Birthdays:
1971~ Marco Rubio (né Marco Antonio Rubio), American politician.
1961~ Roland Gift (né Roland Lee Gift), English singer and frontman for Fine Young Cannibals.
1960~ Mark Sanford (né Marshall Clement Sanford, Jr.), American politician and 115thGovernor of South Carolina.
1944~ Rudy Giuliani (né Rudolph William Louis Guilliani), American politician and 107th Mayor of New York City.
1944~ Gladys Knight (née Gladys Marie Knight), American singer-songwriter.
1942~ Stanley B. Prusiner (né Stanley Benjamin Prusiner), American neurologist and recipient of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
1940~ Shlomo Riskin, American rabbi.
1939~ Maeve Binchy (née Anne Maeve Binchy, d. July 30, 2012), Irish novelist. She died of a heart attack at age 73.
1934~ Betty Shabazz (née Betty Dean Sanders, d. June 23, 1997), wife of Malcolm X. She died a month after her 63rd birthday from burns caused when her grandson set fire to her apartment.
1934~ The Canadian-borne Dionne quintuplets, Annette, Cécile, Émilie (d. Aug. 6, 1954), Marie (d. Feb. 27, 1970), and Yvonne (d. June 23, 2001). These were the first known quintuplets to survive infancy. Émilie became a nun, but died at age 29; Marie died at age 35 and Yvonne died at age 67.
1931~ Gordon Willis (né Gordon Hugh Willis, Jr., d. May 18, 2014), American cinematographer who painted with shadow. He is best known for his work on The Godfather. He died of cancer in North Falmouth, Massachusetts 10 days before his 83rdbirthday.
1922~ Lou Duva (né Louis Duva, d. Mar. 8, 2017), American scrappy boxing manager who trained champs. He managed such boxing champions as Evander Holyfield and Darren van Horn over a 7-decade career. He died at age 94.
1917~ Barry Commoner (d. Sept. 30, 2012), American cellular biologist and political activist. He died at age 95.
1916~ Walker Percy (d. May 10, 1990), American author who wrote about Louisiana. Although born in Birmingham, Alabama, he died in Covington, Louisiana. He died 18 days before his 74thbirthday.
1912~ Ruby Payne-Scott (née Ruby Violet Payne-Scott, d. May 25, 1981), Australian physicist and astronomer. She was the first radio astronomer. She died 3 days before her 69thbirthday.
1912~ Patrick White (né Patrick Victor Martindale White, d. Sept. 30, 1990), Australian writer and recipient of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 78.
1908~ Ian Fleming (né Ian Lancaster Fleming, d. Aug. 12, 1964), British intelligence officer and author. He was the creator of James Bond. He died of heart disease at age 56.
1887~ Jim Thorpe (né James Francis Thorpe, d. Mar. 28, 1953), Native American athlete and Olympian Gold Medalist. His birth date is sometimes recorded as May 22, 1887. He died at age 65.
1884~ Edvard Beneš (d. Sept. 3, 1948), 2nd and 4th President of Czechoslovakia. He initially served from December 1935 to October 1938; his second term was from April 1945 until June 1948. He died at age 64.
1879~ Milutin Milanković (d. Dec. 12, 1958), Serbian mathematician and astronomer. He died at age 79.
1858~ Carl Richard Nyberg (d. March 25, 1939), Swedish inventor of the blow torch. He died at age 80.
1818~ P.G.T. Beauregard (né Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard, d. Feb. 20, 1893), Louisiana-born military officer and Confederate General during the American Civil War. He died at age 74 in New Orleans, Louisiana.
1807~ Louis Agassiz (né Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz, d. Dec. 14, 1873), Swiss-American paleontologist and geologist. He was born in Switzerland and died in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He died at age 66.
1764~ Edward Livingston (d. May 23, 1836), American politician from Louisiana. He also served as the 11th United States Secretary of State. He served in President Martin Van Buren’s administration from May 1831 until May 1933. He was also influential in drafting the Louisiana Civil Code. He died 5 days before his 71st birthday.
1759~ William Pitt the Younger (d. Jan. 23, 1806), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He died at age 46.
1738~ Joseph-Ignace Guillotin (d. Mar. 26, 1814), French physician and namesake of the guillotine. He did not invent the guillotine and was, in fact, an opponent of the death penalty. He died at age 75.
1676~ Jacopo Riccati (né Jacopo Francesco Riccati, d. Apr. 15, 1754), Italian mathematician. He died at age 77.
1660~ King George I of Great Britain (d. June 11, 1727). He ruled from August 1714 until his death in June 1727. He died 2 weeks after his 67th birthday.
Events that Changed the World:
2018~ Memorial Day was observed in the United States.
1987~ Mathias Rust (b. 1968), a 19-year-old West German flew his private plane into Soviet Union air space and landed in Red Square in Moscow. He was detained for over a year before being released on August 3, 1988.
1982~ British forces defeated the Argentines at the Battle of Goose Green during the Falklands War.
1964~ The Palestine Liberation Organization was formed.
1952~ Greece granted women the right to vote.
1942~ In retaliation for the May 27, 1942 assassination attempt on Reinhard Heydrich (1904 ~ 1942), the Nazis in Czechoslovakia killed over 1,800 people.
1937~ The Volkswagen automobile company was founded in Germany.
1937~ The Golden Gate Bridge officially opened for vehicular traffic.
1934~ The Dionne quintruplets were born. They were the first quintruplets known to survive infancy.
1923~ The United States Attorney General determined that it is legal for women to wear trousers.
1892~ Naturalist John Muir (1838 ~ 1914) organizes the Sierra Club.
1830~ President Andrew Jackson (1767 ~ 1845) signed the Indian Removal Act which Congress had signed into law two days earlier. The Indian Removal Act forced the relocation of many Native American tribes.
1533~ Thomas Cranmer (1489 ~ 1556), the Archbishop of Canterbury, declared the marriage of King Henry VII (1491 ~ 1547) of England to Anne Boleyn (d. 1536) to be valid.
Good-Byes:
2017~ Frank Deford (né Benjamin Franklin Deford, III, b. Dec. 16, 1938), American sports journalist and radio commentator. He died at age 78.
2014~ Maya Angelou (née Margueritte Annie Johnson, b. Apr. 4, 1928), African-American inspirational writer who chronicled the black experience. She died at age 86.
2014~ Oscar Dystel (b. Oct. 31, 1912), American publisher who saved the paperback. He died at age 101.
2003~ Ilya Prigogine (b. Jan. 25, 1917), Russian-Belgian chemist and recipient of the 1977 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 86.
1998~ Phil Hartman (né Philip Edward Hartman, b. Sept. 24, 1948), Canadian actor and comedian. He was on the cast of Saturday Night Live for several seasons. He was killed by his wife in a murder-suicide. He was 49 years old.
1980~ Rolf Nevanlinna (b. Oct. 22, 1895), Finnish mathematician. He died at age 84.
1972~ Edward VIII of the United Kingdom (né Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David, b. June 23, 1894). He abdicated the throne to marry American divorcée, Wallis Simpson, and then became known as the Duke of Windsor. He died less than a month before his 78th birthday.
1971~ Audie Murphy (né Audie Leon Murphy, b. June 20, 1924), American actor and soldier. He was a hero in World War II. He was killed in a private plane crash. He died less than a month before his 46th birthday.
1946~ Carter Glass (b. Jan. 4, 1858), 47th Secretary of the United States Treasury. He served during President Woodrow Wilson’s term, from December 1918 until February 1920. He died at age 88.
1937~ Alfred Adler (b. Feb. 7, 1870), Austrian psychologist. He died at age 67.
1878~ John Russell, 1st Earl Russell (b. Aug. 18, 1792), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He served as Prime Minister for two occasions, the first from June 1846 to February 1852 and again from October 1865 until June 1866. Both terms were during the reign of Queen Victoria. He died at age 85.
1849~ Anne Brontë (b. Jan. 17, 1820), English novelist and poet. She was the youngest member of the Brontë family. She died of tuberculosis at age 29.
1843~ Noah Webster, Jr. (b. Oct. 16, 1758), American writer and lexicographer. He was the creator of the dictionary that bears his name. He died at age 84.
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