Birthdays:
1993~ Bobbi Kristina Brown (d. July 26, 2015), American television personality. She was the daughter of Whitney Houston and Bobby Brown. She died of a drug overdose, in a similar manner to her mother. She was 22 years old.
1965~ Khaled Hosseini, Afghan physician and author, whose best selling books included The Kite Runner and 1000 Splendid Suns.
1961~ Steven Weber (né Steven Robert Weber), American actor.
1958~ Patricia Heaton (née Patricia Helen Heaton), American actress, best known for her role as Frankie Heck on The Middle.
1954~ Catherine O’Hara (née Catherine Anne O’Hara), Canadian actress.
1950~ Rick Perry (né James Richard Perry), 14th United States Secretary of Energy during the Trump Administration. He assumed this Office in March 2017. He had previously served as the 47th Governor of Texas from December 2000 until January 2015. He was an unsuccessful candidate in the 2012 and the 2016 bid to win the Republican nomination for the Presidential election.
1944~ Bobby Womack (né Robert Dwayne Womack; d. June 27, 2014), American soul music veteran who influenced the Rolling Stones. He died at age 70.
1938~ Paula Prentiss (née Paula Ragusa), American actress. She starred in the television sit-com, He & She, with her husband, Richard Benjamin. She was born in San Antonio, Texas.
1932~ Miriam Makeba (née Zenzile Miriam Makeba; d. Nov. 9, 2008), South African singer-songwriter. She was known as Mama Africa. She died at age 76.
1926~ Richard DeVos, Sr. (né Richard Marvin DeVos; d. Sept. 6, 2018), American Amway founder who bankrolled conservative causes. He died at age 92. His daughter-in-law, Elizabeth DeVos, was the United States Secretary of Education during the Donald Trump administration.
1918~ Margaret Osborne DuPont (née Margaret Evelyn Osborne; d. Oct. 24, 2012), American tennis champion who played for the love of the game. She was married to William DuPont, Jr., who did not allow his wife to travel to Australia to compete in the Australian Open. She died at age 94.
1906~ Avery Fisher (né Albert Robert Fisher; d. Feb. 26, 1994), American audio specialist. He is best known for the design of the auditorium in the Lincoln Center cultural complex in Manhattan. He died of a stroke 6 days before his 88th birthday.
1906~ Charles Walgreen, Jr. (né Charles Rudolph Walgreen, Jr.; d. Feb. 10, 2007), American businessman and son of the founder of the Walgreen drug store chain. He died less that a month before his 101st birthday.
1889~ Oscar Chisini (d. Apr. 10, 1967), Italian mathematician. He died at age 78.
1888~ Knute Rockne (néKnute Kenneth Rockne; d. Mar. 31, 1931), American football player and coach at the University of Notre Dame. He was killed in an airplane crash in Kansas, while en route to participate in the film, The Spirit of Notre Dame. He died 27 days after his 43rd birthday.
1881~ Richard Tolman (né Richard Chace Tolman; d. Sept. 5, 1948), American mathematical physicist. He was born in West Newton, Massachusetts. He died at age 67.
1877~ Garrett Morgan (d. July 27, 1963), African-American inventor. He is credited with inventing the gas mask, known at the time as a respiratory protective hood. He died at age 86.
1875~ Mihály Károlyi (d. Mar. 19, 1955), President of Hungary during the short-lived First Hungarian People’s Republic from January 1919 until March 1919. He died 15 days after his 80th birthday.
1873~ John H. Trumbull (né John Harper Trumbull; d. May 21, 1961), 70th Governor of Connecticut. He served as Governor from January 1925 until January 1931. He died at age 88.
1871~ Boris Galerkin (d. July 12, 1945), Russian mathematician. He died at age 74.
1866~ Eugène Cosserat (d. May 31, 1931), French mathematician and astronomer. He died at age 65.
1847~ Carl Josef Bayer (d. Oct. 4, 1904), Austrian chemist who invented the Bayer process of extracting alumina from bauxite. He died at age 57.
1826~ John Buford (d. Dec. 16, 1863), American Union general who served the United States in the American Civil War. He is best known for his role during the first day of he Battle of Gettysburg. He died of illness, possibly typhus, at age 37.
1822~ Jules Antoine Lissajous (d. June 24, 1880), French mathematician. He died at age 58.
1817~ Edwards Pierrepont (d. Mar. 6, 1892), 33rd Attorney General of the United States. He served under President Ulysses S. Grant from April 1875 until May 1876. He was born in North Haven, Connecticut. He died of a massive stroke 2 days after his 75th birthday.
1781~ Rebecca Gratz (d. Aug. 27, 1869), American-Jewish educator and philanthropist. She died at age 88.
1678~ Antonio Vivaldi (né Antonio Lucio Vavaldi, d. July 28, 1741), Italian composer. He died at age 63.
1394~ Prince Henry the Navigator (d. Nov. 13, 1460), patron of early Portuguese exploration. He was the son of King John I of Portugal. He died at age 66.
1188~ Blanche of Castile (d. Nov. 27, 1251), Queen consort of France and wife of King Louis VIII of France. She died at age 64.
895~ Liu Zhiyuan (d. Mar. 10, 948), Chinese emperor and founder of the Later Han Dynasty. He died 6 days after his 53rd birthday.
Events that Changed the World:
1998~ In Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the federal laws banning on-the-job sexual harassment also applied when both parties are of the same sex.
1985~ The United States Food and Drug Administration approved a blood test for AIDS.
1977~ The 1977 Vrancea earthquake struck in eastern and southern Europe. Most of the 1,500 casualties were from Bucharest, Romania.
1974~ People magazine was first published. Mia Farrow (b. 1945) graced the first cover.
1933~ Frances Perkins (1880 ~ 1965) became the 4th United States Secretary of Labor, thus becoming the first female member of United States Cabinet. She served under Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882 ~ 1945) and Harry S Truman (1884 ~ 1972).
1932~ Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882 ~ 1945) was inaugurated as President for his first term.
1918~ Spanish flu made its appearance at the start of a world-wide pandemic.
1917~ Jeannette Rankin (1880 ~ 1973) of Montana became the first female member elected into the United States House of Representatives. She is the only member of Congress to have voted against the United States’s participation and entry into both the World War I and World War II.
1913~ The United States Department of Labor came into being.
1861~ The official flag of the Confederate State of America, the “Stars and Bars”, was adopted. A final version of the Confederate Flag would be adopted on this date by the Confederate Congress in 1865.
1837~ The city of Chicago became incorporated.
1797~ John Adams (1735 ~ 1826) was sworn in as the Second President of the United States.
1794~ The 11th Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified. This Amendment deals with State’s sovereign immunity.
1791~ Vermont became the 14th State of the Union.
1789~ The United States Congress met for the first time under the provisions of the United States Constitution. They first met in New York City. The Bill of Rights was also drafted and proposed to Congress. This date of March 4 was Inauguration Day until 1937.
1681~ William Penn (1644 ~ 1718) was granted a land charter from King Charles II (1630 ~ 1685) for an area that would later become Pennsylvania.
1665~ King Charles II (1630 ~ 1685) of England declared war on the Netherlands, marking the start of the Second Anglo-Dutch War, a conflict between England and the Netherlands over the sea trade routes.
1628~ The Massachusetts Bay Colony was granted a Royal Charter.
1519~ Hernán Cortés (1485 ~ 1547) landed in what is now Mexico.
1493~ Christopher Columbus (1451 ~ 1506) returned to Portugal from his first exploratory voyage to the New World.
1461~ During the English War of the Roses, the Lancastrian King Henry VI (1421 ~ 1471) was deposed by his Yorkist cousin, who became King Edward IV (1442 ~ 1483).
1152~ Frederick I Barbarossa (1122 ~ 1190), also known as Red Beard, was elected King of the Germans. He would later become the Holy Roman Emperor.
Good-Byes:
2018~ Russ Solomon (né Russell Malcolm Solomon; b. Sept. 22, 1925), American entrepreneur and art collector who founded Tower Records. He died at age 92.
2017~ Thomas Starzl (né Thomas Earl Starzl; b. Mar. 11, 1926), American surgeon and transplant pioneer who loathed surgery. He was an expert on organ transplant was performed the first human liver transplants. He is often referred to as the Father of Modern Transplantation. He died 7 days before his 91st birthday.
2016~ Pat Conroy (né Donald Patrick Conroy; b. Oct. 26, 1945), American Southern author. He wrote many novels and memoirs, including The Great Santini. He died of pancreatic cancer at age 70.
2013~ Lillian Cahn (née Lillian Lenovitz; b. Dec. 11, 1923), Hungarian-born businesswoman who co-founded Coach, Inc. She died at age 89.
2011~ Simon van der Meer (b. Nov. 24, 1925), Dutch particle accelerator physicist and recipient of the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died at age 85.
2009~ Horton Foote (né Albert Horton Foote, Jr.; b. Mar. 14, 1916), American award-winning playwright who was considered an American Chekhov. He died 10 days before his 93rd birthday.
2008~ Gary Gygax (né Ernest Gary Gygax; b. July 27, 1938), American “nerd” who invented Dungeons and Dragons. He died of an abdominal aneurysm at age 69.
2007~ Thomas Eagleton (né Thomas Francis Eagleton; b. Sept. 4, 1929), American United States Senator from Missouri. He was briefly the vice presidential nominee with George McGovern in the 1972 election. He died heart and respiratory problems at age 77.
1999~ Harry Blackmun (né Harry Andrew Blackmun; b. Nov. 12, 1908), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Richard Nixon. He served on the Court from June 1970 until August 1994. He replaced Abe Fortas on the High Court. He is best known as being the author of Roe v. Wade. He died at age 90.
1996~ Minnie Pearl (née Sarah Ophelia Colley;b. Oct. 25, 1912), American country singer and comedian. She died at age 83.
1994~ John Candy (né John Franklin Candy; b. Oct. 31, 1950), Canadian actor and comedian. He died of a heart attack at age 43.
1990~ Hank Gathers (né Eric Gathers, b. Feb. 11, 1967), American basketball player. He collapsed and died during a game. He died less than a month after his 23rd birthday.
1986~ Albert Lehninger (né Albert Lester Lehninger; b. Feb. 17, 1917), American biochemist and author of numerous college textbooks. He was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut. He died at about 3 weeks after his 69th birthday.
1986~ Lyudmila Rudenko (b. July 27, 1904), Russian chess master. She was the first woman to be awarded the International Master title. She died at age 81.
1967~ Michel Plancherel (b. Jan. 16, 1885), Swiss mathematician. He died at age 82.
1963~ William Carlos William (b. Sept. 17, 1883), American poet and physician. He was born and died in Rutherford, New Jersey. He died at age 79.
1952~ Sir Charles Scott Sherrington (b. Nov. 27, 1857), English neurophysiologist. He was the recipient of the 1932 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the function of neurons. He died at age 94.
1941~ Ludwig Quidde (b. Mar. 23, 1858), German pacifist and recipient of the 1927 Nobel Peace Prize. He died 19 days before his 83rd birthday.
1915~ William Willett (b. Aug. 10, 1856), English builder and advocate for the establishment of Daylight Saving Time. He died of influenza at age 58 before Daylight Savings Time was established.
1906~ John McAllister Schofield (b. Sept. 29, 1831), 28th United States Secretary of War. He served under Presidents Andrew Johnson and Ulysses S. Grant from June 1868 until March 1869. He died at age 74.
1888~ Amos Bronson Alcott (b. Nov. 29, 1799), American philosopher and educator. He was the father of author Louisa May Alcott, who was born in his 33rd birthday. He was born in Wolcott, Connecticut and died at age 88 in Boston, Massachusetts.
1883~ Alexander H. Stephens (né Alexander Hamilton Stephens; b. Feb. 11, 1812), Vice President of the Confederate States of America. He served under Confederate President Jefferson Davis. He died less than a month after his 71st birthday.
1858~ Matthew C. Perry (né Matthew Calbraith Perry; b. Apr. 10, 1794), Commodore of the United States Navy. He died of rheumatic fever at age 63.
1852~ Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol (b. Mar. 31, 1809), Russian writer. He died 27 days before his 43rd birthday.
1832~ Jean-François Champollion (b. Dec. 23, 1790), French historian and linguist who is best known for deciphering the ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs on the Rosetta Stone. He died of a stroke at age 41.
1795~ John Collins (b. June 8, 1717), 3rd Governor of Rhode Island. He served as Governor from May 1786 until May 1790. He died at age 77.
1728~ Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia (b. Jan. 27, 1708). She was the daughter of Peter I and Catherine I of Russia. She was born before her parents married. She was married to Charles Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp. She was of the House of Romanov. She died at age 20 following complications of childbirth. Her son was Peter III of Russia.
1371~ Jeanne d’Évreux (b. 1310), Queen consort of France and third wife of Charles IV of France. She was of the House of Évreux. The exact date of her birth is not known. She died at about age 60 or 61.
1238~ Joan of England (b. July 22, 1210), Queen consort of Scotland and wife of King Alexander II, King of Scots. She married King Alexander in 1221. She was of the House of Plantagenet. She died at age 27.
1193~ Saladin (b. 1137), Kurdish sultan of Egypt and Syria. He ruled from 1174 until his death 19 years later. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 55 or 56 at the time of his death.
1172~ Stephen III of Hungary (b. Summer 1147). The exact date of is birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 24 or 25 at the time of his death.
561~ Pope Pelagius I. He was Pope from April 556 until his death 6 years later. The date of his birth is unknown.
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