Birthdays:
1974~ Seth Green (né Seth Benjamin Green), American actor.
1967~ Rachel Cusk, Canadian-born author.
1964~ Arlie Petters (né Arlie Oswald Petters), Belizean mathematician.
1955~ John Grisham (né John Ray Grisham, Jr.), American novelist and attorney.
1943~ Creed Bratton (nè William Charles Schneider), American actor best known for his role a Creed in the television sit-com The Office.
1942~ Robert Klein, American comedian and actor.
1941~ Nick Nolte (né Nicholas King Nolte), American actor.
1940~ Ted Koppel, (né Edward James Martin Koppel) American journalist.
1932~ John Williams (né John Towner Williams), American composer and conductor. He composed music for many movies. He was also the principal conductor of the Boston Pops from 1980 to 1993.
1931~ James Dean (né James Bryon Dean, d. Sept. 30, 1955), American actor, best known for his role in Rebel Without a Cause. He was killed in an automobile accident. He died at age 24.
1928~ Jack Larson (né Jack Edward Larson, d. Sept. 20, 2015), American actor and playwright who couldn’t escape his role as Jimmy Olsen from Superman. He was 87 years old.
1925~ Jack Lemmon (né John Uhler Lemmon, III; d. June 27, 2001), American actor. He was born in Newton, Massachusetts. He died at age 76.
1923~ Robert Rietti (né Lucio Herbert Rietti; d. Apr. 3, 2015), British voice actor who played Bond villains again and again. He was 92 years old.
1922~ Audrey Meadows (née Audrey Cotter; d. Feb. 3, 1996), American actress. She is best known for her role as Alice Kramden on The Honeymooners. She died of lung cancer 5 days before her 70th birthday.
1921~ Lana Turner (née Julia Jean Turner; d. June 29, 1995), American actress. She died of esophageal cancer at age 74.
1914~ Bill Finger (né Milton Finger; d. Jan. 18, 1974), American author and co-creator, along with Bob Kane, of Batman. He died of heart disease 21 days before his 60th birthday.
1906~ Chester Carlson (né Chester Floyd Carlson; b. Sept. 19, 1968), American physicist and inventor of Xerography or mimeography. He died of a heart attack at age 62.
1894~ King Vidor (né King Wallis Vidor; d. Nov. 1, 1982), American film director. He was born in Galveston, Texas. He died at age 88.
1882~ Thomas Selfridge (né Thomas Etholen Selfridge; d. Sept. 17, 1908), American lieutenant and first known airplane crash fatality. He was a passenger in a plane piloted by Orville Wright. He was 26 years old.
1876~ Paula Modersohn-Becker (née Paula Becker; d. Nov. 30, 1907), German painter and artist. She is best known for being the first known female to paint nude self-portraits. She died at age 31 of a postpartum embolism.
1878~ Martin Buber (d. June 13, 1965), Austrian-born Israeli Jewish philosopher and theologian. He died at age 87.
1850~ Kate Chopin (née Katherine O’Flaherty, d. Aug. 22, 1904), American author who set many of her stories in Louisiana. She was born and died, however, in St Louis, Missouri. She died of a brain hemorrhage at age 54.
1828~ Jules Verne (né Jules Gabriel Verne; d. Mar. 24, 1905), French science fiction writer. He is best known for such novels as Journey to the Center of the Earthand Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. He died of diabetes at age 77.
1822~ Maxime Du Camp (d. Feb. 9, 1894), French photographer and journalist. He died 1 day after his 72nd birthday.
1820~ William Sherman (né William Tecumseh Sherman; d. Feb. 14, 1891), American Union general in the American Civil War. Prior to serving in the Army, he served as the president of the Louisiana State University. He died 6 days after his 71st birthday.
1819~ John Ruskin (d. Jan. 20, 1900), English author. He died 19 days before his 81st birthday.
1794~ Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge (d. Mar. 25, 1867), German analytical chemist. He is best known for identifying caffeine and discovering the mydriatic effect of belladonna. He died at age 73.
1792~ Caroline Augusta of Bavaria (d. Feb. 9, 1873), Queen consort of Austria and Queen consort of Hungary. She was the 4th and final wife of Francis I of Austria. He had previously been the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, however, he had abdicated that throne prior to his marriage to Caroline. Francis was her second husband. Her first marriage was an arranged political marriage to William, Crown Prince of Wüttemberg. This marriage was annulled. She died 1 day after her 81stbirthday.
1700~ Daniel Bernoulli (d. Mar. 17, 1782), Dutch-Swiss mathematician and physicist. He died at age 82.
1291~ Alfonso IV of Portugal (d. May 28, 1357), King of Portugal and the Algarve. He was known as Alfonso the Brave. He was married to Beatrice of Castile. He was of the Portuguese House of Burgundy. He died at age 66.
412~ Proclus Lycaeus (d. Apr. 17, 485), Greek mathematician and philosopher. He died at age 73.
120~ Vettius Valens (d. 175), Greek astronomer and mathematician. He is believed to have been born on February 8, 120, but the date of his death is not known.
Events that Changed the World:
2005~ Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon (1928 ~ 2014) and Mahmoud Abbas (b. 1935) met at a summit in Sharm-el-Sheikh, Egypt and agreed to a ceasefire, pledging to end the violence of intifada. In addition, the leaders agreed that Israel would hand over control of five (5) West Bank towns, including Jericho, to the Palestinians.
1978~ The proceedings of the United States Senate were broadcast for the first time on radio.
1971~ The NASDAQ stock market index opened for the first time.
1965~ Eastern Airlines Flight 663, heading from Boston to Atlanta, Georgia with a stop-over in New York, crashed into the Atlantic Ocean. All passengers and crew were killed.
1963~ Brigadier General Abdul-Karim Qassem (1914 ~ 1963), the Prime Minister of Iraq, was overthrown by the Ba’ath Party. He was executed the following day, on February 9, 1963.
1963~ Travel, financial and commercial transactions by citizens of the United States to Cuba became illegal by act of the Kennedy administration.
1960~ The official groundbreaking for the Hollywood Walk of Fame took place. The first permanent brass star would be completed near the end of March. The first stars to be honored included: Joanne Woodward, Olive Borden, Ronald Colman, Louise Fazenza, Preston Foster, Burt Lancaster, Edward Sedgwick and Ernest Torrence.
1960~ Queen Elizabeth II (b. 1926) of the United Kingdom issued an Order-in-Council stating that she and her family would henceforth be known as the House of Windsor and that her descendants will take the name “Mountbatten-Windsor.”
1952~ Elizabeth II (b. 1926) was formally proclaimed as Queen of the United Kingdom.
1950~ The Stasi, the secret police of East Germany, came into being.
1946~ The first portion of the Revised Standard Version of the Bible was published. This Bible became the first serious competition to the Authorized King James Version of the Bible. Both Bibles were translations into English.
1924~ Nevada became the first state in the United States to use the gas chamber to execute convicted criminals. Gee Jon (1895 ~ 1924), a Chinese national and gang member was executed for the murder of an elderly member of a rival gang.
1922~ President Warren G. Harding (1865 ~ 1923) first used a radio in the White House.
1915~ D.W. Griffith’s controversial film, The Birth of a Nation, premiered in Los Angeles.
1910~ The Boy Scouts of America became incorporated.
1887~ The Dawes Act authorized the United States President to survey Native American tribal lands and divide it into individual allotments.
1865~ The State of Delaware rejected the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution and instead voted to continue the practice of slavery. It was not until February 12, 1901 before Delaware finally ratified the 13th Amendment.
1837~ Richard Johnson (1780 ~ 1850) became the first and only United States Vice President chosen by the United States Senate. He served as the 9th Vice President under President Martin Van Buren (1782 ~ 1862).
1693~ The College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia was granted a royal charter by King William III (1650 ~ 1701) and Queen Mary II (1662 ~ 1694).
1676~ Feodor III (1661 ~ 1682) became Tsar of Russia.
1601~ Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex (1565 ~ 1601) rebelled against Queen Elizabeth I (1533 ~ 1603); however, the revolt was quickly crushed. Devereux would be beheaded 17 days later.
421~ Constantius III (d. 421) became the co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire with his brother-in-law, Honorius (384 ~ 423). He died in September 421 after just seven months as Emperor.
Good-Byes:
2018~ Ben Agajanian (né Benjamin James Agajanian; b. Aug. 28, 1919), American “Toeless Wonder” who became an NFL Kicker. In 1941, he suffered a gruesome injury when his right foot was caught in an elevator, damaging his toes beyond repair. Despite his injury, he was still able to kick a football. He died at age 98.
2017~ Sir Peter Mansfield (b. Oct. 9, 1933), British scientist who helped develop the MRI scanner. He was a pioneer in the field of magnetic resonance imaging. He was the recipient of the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died at age 83.
2015~ Kenji Ekuan (b. Sept. 11, 1929), former Buddhist monk who became an industrial designer and helped shape modern Japan. He designed such items as the bullet train and the red-capped Kikkoman soy sauce dispenser. He was 85 years old.
2013~ James DePreist (né James Anderson DePreist; b. Nov. 21, 1936), African-American conductor who was unfazed by polio. He was the nephew of singer Marion Anderson. He died at age 76.
2012~ John Fairfax (b. May 21, 1937), British adventurer who rowed across oceans. In 1969, he became the first person to row across an ocean when he rowed across the Atlantic. He died at age 74.
2012~ Gunther Plaut (né Wolf Gunther Plaut, b. Nov. 1, 1912), German-born Canadian rabbi and writer who guided Reform Judaism. He died at age 99.
2010~ John Murtha (né John Patrick Murtha, Jr.; b. June 17, 1932), American congressman from Pennsylvania. He served in the United State House of Representatives. He was considered a hawk but he renounced the war in Iraq. He died at age 77.
2008~ Robert Jastrow (b. Sept. 7, 1925), American astronomer who brought outer space down to earth. He died at age 82.
2008~ Phyllis A. Whitney (née Phyllis Ayame Whitney, b. Sept. 9, 1903), American author of gothic mystery novels. She died of pneumonia at age 104.
2007~ Anna Nicole Smith (née Vickie Lynn Hogan, b. Nov. 28, 1967), American model and entertainer. She died of a drug overdose at age 39.
2002~ Vesta Roy (née Vesta M. Coward, b. Mar. 26, 1925), Acting Governor of New Hampshire. She served as Governor for only a few days, December 29, 1982 until January 6, 1983, after the sitting governor, Hugh Gallen, died in office. She was the first woman to serve both as President of the New Hampshire Senate and Acting Governor of New Hampshire. She died at age 76.
1999~ Dame Iris Murdoch (née Jean Iris Murdoch, b. July 15, 1919), Irish writer. She died at age 79.
1998~ Enoch Powell (né John Enoch Powell, b. June 16, 1912), British politician, classical scholar and poet. He died at age 85.
1998~ Halldór Kiljan Laxness (né Halldór Guõjónsson; b. Apr. 23, 1902), Icelandic writer and recipient of the 1955 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 95.
1992~ Stanley Armour Dunham (b. Mar. 23, 1918), maternal grandfather of President Barack Obama. He died at age 73.
1985~ Sir William Lyons (b. Sept. 4, 1901), English industrialist and businessman. He was a co-founder of the Swallow Sidecar Company, which became Jaguar cars. He died at age 83.
1978~ Oscar Chapman (né Oscar Littleton Chapman; b. Oct. 22, 1898), 34th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President Harry S. Truman from December 1949 until January 1953. He died at age 81.
1975~ Sir Robert Robinson (b. Sept. 13, 1886), English chemist and recipient of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 88.
1960~ Sir Giles Gilbert Scott (b. Nov. 9, 1880), British architect and designer of the iconic red telephone box. He died at age 79.
1959~ William J. Donovan (né William Joseph Donovan; b. Jan. 1, 1883), American Director of the Office of Strategic Services, precursor to the Central Intelligence Agency. He is known as the Father of American Intelligence. He was the subject of the 2015 movie, Bridge of Spies. He died just over a month after his 76th birthday.
1957~ John von Neumann (b. Dec. 28, 1903), Hungarian-born American mathematician. He died of cancer at age 53.
1957~ Walther Bothe (né Walther Wilhelm Georg Bothe; b. Jan. 8, 1891), German physicist and recipient of the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died a month after his 66th birthday.
1956~ Connie Mack, (né Cornelius Alexander McGillicuddy; b. Dec. 22, 1862), American baseball manager and executive who helped organize Baseball’s American League. He was born in Massachusetts. He died at age 93.
1946~ Felix Hoffman (b. Jan. 21, 1868), German chemist credited with synthesizing aspirin. He died 18 days after his 78th birthday.
1941~ Willis Van Devanter (b. Apr. 17, 1859), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President William Taft. He replaced Edward White on the Court. He served on the Court from December 1910 until June 1937. He died at age 81.
1936~ Charles Curtis (b. Jan. 25, 1860), 31st United States Vice President. He served under President Herbert Hoover, from March 1929 until March 1933. He was a member of the Kaw Nation, thus, he was also the first Native American to be elected a United States Senator when he was as a Senator from Kansas in 1907. He served two non-consecutive terms in the United States Senate. He died of a heart attack 15 days after his 76th birthday.
1935~ Max Liebermann (b. July 20, 1847), German painter. He was a leading Impressionist painter in Germany. He died at age 87.
1918~ Louis Renault (b. May 21, 1843), French jurist and recipient of the 1907 Nobel Peace Prize. He died at age 74.
1873~ John W. Geary (né John White Geary; b. Dec. 30, 1819), 16th Governor of Pennsylvania and 1st Mayor of San Francisco, California. He was also a Union General during the American Civil War. He served as Pennsylvania’s governor from January 1867 until January 1873. He served as Mayor of San Francisco from May 1850 until May 1851. He was born and died in Pennsylvania. He was 53 at the time of his death.
1772~ Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (b. Nov. 30, 1719), Princess of Wales. She was married to Frederick, Prince of Wales. He died before becoming King, so she was never the Queen Consort. She died of throat cancer at age 52.
1725~ Tsar Peter I, also known as Peter the Great of Russia (b. June 9, 1672). He co-ruled with his older half-brother, Ivan I, for a few years before Ivan’s death in 1696. He led a cultural reform in Russia, based on Western’s Europe’s Enlightenment. He was of the House of Romanov. He died at age 52.
1696~ Tsar Ivan V of Russia (b. Sept. 6, 1666). He ruled Russia jointly with his younger half-brother, Peter I. He was Czar from May 1682 until his death in February 1969. He was 29 years old at the time of his death.
1676~ Tsar Alexis I of Russia (b. Mar. 19, 1629). He was Tsar from July 12, 1645 until his death at age 46.
1587~ Mary, Queen of Scots (b. Dec. 8, 1542), Queen of Scots. She was Queen from December 1542 until July 1567. She is also known as Mary Stuart. She was the daughter of King James V and was just six days old when she ascended to the throne. In 1558, she married Francis II of France, however, he died 2 years later. She later married Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, her cousin. They had a son, James. Following the murder of Lord Darnley, Mary married James Hepburn. Mary was forced to abdicate in favor or her son, James. She was executed on suspicion of having been involved in a plot to kill her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I. She was 44 at the time of her execution.
1382~ Blanche of France (b. Apr. 1, 1328), Duchess of Orléans through her marriage to Philip, Duke of Orléans. She was the daughter of King Charles IV of France and his third wife, Jeanne d’Évreux. She was of the House of Capet. She died at age 53.
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