Birthdays:
1952~ Mitch Pileggi (né Mitchell Craig Pileggi), American actor.
1951~ Dean Kamen, American engineer and inventor. He is the founder of the Segway, Inc.
1949~ Judith Resnik (née Judith Arlene Resnik;. Jan. 28, 1986), American astronaut who was killed in the destruction of the Space Shuttle Challenger. She was 36 years old.
1941~ Michael Moriarty, Canadian-American actor.
1937~ Colin Powell (né Colin Luther Powell), American Army General. He served as the 65th Secretary of State under President George W. Bush. He served in this Office from January 2001 until January 2005. He also served as the 16th National Security Advisor under President Ronald Reagan.
1933~ Frank Gorshin (né Frank John Gorshin, Jr.; d. May 17, 2005), American comedian best known for his role as The Riddler on Batman. He died at age 72 of lung cancer.
1933~ Barbara Holland (née Barbara Murray Holland; d. Sept. 7, 2010), American writer who celebrated her vices, such as drinking and smoking cigarettes. She died at age 77 of lung cancer.
1929~ Ivar Giaever, Norwegian physicist and recipient of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physics.
1921~ Jerzy Kluger (d. Dec. 31, 2011), Polish-born Jewish confident of Pope John Paul II. They were childhood friends and remained so throughout their lives. He died at age 90.
1920~ Arthur Hailey (né Arthur Frederick Hailey; d. Nov. 24, 2004), British-Canadian author. He wrote such books as Hoteland Airport. He died at age 84.
1916~ Gregory Peck (né Eldred Gregory Peck; d. June 12, 2003), American actor, best known for his role as Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird. He died at age 87 of bronchopneumonia.
1908~ Bette Davis (née Ruth Elizabeth Davis; d. Oct. 6, 1989), American actress. She was born in Lowell, Massachusetts. She died at age 81 of breast cancer.
1908~ Ernestine Gilbreth Carey (née Ernestine Moller Gilbreth; d. Nov. 4, 2006), American author. She is best known as being one of 12 children of Lillian and Frank Gilbreth, whose life was chronicled in the 1948 memoir Cheaper by the Dozen. She died at age 98.
1900~ Spencer Tracy (né Spencer Bonaventure Tracy, d. June 10, 1967), American actor. He died at age 67 of a heart attack.
1886~ Gustavo Jiménez (d. Mar. 15, 1933), Peruvian colonel and President of Peru for 6 days from March 5 through March 11, 1931. He died 3 weeks before his 47th birthday.
1883~ Walter Huston (né Walter Thomas Houghston; d. Apr. 7, 1950), Canadian actor. He was the father of director John Huston and the grandfather of actress Anjelica Huston. He died 2 days after his 67th birthday of an aortic aneurysm.
1872~ Samuel Cate Prescott (d. Mar. 19, 1962), American microbiologist and food scientist. He was born in South Hampton, New Hampshire. He died at age 89.
1869~ Sergey Chaplygin (d. Oct. 8, 1942), Russian physicist and mathematician. He died at age 75.
1858~ Washington Atlee Burpee (d. Nov. 26, 1915), Canadian horticulturist and founder of the Burpee Seed Company. He died at age 57.
1856~ Booker T. Washington (né Booker Taliaferro Washington; d. Nov. 14, 1915), African-American educator and civil rights activist. The actual date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been born on April 5, 1856. He died at age 59.
1827~ Sir Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister (d. Feb. 10, 1912), English surgeon, who developed the practice of antiseptic surgery. He died at age 84.
1816~ Samuel Freeman Miller (d. Oct. 13, 1890), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Abraham Lincoln. He replaced Peter Daniel on the Court. He was in office from July 1862 until his death 28 years later. He was 74 years old at the time of his death.
1761~ Sybil Ludington (d. Feb. 26, 1839), heroine of the American Revolutionary War. At age 16, she rode her horse 40 miles throughout the night of April 22, 1777 to warn the militiamen that British troops were planning to attack Danbury, Connecticut. She died at age 77.
1649~ Elihu Yale (d. July 8, 1721),American–born Welch businessman and slave trader. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He was a major benefactor of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, which is named in his honor. He died at age 72.
1622~ Vincenzo Viviani (d. Sept. 22, 1703), Italian mathematician. He died at age 81.
1588~ Thomas Hobbes (d. Dec. 4, 1679), English philosopher. He is considered the Father of Modern Political Science. He died at age 91.
1568~ Pope Urban VIII (né Maffeo Barberini, d. July 29, 1644). He was Pope from August 1623 until his death 21 years later. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he was baptized on April 5, 1568. He died at age 76.
1472~ Bianca Maria Sforza (d. Dec. 31, 1510), Holy Roman Empress and Italian wife of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor. He was her second husband and she was his second wife. She died at age 38.
1170~ Isabella of Hainault (d. Mar. 15, 1190), Queen consort of France and wife of King Philip II of France. She died giving birth to twins 3 weeks before her 20th birthday. The twins died 4 days after their birth.
Events that Changed the World:
2015~ Easter Sunday.
2010~ An explosion at the Upper Big Branch Mine in West Virginia killed 29 coal miners.
1992~ Alberto Fujimori (b. 1938), President of Peru, dissolved the Peruvian congress by military force.
1955~ Winston Churchill (1874 ~ 1965) resigned as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1951~ Ethel (1915 ~ 1953) and Julius (1918 ~ 1953) Rosenberg were sentenced to death for espionage with the Soviet Union.
1936~ Massive tornadoes killed over 230 people in Tupelo, Mississippi.
1922~ The American Birth Control League, founded by Margaret Sanger (1879 ~ 1966), and the predecessor of Planned Parenthood, was incorporated.
1879~ Chile declared war on Bolivia and Peru, thus starting the War of the Pacific, which raged through 1883.
1862~ The Battle of Yorktown during the American Civil War began.
1792~ President George Washington (1732 ~ 1799) exercised his presidential authority to veto a bill enacted by Congress. Congress had enacted a law that would increase the number of United States Representatives from 67 to 120. Congress failed to override Washington’s veto, but instead revised the bill to provide for 103 members, based on the new census data.
1722~ Dutch explorer Jacob Roggeveen (1659 ~ 1729) discovered Easter Island.
1710~ Copyright law was established in the United Kingdom.
1621~ The Mayflower set sail from Plymouth, Massachusetts on a return trip to England.
1614~ Pocahontas (1595 ~ 1617) married John Rolfe (1585 ~ 1622) in Virginia.
Good-byes:
2015~ Richard Dysart (né Richard Allen Dysart; b. Mar. 30, 1929), American actor best known for his role as Leland McKenzie on LA Law. He died 6 days after his 86th birthday.
2014~ Peter Matthiessen (b. May 22, 1927), American author who roamed the wild. He died of leukemia at age 86.
2011~ Baruch Samuel Blumberg (b. July 28, 1925), American physician and recipient of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the study of kuru. He died at age 85.
2009~ I.J. Good (né Isadore Jacob Gudak; b. Dec. 9, 1916), British mathetician and cryptologist. He worked with Alan Turing. He died at age 92.
2008~ Charlton Heston (néJohn Charles Carter; b. Oct. 4, 1923), American actor and advocate for the National Rifle Association. He died at age 84.
2005~ Saul Bellow (né Solomon Bellows; b. June 10, 1915), Canadian-born Jewish novelist and recipient of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 89 in Brookline, Massachusetts.
2005~ Dale Messick (née Dalia Messick, b. Apr. 11, 1906), American author and illustrator. She was the creator of the comic Brenda Starr. She died 6 days before her 99th birthday.
2004~ Heiner Zieschang (b. Nov. 12, 1936), German mathematician. His field of mathematics was topology. He died at age 67.
2000~ Lee Petty (né Lee Arnold Petty; b. Mar. 14, 1914), American racecar driver. He was the father of racecar driver Richard Petty. He died at age 86 of an abdominal aortic aneurysm.
1997~ Allen Ginsberg (né Irwin Allen Ginsberg; b. June 3, 1926), American beat-poet. He died of liver cancer at age 70.
1994~ Kurt Cobain (né Kurt Donald Cobain; b. Feb. 20, 1967), American musician and front-man for Nirvana. He died by suicide at age 27.
1992~ Sam Walton (né Samuel Moore Walton; b. Mar. 29, 1918), American retailer and founder of Wal-Mart and Sam’s Club stores. He died of multiple myeloma about a week after his 74th birthday.
1982~ Abe Fortas (né Abraham Fortas; b. June 19, 1910), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Lyndon Johnson. He replaced Arthur Goldberg on the Court. He served on the Court from October 1965 until May 1969. He died at age 71 of a ruptured aorta.
1976~ Howard Hughes (né Howard Robard Hughes, Jr.; b. Dec. 24, 1905), American hermit and aviator. He died in Houston, Texas of kidney at age 70.
1976~ Wilder Penfield (néWilder Graves Penfield; b. Jan. 26, 1891), Canadian-American neurosurgeon. He is best known for treatment of epilepsy by surgery. He died at age 85.
1975~ Chiang Kai-shek (b. Oct. 31, 1887), 1st President of the Republic of China. He died at age 87.
1967~ Hermann Joseph Muller (b. Dec. 21, 1890), American geneticist and recipient of the 1946 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He is best known for his work on the effects of radiation on living cells. He died at age 76.
1964~ Douglas MacArthur (b. Jan. 26, 1880), American 5 Star General. He served during World War II. He died at age 84.
1955~ Tibor Szele (b. June 21, 1918), Hungarian mathematician. He died at age 36.
1933~ Hjalmar Mellin (né Robert Hjalmar Mellin; b. June 19, 1854), Finnish mathematician. He died at age 78.
1923~ George Hebert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon (b. June 26, 1866), English banker and financier of Howard Carter’s archeological expeditions which lead to the discovery of King Tut’s tomb. He died at age 56 from an infected mosquito bite.
1900~ Joseph Louis François Bertrand (b. Mar. 11, 1822), French mathematician. He died less that a month before his 79th birthday.
1861~ Ferdinand Joachimsthal (b. Mar. 9, 1818), German mathematician. He died less than a month after his 43rd birthday.
1751~ King Frederick I of Sweden (b. Apr. 28, 1676). He died 23 days before his 75th birthday.
1697~ Charles XI of Sweden (b. Nov. 24, 1655). He ruled Sweden from February 1660 until his death 27 years later. He was married to Ulrika Eleanora of Denmark. He died at age 41 of stomach cancer.
1684~ William Brouncker (b. 1620), English mathematician. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about 64 at the time of his death.
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