Carolina. He died at age 92 in Cleveland, Ohio.
1921 ~ Betty Freeman (née Betty Wishnick; d. Jan. 3, 2009), American philanthropist and photographer.
1916 ~ George Houser (né George Mills Houser; d. Aug. 19, 2015), American minister and civil rights activist who led the First Freedom Ride. He was 99 years old.
1904 ~ Johnny Weissmuller (né Johann Peter Weißmüller; d. Jan. 20, 1984), Hungarian-born American swimmer and actor, best known for his role as Tarzan in the movies. He died at age 79 of pulmonary edema.
1899 ~ Lotte Reiniger (née Charlotte Reiniger; d. June 19, 1981), German film director and pioneer in silhouette animation. She died less than 3 weeks after her 82nd birthday.
1857 ~ Karl Adolph Gjellerup (d. Oct. 13, 1919), Danish writer and recipient of the 1917 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 62.
1857 ~ Sir Edward Elgar, 1st Baronet (né Edward William Elgar; d. Feb. 23, 1934), English composer, best known for Pomp and Circumstance. He died at age 76.
1840 ~ Thomas Hardy (d. Jan. 11, 1928), English writer best known for his novels, Jude the Obscure and Far from the Madding Crowd. He died at age 87.
1835 ~ Pope Pius X (né Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto; d. Aug. 20, 1914). He was Pope from August 1903 until his death 11 years later. He died of a heart attack at age 79.
1740 ~ Marquis de Sade (né Donatien Alphonse François de Sade; d. Dec. 2, 1814), French author, politician and philosopher. He died at age 74.
1535 ~ Pope Leo XI (né Alessandro Ottaviano de’ Medici; d. Apr. 27, 1605). He was Pope for less that a month, from April 1 until April 27, 1605. He died at age 69.
1448 ~ Domenico Ghirlandiao (d. Jan. 11, 1494), Italian Renaissance painter from Florence. He was born and died in Florence, Italy. He died at age 45.
Events that Changed the World:
2012 ~ Former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak (1928 ~ 2020) was sentenced to life imprisonment for his role in the killing of demonstrators during the 2011 Egyptian revolution. Following the ouster of his successor, Mohamed Morsi (b. 1951), Mubarak was released from prison in August 2013. He was retried, and in May 2015, he and his sons were convicted of corruption and sent to prison. He was acquitted and released from prison in March 2017.
2004 ~ Ken Jennings (b. 1974) began his 74-game winning streak on the game show, Jeopardy!
1953 ~ Queen Elizabeth II (b. 1926) was crowned Queen of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Her Other Realms and Territories. This event was the first major international event to be televised. She had ascended to the throne a year earlier, following the death of her father.
1946 ~ In a referendum, Italians voted to make Italy a republic instead of a monarchy. Following this decision, Umberto II di Savoia (1904 ~ 1983), King of Italy, was exiled.
1924 ~ President Calvin Coolidge (1872 ~ 1933) signed the Indian Citizenship Act, which granted citizenship to all Native Americans born within the territorial limits of the United States.
1896 ~ Guglielmo Marconi (1874 ~ 1963) applied for a patent for his invention of the radio.
1886 ~ President Grover Cleveland (1837 ~ 1908) married Frances Folsom (1864 ~ 1947) in the White House. He was 27 years older that his new wife, who was only 21 years old. He is the only United States President to marry while in office.
1855 ~ The Portland Rum Riots began in Portland, Maine. The riots were in response to the law that prohibited the sale and manufacture of alcohol in Maine.
1835 ~ P.T. Barnum (1810 ~ 1891) and his circus began the first tour of the United States.
1692 ~ Bridget Bishop (1632 ~ 1692) became the first person to go to trial in the Salem Witch trials in Salem, Massachusetts. She was found guilty and was hanged on June 10, 1692.
1098 ~ The first Siege of Antioch ended when Crusaders, during the First Crusade, took the city by force.
455 ~ The traditional date attributed to when Vandals entered Rome and sacked the city for two weeks.
Good-Byes:
2018 ~ Paul Boyer (né Paul Delos Boyer, b. July 31, 1918), American biochemist and 1997 Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry. He was born in Provo, Utah. He died at age 99 in Los Angeles, California.
2017 ~ Jack O’Neill (b. Mar. 27, 1923), American surfer who invented the modern wetsuit. He was born in Denver, Colorado. He died at age 94 in Santa Cruz, California.
2015 ~ Irwin Rose (né Irwin Allan Rose; b. July 16, 1926), American biologist and recipient of the 2004 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was 88 years old.
2014 ~ Alexander Shulgin (né Alexander Theodore Shulgin, b. June 17, 1925), American chemist and pharmacologist who introduced the world to Ecstasy. He was born in Berkeley, California. He died 15 days before his 89th birthday in Lafayette, California.
2012 ~ Richard Dawson (né Colin Lionel Emm; b. Nov. 20, 1932), English-American actor, comedian and game-show host. He is best known for his role in Hogan’s Heroes. He died of esophageal cancer at age 79.
2012 ~ Adolfo Calero (b. Dec. 22, 1931), Nicaraguan who lead the Nicaraguan Democratic Force, the largest contras rebel group opposing the Sandinista government. He died of complications of pneumonia and kidney disease at age 80.
2008 ~ Bo Diddley (né Ellas Otha Bates; b. Dec. 30, 1928), African-American musician. He died at age 79.
2008 ~ Mel Ferrer (né Melchor Gastón Ferrer; b. Aug. 25, 1917), Cuban-born American actor. Audrey Hepburn was one of his wives. He died of heart failure at age 90.
2001 ~ Imogene Coca (née Emogeane Coca; b. Nov. 18, 1908), American actress. She died at age 92.
2000 ~ Gerald Whitrow (né Gerald James Whitrow; b. June 9, 1912), English mathematician. He died 7 days before his 88th birthday.
1996 ~ Amos Tversky (né Amos Nathan Tversky; b. Mar. 16, 1937), Israeli cognitive and mathematical psychologist. He collaborated with Daniel Kahneman, who was awarded the Nobel Prize 6 years after Tversky’s death. He was born in Haifa, Israel. He died of melanoma at age 56 in Stanford, California.
1990 ~ Sir Rex Harrison (né Reginald Carey Harrison, b. Mar. 5, 1908), English actor best known for his role of Henry Higgins in My Fair Lady. He died of pancreatic cancer at age 82.
1987 ~ Sammy Kaye (né Samuel Zarnocay, Jr.; b. Mar. 13, 1910), American musician and saxophonist. He died at age 77.
1962 ~ Vita Sackville-West, Lady Nicolson (née Victoria Mary Sackville-West; b. Mar. 9, 1892), English writer and garden designer. She died of cancer at age 70.
1961 ~ George S. Kaufman (né George Simon Kaufman; b. Nov. 16, 1889), American playwright. He died at age 71.
1951 ~ Émile-Auguste Cartier (b. Mar. 3, 1868), French philosopher and journalist. He died at age 82.
1942 ~ Andrew Forsyth (né Andrew Russell Forsyth; b. June 18, 1858), Scottish mathematician. He was born in Glasgow, Scotland. He died 2 weeks before his 84thbirthday in South Kensington, England.
1941 ~ Lou Gehrig (né Henry Louis Gehrig; b. June 19, 1903), American baseball player. He died 17 days before his 38th birthday. He had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), now often referred to as Lou Gehrig Diseases.
1785 ~ Jean Paul de Gua de Malves (b. 1713), French mathematician. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
657 ~ Pope Eugene I. He was Pope from August 654 until his death 3 years later. The date of his birth is unknown.
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