Birthdays:
1954 ~ Adam Ant (né Stuart
Leslie Goddard), English singer and musician.
1942 ~ Martin Cruz Smith,
American author.
1938 ~ Martin Dunwoody,
English mathematician.
1933 ~ Michael Dukakis,
American politician and former Presidential candidate. He also served as the 65th and 67th
Governor of Massachusetts. He served his
first term from January 1975 until January 1979; and he served his second term
from January 1983 until January 1991.
1933 ~ Amartya Sen, Indian
economist and recipient of the 1998 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences.
1918 ~ Russell B. Long (d.
2003), American politician from Louisiana.
He died at age 84.
1918 ~ Elisabeth P.
Hoisington (d. 2007), American Brigadier General. In 1970, she became one of the first two
women to reach the rank of Brigadier General.
She died at age 88.
1903 ~ Walker Evans (d.
1973), American photographer. He died at
age 71.
1900 ~ Adolf Dassler (d.
1978), German founder of Adidas, the sports gear company. He died at age 77.
1884 ~ Joseph William
Martin, Jr. (d. 1968), American publisher and politician. He served as the 44th Speaker of
the United States House of Representatives from January 1953 until January
1955. He was a Representative from
Massachusetts. He died at age 83.
1877 ~ Carlos Ibáñez del
Campo (d. 1960), 20th and 26th President of Chile. He served from May 1927 until November 1931
in his first term and from November 1952 until November 1958 in his second term. He died at age 82.
1845 ~ Edward Douglass White
(d. 1921), 9th Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was initially appointed to the High Court
as an Associate Supreme Court Justice by President Grover Cleveland, where he
served from February 1894 until December 1910.
In December 1910, President William Taft appointed him to become the
Chief Justice. He served until his death
at age 75 in May 1921. He was from
Louisiana.
1801 ~ Karl Baedeker (d. 1859),
German author and publisher and founder of the Baedeker Publishing Company. He died a month before his 58th
birthday.
1799 ~ William Sprague, III
(d. 1856), 14th Governor of Rhode Island. He served as Governor from May 1838 until May
1839. He died 2 weeks before his 57th
birthday.
1793 ~ Stephen Austin (d. 1836),
American frontiersman in Texas. He died
of pneumonia at age 43.
1757 ~ Robert Smith (d.
1842), 6th Secretary of State.
He served under President James Madison from March 1809 until April
1811. He had previously served as the 2nd
United States Secretary of the Navy under President Thomas Jefferson. He served in that position from July 1801
until March 1809. He died 3 weeks after
his 85th birthday.
1500 ~ Benvenuto
Cellini (d. 1571), Italian goldsmith and sculptor. He died at age 70.
Events that Changed the World:
2014 ~ The new World Trade Center officially opened in New York
City.
2013 ~ A solar eclipse occurred across Africa, Europe and the
Eastern United States.
1997 ~ The United States imposed economic sanctions against the
Sudan due to its human rights abuses of its own citizens and its assistance to
Islamic extremist groups in the Middle East and across Africa.
1986 ~ The Federated States of Micronesia gained its independence
from the United States.
1964 ~ Residents of
Washington, D.C., were able to vote for the first time in a presidential
election.
1960 ~ The Great Swamp
National Wildlife Refuge in Morris County, New Jersey, was established by an
Act of Congress.
1957 ~ The Soviet Union
launched Sputnik 2, which carried a dog named Laika aboard, the first animal to
enter orbit. The dog did not survive the
orbit, but died within hours from overheating.
The true cause of death was not revealed until 2002.
1918 ~ Poland declared its
independence from Russia.
1913 ~ The United States
introduced the income tax on its citizens.
1911 ~ Chevrolet entered the
automobile market in competition with the Ford Model T.
1903 ~ Panama became
independent from Columbia.
1868 ~ John Willis Menard
(d. 1893) was the first African-American elected to the United States
Congress. He was elected to serve
Louisiana’s Second Congressional District.
His opponent, Caleb Hunt, contested the election and he was ultimately
unable to take his seat.
1783 ~ The American
Continental Army was officially disbanded.
1534 ~ The English
Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy, making King Henry VIII the head of the
English church. The Pope had previously
held this position.
1333 ~ The Arno River in
Florence, Italy, caused massive damage to the city.
Good-Byes:
2014 ~ Thomas Magliozzi (b. 1937), American radio
personality and host who got laughs out of auto repair. He, along with his brother, Ray Magliozzi (b.
1949), were known as Click and Clack, the Tappit Brothers on NPR’s Car Talk. He died at age 77.
2009 ~~ Carl Ballantine (né Mayer Kessler, b. 1917), the comic
who was a bumbling magician. He died at
age 92.
2008 ~ Edward
Sheehan (b. 1930), foreign correspondent who immersed himself in turmoil. He died at age 78 from an allergic reaction
to medication.
2008 ~ Alan
Ford (b. 1923), American Olympic swimmer known as the “Human Fish.” He died a month before his 85th
birthday.
1998 ~ Bob
Kane (né Robert Kahn, b. 1915), American author and illustrator. He was the co-creator of Batman. He died 10 days
after his 83rd birthday.
1990 ~ Mary Martin (b.
1913), American actress best known for her role as Peter Pan in the play by the same name. She was the mother of actor Larry Hagman
(1931 ~ 2012). She died a month before
her 77th birthday.
1954 ~ Henri Matisse (b.
1869), French artist. He died at age 84.
1949 ~ Solomon R. Guggenheim
(b. 1861), American art collector and founder of the Solomon R. Guggenheim
Museum in New York City. He died at age
88.
1926 ~ Annie Oakley (b.
1860), American sharp-shooter. She died
at age 66.
1918 ~ Aleksandr Lyapunov
(b. 1857), Russian mathematician. He
committed suicide at age 61 following the death of his wife, who died of
tuberculosis.
1643 ~ Paul Guldin (b.
1577), Swiss astronomer and mathematician.
He died at age 66.
1600 ~ Richard Hooker (b.
1554), English theologian. He died at
age 46.
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