May 26

Birthdays:

1971~ Matt Stone (né Matthew Richard Stone), American animator and co-creator of South Park.

1966~ Helena Bonham Carter, English actress.

1966~ Zola Budd, South American athlete.  She ran barefoot in the 1984 Olympics.

1961~ Rob Matthews (né Robert Matthews; d. Apr. 11, 2018), British blind runner who dominated the Paralympics.  He was born with a degenerative eye condition and was blinded by age 20.  He died of a brain tumor at age 56.

1951~ Sally Ride (née Sally Kristen Ride; d. July 23, 2012), First American female astronaut to go into space.  She died at age 61 of pancreatic cancer.

1940~ Levon Helm (né Mark Levon Helm; d. Apr. 19, 2012), American musician.  He was The Band’spurveyor of Southern grit.  He died of throat cancer at age 71.

1928~ Jack Kevorkian (né Murad Kervorkian, d. June 3, 2011), American pathologist and activist for assisted suicide.  Ironically, he chose not to die by suicide.  He died 8 days after his 83^rdbirthday.

1926~ Miles Davis (né Miles Dewey Davis, III, d. Sept. 28, 1991), African-American Jazz trumpeter, bandleader and composer. He died at age 65.

1925~ Dan Robbins (né John Daniel Robbins; d. Apr. 1, 2019), American artist who brought painting to the masses.  He developed the idea of the paint-by-numbers kits so children could “create” paintings. He died at age 93.

1923~ James Arness (né James King Aurness, d. June 3, 2011), American rugged actor who played Matt Dillon on Gunsmoke.  His brother was Peter Graves.  Arness died 8 days after his 88^thbirthday.

1922~ Billy Guste (né William Joseph Guste, Jr.; d. July 25, 2013), Louisiana Attorney General.  He served as the Attorney General from May 1972 until January 1992.  He was born and died in New Orleans, Louisiana.  He died at age 91.

1920~ Peggy Lee (née Norma Deloris Egstrom; d. Jan. 21, 2002), American singer and actress.  She died at age 81 of complications from diabetes following a heart attack.

1912~ Jay Silverheels (né Harold John Smith, d. Mar. 5, 1980), First Nation Mohawk actor, best known as Tonto, companion of the Lone Ranger on the television show of the same name.  He died of a stroke at age 67.

1908~ Robert Morley (né Robert Adolph Wilton Morley; d. June 3, 1992), British actor. He died 8 days after his 84^thbirthday.

1907~ John Wayne (né Marion Robert Morrison; d. June 11, 1979), American actor.  He died of stomach cancer 16 days after his 72^ndbirthday.

1895~ Dorothea Lange (née Dorothea Margaretta Nutzhorn; d. Oct. 11, 1965), American photographer, best known for her work during the Great Depression.  She died of esophageal cancer at age 70.

1886~ Al Jolson (né Asa Yoelson; d. Oct. 23, 1950), Lithuanian-born American comedian and singer.  He died of a heart attack at age 64.

1867~ Mary of Teck (d. Mar. 24, 1953), Queen Consort to King George V of the United Kingdom. She was the grandmother of Queen Elizabeth II.  She died at age 85.

1667~ Abraham de Moivre (d. Nov. 27, 1854), French mathematician.  He died at age 87.

1478~ Pope Clement VII (né Giulio di Giuliano de’Medici; d. Sept. 25, 1534).  He was Pope from November 1523 until his death in 1534.  He died at age 56.

Events that Changed the World:

1998~ The United States Supreme Court ruled in New Jersey v. New York, that Ellis Island is mainly in the State of New Jersey and not New York.

1986~ The European Community adopted the European flag.

1983~ A 7.7 magnitude earthquake struck Japan and caused a tsunami that killed over 100 people and injured scores of others.

1978~ The first legal casino in the eastern United States opened in Atlantic City, New Jersey.

1972~ The United States and the Soviet Union signed the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.

1946~ A patent was filed in the United States for the hydrogen bomb.

1938~ The United States House Un-American Activities Committee began meeting.

1908~ At Masjed Soleyman in southwest Persia, the first major commercial oil strike in the Middle East was made.  The rights to the oil was acquired by the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, which in 1954 became known as the British Petroleum or BP Company.

1897~ Bram Stoker’s Draculawas published.

1896~ The first edition the of the Dow Jones Industrial Average, by Charles Dow (1851 ~ 1902), was published.

1896~ Nicholas II (1868 ~ 1918) became Tsar of Imperial Russia.

1869~ Boston University received its charter from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

1868~ The impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson (1808 ~ 1875) concluding finding Johnson not guilty.

1830~ The Indian Removal Act was passed by US Congress.  President Andrew Jackson (1767 ~ 1845) signed the Act into law two days later, on May 28.  This Act ultimately lead to the Trail of Tears, in which Native Americans were forcibly removed from their land to migrate west.

1736~ During the Battle of Ackia, British and Chicksaw soldiers repelled a French and Choctaw attack on the village of Ackia (near present-day Tupelo, Mississippi).  Jean Baptiste Le Moyne (1680 ~ 1767), the French Louisiana governor, had hoped to link Louisiana with Acadia and other northern colonies of New France.

1647~ Alse Young (1600 ~ 1647), of Hartford, Connecticut, became the first recorded person executed as a witch in the American colonies. 

1538~ The city of Geneva expelled John Calvin (1509 ~ 1564) and his followers.  He relocated in exile to Strasbourg.

1293~ An earthquake in Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan killed an estimated 30,000 people.

Good-Byes:

2018~ Alan Bean (né Alan LaVern Bean; b. Mar. 15, 1932), American astronaut who turned his lunar experience into art.  He was the 4^thperson to walk on the moon.  He died in Houston, Texas at age 86.

2017~ Zbrigniew Brzezinski (né Zbigniew Kazimierz Brzezinski; b. Mar. 28, 1928), Polish-born American political scientist who served as the United States National Security Advisor under President Jimmy Carter from January 1977 until January 1981.  He was the 10^thUnited States National Security Advisor.  His daughter, Mike Brzizinski, is a co-anchor on the MSNBC news show, Morning Joe.  He died at age 89.

2010~ Art Linkletter (né Arthur Gordon Kelly; b. July 17, 1912), Canadian-American radio and television host. He died at age 97.

2008~ Sydney Pollack (néSydney Irwin Pollack; b. July 1, 1934), American Oscar-winning director, who tackled many genres.  He died of cancer at age 73.

2005~ Dale Velzy (b. Sept. 23, 1927), American surfboard maker who defined the “surfer dude lifestyle.”  He died at age 77.

2005~ Eddie Albert (né Edward Albert Heimberger; b. Apr. 22, 1906), American actor. He is best known for his role as Oliver Wendell Douglas on the sit-com Green Acres.  He died of complications of pneumonia at age 99.

1943~ Edsel Ford (néEdsel Bryant Ford; b. Nov. 6, 1893), American businessman.  He was the son of Henry Ford.  The car named after him was introduced in 1957, many years after his death. He died of stomach cancer at age 49.

1939~ Charles H. Mayo (né Charles Horace Mayo; b. July 19, 1865), American physician and co-founder of the Mayo Clinic. He died of pneumonia at age 73.

1931~ Kate Marsden (b. May 13, 1859), British nurse best known for traveling to Siberia to research and find a cure for leprosy.  She died 13 days after her 72^ndbirthday.

1914~ Jacob Riis (néJacob August Riis; b. May 3, 1849), Dutch-born American journalist and photographer.  He devoted his career to social reformer.  He died 3 weeks after his 65^thbirthday.

1907~ Ida McKinley (née Ida Saxton; b. June 8, 1847), First Lady and wife of President William McKinley.  She died 13 days before her 60^thbirthday.

1904~ Georges Gilles de la Tourette (b. Oct. 30, 1857), French neurologist who first described the condition now known as Tourette’s syndrome.  He died at age 46.

1902~ Almon Strowger (né Almon Brown Strowger; b. Feb. 11, 1839) American undertaker and inventor who patented the Strowger switch, a device which led to the automation of telephone circuit switching.  He died of an aneurysm at age 63.

1793~ Eliza Lucas (b. Dec. 28, 1722), English-American agriculturalist.  She was born in the British West Indies before moving to what is now South Carolina.  It was in South Carolina where she developed indigo as an important cash crop. She died of cancer at age 61.

1703~ Samuel Pepys (b. Feb. 23, 1633), English naval administrator, civil servant and diarist.  He is best known for his diary, which provided a first-hand account of life in the 1700s.  He died at age 70.

1497~ Antonio Manetti (b. July 6, 1423), Italian mathematician and architect.  He died at age 73.

946~ Edmund I of England (b. 921).  He was murdered by a thief.  The exact date of his birth is unknown.

735~ Bede (b. 673), English monk, historian, theologian and scholar.  He is often referred to as Saint Bede the Venerable.  The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about 61 or 62 at the time of his death.

604~ Augustine of Canterbury, Benedictine monk and first Archbishop of Canterbury.  The date of his birth is not known.