November 3

Birthdays:

1954 ~ Adam Ant (né Stuart Leslie Goddard), English singer and musician.

1942 ~ Martin Cruz Smith, American author.

1938 ~ Martin Dunwoody, English mathematician.

1933 ~ Michael Dukakis, American politician and former Presidential candidate.  He also served as the 65^th Governor of Massachusetts.

1933 ~ Amartya Sen, Indian economist and recipient of the 1998 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences.

1918 ~ Russell B. Long (d. 2003), American politician from Louisiana.

1918 ~ Elisabeth P. Hoisington (d. 2007), American Brigadier General.

1903 ~ Walker Evans (d. 1973), American photographer.

1900 ~ Adolf Dassler (d. 1978), German founder of Adidas, the sports gear company.

1877 ~ Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (d. 1960), 20^th President of Chile.

1845 ~ Edward Douglass White (d. 1912), 9^th Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court.  He was from Louisiana.

1801 ~ Karl Baedeker (d. 1859), German author and publisher and founder of the Baedeker Publishing Company.

1799 ~ William Sprague, III (d. 1856), 14^th Governor of Rhode Island.

1793 ~ Stephen Austin (d. 1836), American frontiersman in Texas.

1757 ~ Robert Smith (d. 1842), 6^th Secretary of State.  He served under President James Madison.

1500 ~ Benvenuto Cellini (d. 1571), Italian goldsmith and sculptor

Events that Changed the World:

2014 ~ The new World Trade Center officially opened in New York City.

2013 ~ A solar eclipse occurred across Africa, Europe and the Eastern United States.

1997 ~ The United States imposed economic sanctions against the Sudan due to its human rights abuses of its own citizens and its assistance to Islamic extremist groups in the Middle East and across Africa.

1986 ~ The Federated States of Micronesia gained its independence from the United States.

1964 ~ Residents of Washington, D.C., were able to vote for the first time in a presidential election.

1960 ~ The Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge in Morris County, New Jersey, was established by an Act of Congress.

1957 ~ The Soviet Union launched Sputnik 2, which carried a dog named Laika aboard, the first animal to enter orbit.  The dog did not survive the orbit, but died within hours from overheating.  The true cause of death was not revealed until 2002.

1918 ~ Poland declared its independence from Russia.

1913 ~ The United States introduced the income tax on its citizens.

1911 ~ Chevrolet entered the automobile market in competition with the Ford Model T.

1903 ~ Panama became independent from Columbia.

1783 ~ The American Continental Army was officially disbanded.

1333 ~ The Arno River in Florence, Italy, caused massive damage to the city.

Good-Byes:

2014 ~ Thomas Magliozzi (b. 1937), American radio personality and host who got laughs out of auto repair.  He, along with his brother, Ray Magliozzi (b. 1949), were known as Click and Clack, the Tappit Brothers on NPR’s Car Talk.

2009 ~~ Carl Ballantine (b. 1917), the comic who was a bumbling magician.

2008 ~ Edward Sheehan (b. 1930), foreign correspondent who immersed himself in turmoil.

2008 ~ Alan Ford (b. 1923), American Olympic swimmer known as the “Human Fish.”

1998 ~ Bob Kane (b. 1915), American author and illustrator.  He was the co-creator of Batman.

1990 ~ Mary Martin (b. 1913), American actress best known for her role as Peter Pan in the play by the same name.  She was the mother of actor Larry Hagman (1931 ~ 2012).

1954 ~ Henri Matisse (b. 1869), French artist.

1949 ~ Solomon R. Guggenheim (b. 1861), American art collector and founder of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.

1926 ~ Annie Oakley (b. 1860), American sharp-shooter.

1918 ~ Aleksandr Lyapunov (b. 1857), Russian mathematician.

1643 ~ Paul Guldin (b. 1577), Swiss astronomer and mathematician.

1600 ~ Richard Hooker (b. 1554), English theologian.